• The ARRL Letter for March 17, 2022

    From ARRL Web site@21:1/5 to All on Fri Mar 18 08:25:03 2022
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    ********************************************
    The ARRL Letter

    Published by the American Radio Relay League ********************************************

    March 17, 2022

    Editor <news@arrl.org>

    ARRL Home Page <http://www.arrl.org/>ARRL Letter Archive <http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/>Audio News <http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/audio/> IN THIS ISSUE

    - Hamvention 2022 Announces Award Winners
    - AMSAT Receives a Grant From ARDC
    - Friedrichshafen HAM RADIO 2022 Will Welcome Worldwide Visitors
    - RSGB Legacy Committee to Fund 50 MHz Meteor Scatter Beacon
    - WRTC 2022 Special Event Station Award Begins New Cycle
    - Nordic HF Conference 2022 to Be Held in Fårö, Sweden
    - SOTA Activators Complete their Summit Sweep in Wales
    - A Contesting Word to the Wise
    - ARRL Podcasts Schedule
    - The K7RA Solar Update
    - In Brief
    - Upcoming Section, State, and Division Conventions
    - Just Ahead in Radiosport
    - Rick Lindquist, WW1ME, Retires as ARRL News Editor

    HAMVENTION 2022 ANNOUNCES AWARD WINNERS

    Chairman of the Hamvention Awards Committee Michael Kalter, W8CI, has
    announced the 2022 Dayton Hamvention® award winners.

    Special Achievement Award

    Kerry Banke, N6IZW, of La Mesa, California, received the Special
    Achievement Award. Banke, first licensed in 1961 and now retired, spent
    most of his career in the research and development of electronics
    systems as a microwave RF electrical engineer. This included 14 years
    as a Qualcomm engineer, developing innovative microwave wireless
    technologies. Banke's electronic interests span dc to light, with
    particular interest and expertise in microwaves. His ham radio
    operations have included transmissions on 136 kHz up to laser.

    Banke's support to human spaceflight amateur radio started in 1994 when
    he served as a school technical mentor and certified ground station for
    the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX) program. When NASA
    transitioned from SAREX to the International Space Station (ISS), Banke
    became a member of the Amateur Radio on the International Space Station
    (ARISS) hardware team. For 7 years, working from his home and
    electronics lab garage, Banke led the circuit design, breadboarding,
    flight circuit board layout, assembly, and testing of the
    ARISS-developed multi-voltage power supply. This compact power supply innovation serves as the backbone of the ARISS next-generation on-orbit
    radio system.

    Banke's contributions to the recently launched ARISS hardware system
    has significantly enhanced current ham operations on the ISS.
    Additionally, they enable future amateur radio expansion and
    experimentation that will permit new educational and operational
    capabilities for youth and hams. Annually, hundreds of thousands of ISS
    ham contacts are made via the voice repeater and APRS digipeater and
    thousands of youth are inspired and engaged through ARISS ham radio
    connections with astronauts aboard the ISS.

    Technical Achievement Award

    Adam Farson, VA7OJ/AB4OJ, of West Vancouver, B.C., received the
    Technical Achievement Award for his dedicated professional work with RF
    and telecommunications engineering issues and innovation. He has been a
    ham since he was a teenager.

    Best known to the amateur radio community for his development of
    multiple sources of technical support for Icom radios, Farson started
    an Icom technical support net on 20 meters in the 1980s. He and came to
    know several senior Icom Japan engineers while living in, and traveling
    around, Japan while working. With each week's net, Farson helped hams
    solve challenging technical and logistical issues.

    Farson has spent 3 decades creating an online resource for HF radios.
    His website -- a repository for highly technical information on Icom
    and other HF transceivers and amplifiers -- is now one of the most
    widely cited internet resources.

    He independently performs measurements on nearly all new radios,
    including noise-power ratio, a measure he developed. His work includes producing the only data radio hobbyists have, which clearly delineates
    how modern software-defined radios (SDRs) perform across the spectrum
    of band noise levels. Farson has written multiple articles for
    technical and amateur radio journals. Recently, he penned a multipart
    series on modern HF solid-state amplifier design principles.

    Amateur of the Year Award

    Jim Simpson, KF8J, of Xenia, Ohio, was named the 2022 Amateur of the
    Year. First licensed as a teen, Simpson built his first tower in 1966.
    He worked 39 states, including Hawaii, while living at home with his
    family. His first shack was in the corner of his dad's garage. Simpson
    built all his equipment from Heathkit.

    He upgraded to a General-class license in the late 1970s. He built two
    towers at his current location in Xenia in 1980, a 100-foot guyed tower
    for HF antennas and a 55-foot, free-standing tower for satellite communications. Simpson operates on 80 through 10 meters, mostly using
    voice with some digital operations, as well as on 2 meters and 70
    centimeters.

    Simpson attended his first Dayton Hamvention in 1972. He was a member
    of the Hamvention committee for several years and was the first to use computers for the annual event to streamline recording data.

    In 1974, a tornado devastated the city of Xenia, Ohio. In 1975, Simpson
    saw a way to serve the community, and as a young man, he founded The
    Xenia Weather Radio Network. He remains active in the organization.

    Simpson was appointed Second Assistant to the Hamvention General Chair
    in 1983. In 1984 and 1985, he was appointed Assistant General Chair. He
    was appointed the Hamvention Chairman on the DARA Board for the 1986
    and 1987 Hamvention events. Simpson has served on the Hamvention
    committee continuously since 1973. During that period, he introduced
    several technical innovations to the event and remains a senior advisor
    on the committee.

    Over many years, he mentored many local hams and has been active in
    many amateur radio projects in and around Xenia.

    Club of the Year Award

    The Highland Amateur Radio Association (HARA), K8HO, an ARRL Special
    Service Club located in Hillsboro, Ohio, has been named the 2022 Club
    of the Year. HARA was established in 1977 and serves a small rural
    population in Highland County, Ohio. As a result of ongoing licensing
    classes and mentoring sessions, the club reached an all-time high
    membership in 2021 with 143 members. Since 2015, membership has grown
    by 86 percent, and the membership is comprised of hams from 10
    surrounding counties in southwest Ohio and two states. The club
    maintains five repeaters within Highland County, of which two are
    linked to provide a broader footprint. The club hosts a weekly 2-meter
    and 10-meter net, with an average attendance of 28. There are
    bi-monthly programs, as well as a monthly gathering called the "Brunch
    Bunch."

    The club has an excellent relationship with the local newspaper and
    leverages that relationship to make the community aware of its events
    and of the value and importance of amateur radio.

    Hamvention 2022 is set for May 20 - 22 at the Greene County Fairgrounds
    and Expo Center in Xenia, Ohio. Xenia is about 16 miles east of Dayton,
    Ohio. For more information, go to the Hamvention website at
    www.hamvention.org <http://www.hamvention.org>.

    ARRL The National Association for Amateur Radio <http://www.arrl.org/>®
    is among the major exhibitors that participate in Hamvention each year.

    AMSAT RECEIVES A GRANT FROM ARDC

    AMSAT has received a generous grant from Amateur Radio Digital
    Communications (ARDC) for the development of a 3U spaceframe with
    deployable solar panels. This standardized 3U CubeSat spaceframe will
    serve as the mechanical platform for AMSAT's Greater Orbit, Larger
    Footprint (GOLF) series of satellites, as well as for a new generation
    of low-Earth orbit (LEO) FM satellites.

    Central to the development of the 3U spaceframe, AMSAT will build three flight-ready spaceframes for an upcoming series of satellites with
    potentially enhanced flight control, payload, and communication
    capabilities.

    The need for a 3U spaceframe with deployable solar panels goes back to
    the original design requirements for the GOLF satellites that would
    return AMSAT to highly elliptical orbits (HEO). The benefit of this
    program will provide satellites with wider coverage and longer access
    times to the entire amateur radio satellite community worldwide. --
    Thanks to Frank Karnauskas, N1UW, AMSAT VP of Development

    FRIEDRICHSHAFEN HAM RADIO 2022 WILL WELCOME WORLDWIDE VISITORS

    With the recent relaxation of COVID-19 regulations, the Deutscher
    Amateur Radio Club (DARC) and Messe Friedrichshafen, partners of the
    HAM RADIO 2022 <https://www.hamradio-friedrichshafen.com/> exhibition
    in Germany, are optimistically looking forward toward holding the 45th
    HAM RADIO from June 24 - 26 in Friedrichshafen, subject to the final
    official approval by the local authorities.

    Appropriate hygienic and distancing measures will be in place for the
    safety of all visitors. These will have implications on the design of
    the stands, the opening ceremony, the presentation rooms, and the flea
    market area.

    One of the largest amateur radio conventions in the world, alongside
    Dayton Hamvention® in the US and the Japan Amateur Radio League Ham
    Fair, HAM RADIO attracts exhibitors and visitors from more than 52
    countries to Germany. ARRL The National Association for Amateur Radio <http://www.arrl.org/>® will be among the participating International
    Amateur Radio Union <https://www.iaru.org/> (IARU) member-societies
    exhibiting at the convention. HAM RADIO organizers say they are
    "looking forward to seeing you in Friedrichshafen!"

    RSGB LEGACY COMMITTEE TO FUND 50 MHZ METEOR SCATTER BEACON

    The Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) has announced <https://rsgb.org/main/blog/news/rsgb-notices/2022/03/07/rsgb-legacy-funds-support-50mhz-beacon/>

    that its Legacy Committee <https://rsgb.org/main/about-us/committees/legacy-committee/> has
    agreed to fund a 50 MHz beacon specifically aimed at studying meteor
    events above the UK. The RSGB website reports, "Unlike conventional
    propagation beacons, this will beam vertically up using circular
    polarization. The 50 MHz band is particularly suitable for observing
    meteors by radio as they create an ionized trail strongly reflective to
    radio at that frequency, while they burn up on entry to the Earth's
    atmosphere. This is a collaborative project between the amateur radio
    and radio astronomy communities, and will enable a range of radio-based
    citizen science and STEM projects studying meteors. The beacon is to be
    located at the Sherwood Observatory of the Mansfield and Sutton
    Astronomical Society, a central location for UK coverage." -- Thanks to Southgate Amateur Radio News

    WRTC 2022 SPECIAL EVENT STATION AWARD BEGINS NEW CYCLE

    World Radiosport Team Championship 2022 (WRTC 2022
    <http://www.wrtc2022.it/>) special event stations have been on the air
    to call attention to the international competition, now set to take
    place in July 2023. Stations that already worked toward the WRTC 2022
    Award <https://www.wrtc2022.it/en/wrtc2022-award-19.asp> in January and February may be contacted again. Stations need 50 points for the award.
    The point structure is 5 for CW contacts, 10 for SSB contacts, 12 for
    RTTY contacts, and 17 for FT8 (or mixed). Points accumulate each month.
    Your March score <https://www.wrtc2022.it/en/wrtc2022-award-19.asp>
    will be added to your February and January scores. Register and log in
    to https://hamaward.cloud and select "WRTC2022 Award" to access your
    score page and logbook. The WRTC 2022 Award organizers are asking
    participants not to send or email QSL cards. Further information will
    show up on the hunters' website.

    Special call signs are active during this event. More than 100 Italian
    radio amateurs will activate special WRTC call signs, one for each
    Italian call district, concluding on July 10, 2022. A first-time award <http://www.wrtc2022.it/award> promoting WRTC 2022 will be available.
    Look for these call signs to be active during some contests, concluding
    with the 2022 IARU HF World Championship <http://www.arrl.org/iaru-hf-world-championship>. Each participant's
    contact totals and award-hunter scores will be displayed on a real-time leaderboard <http://www.wrtc2022.it/award>. Participants can download
    the award in digital format. -- Thanks to The ARRL Contest Update

    NORDIC HF CONFERENCE 2022 TO BE HELD IN FåRö, SWEDEN

    The Nordic HF Conference <https://www.nordichf.org/> takes place every
    3 years, and the next one is planned for August 15 - 17, 2022, reports
    the Norwegian Radio Relay League (NRRL <https://nrrl-no.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US>), Norway's International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) member-society. NRRL
    says the conference is a meeting place for industry and defense
    research within HF, as well as for radio amateurs. The conference takes
    place in a relaxed and informal environment on Fårö, an island north of
    Gotland on the Swedish east coast. The event will include "many
    exciting lectures," together with radios and antennas, held outdoors or
    in an exhibition tent. The Nordic HF Conference
    <https://www.nordichf.org/> website includes useful information about
    the conference, a link to registration, and a look back at previous conferences. -- Thanks to the NRRL

    SOTA ACTIVATORS COMPLETE THEIR SUMMIT SWEEP IN WALES

    In May 2021, father-and-son Summits on the Air (SOTA
    <http://www.sota.org.uk/>) activators Tom Read, M1EYP, and Jimmy Read,
    M0HGY, (the SOTA Association Manager), completed activating every SOTA
    summit in Wales -- or so they thought. Detailed surveying work later
    that year, however, revealed the existence of a new "Marilyn" summit in
    Wales -- Rhinog Fach. "Marilyn" is the nickname given to British and
    Irish hills with a topographical prominence of 150 meters and is also
    the qualification criteria for a summit to be included in SOTA in the
    UK. The new entity was designated the SOTA reference GW/NW-078. Simon
    Melhuish, G4TJC, was the first to operate from this particular Marilyn
    in October 2021. The Reads set out to activate the summit on December
    21, 2021. The walk was a long one and included a steep final ascent,
    but the pair were able to complete most of the route in the short
    daylight hours. Jimmy made 12 contacts, all on 2-meter FM, while Tom
    completed 19, mainly on 20, 30, and 40 meters on CW. Jimmy and Tom Read
    can once again claim to have activated every SOTA summit in England,
    Wales, Northern Ireland, Isle of Man, Jersey, and Guernsey.

    A CONTESTING WORD TO THE WISE

    When submitting contest logs, many contest sponsors will provide an
    email confirmation of your entry. It's always advisable to check your confirmation email or the contest's Logs Received page to ensure that
    your entry has been submitted and that your entry category, club name,
    and location are correct. ARRL, CQ, and other contest sponsors allow
    you to resubmit your log with any corrections before the log submission deadline. The most recent uploaded log will be used for scoring
    purposes. After the deadline, some contest sponsors will release raw
    scores that reflect the results before any log checking has been
    completed. If, after the deadline, you notice an error in your log
    submission, contact the contest sponsor to correct it before the
    results are tabulated and made public. -- The ARRL Contest Update <http://www.arrl.org/the-arrl-contest-update>

    ARRL PODCASTS SCHEDULE

    The latest episode of the On the Air podcast (Episode 26) features an
    audio tour of the 10-meter band.

    The latest edition (Episode 55) of the Eclectic Tech podcast features a conversation with Dave Slotter, W3DJS, about HamPi -- a free suite of
    amateur radio software for the Raspberry Pi microcomputer.

    The On the Air and Eclectic Tech podcasts are sponsored by Icom. Both
    podcasts are available on iTunes (iOS) and Stitcher (Android) as well
    as on Blubrry -- On the Air <https://blubrry.com/arrlontheair/> |
    Eclectic Tech <https://blubrry.com/eclectictech/>.

    THE K7RA SOLAR UPDATE

    Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, Washington reports: On March 11 at 0431
    UTC, Australia's Space Forecast Centre issued a warning. "A slow
    coronal mass ejection has been observed late on 10 March, and event
    modeling suggests arrival at the Earth late on 13 March. Increased
    geomagnetic activity is expected for 14 March 2022."

    We observed an active sun this week. Geomagnetic indicators peaked on
    Saturday, March 5, when Alaska's high-latitude college A index reached
    42.

    Again this week, sunspots covered the sun every day. Average daily
    sunspot numbers rose from 44 to 87.4, and average daily solar flux went
    from 98.5 to 115.5. Geomagnetic indicators were also higher. Average
    daily planetary A index increased from 7.3 to 11.4.

    The vernal equinox is in a little over a week, 1533 UTC on Sunday,
    March 20, when Earth will be bathed in an equal amount of solar
    radiation over both Southern and Northern Hemispheres, good for HF
    propagation. It is the first day of spring in the Northern Hemisphere,
    and fall in the southern.

    Predicted solar flux is 120 on March 11 - 12; 115 on March 13; 110 on
    March 14 - 16; 105 on March 17; 100 on March 18 - 21; then 101 and 103
    on March 22 - 23; 104 on March 24 - 27; then 110, 115, and 116 on March
    28 - 30; 118 on March 31 through April 1; 120 on April 2; 116 on April
    3 - 4; then 115 and 112 on April 5 - 6; 110 on April 7 - 9; then 108,
    102, 98, and 99 on April 10 - 13; then 100 on April 14 - 17.

    Predicted planetary A index is 12 on March 11; 5 on March 12 - 13; then
    10, 18, 15, 5, and 8 on March 14 - 18; then 12 on March 19 - 20; 15 on
    March 21; 7 on March 22 - 24; then 5, 10 and 8, on March 25 - 27; 5 on
    March 28 - 29; then 10, 12, 25, 20, and 10 on March 30 through April 3;
    5 on April 4 - 6; then 15, 20, and 12 on April 7 - 9; 5 on April 10 -
    13; then 8 on April 14, and 10 on April 15 - 16.

    Sunspot numbers for March 3 through 9, 2022 were 92, 77, 95, 82, 84,
    93, and 89, with a mean of 87.4. 10.7-centimeter flux was 110.9, 113.1,
    120.1, 115.7, 118.3, 115.3, and 114.8, with a mean of 115.5. Estimated planetary A indices were 5, 10, 27, 18, 9, 6, and 5, with a mean of
    11.4. Middle latitude A index was 3, 7, 19, 13, 7, 5, and 4, with a
    mean of 8.3.

    A comprehensive K7RA Solar Update is posted Fridays on the ARRL
    website. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit <http://arrl.org/propagation-of-rf-signals> the ARRL Technical
    Information Service, read
    <http://arrl.org/the-sun-the-earth-the-ionosphere> "What the Numbers
    Mean...," and check out <http://k9la.us/> the Propagation Page of Carl Luetzelschwab, K9LA.

    A propagation bulletin archive <http://arrl.org/w1aw-bulletins-archive-propagation> is available. For customizable propagation charts, visit the VOACAP Online for Ham Radio <https://www.voacap.com/hf/> website.

    Share <k7ra@arrl.net> your reports and observations.

    IN BRIEF

    CQ to Limit Contest Participation by Stations in Russia, Belarus, and
    Donbas. In a March 17 news release, CQ Communications, Inc. announced,
    "It will not accept competitive entries in any of its sponsored
    contests by amateur radio stations in Russia, Belarus, or the
    separatist Donbas region of Ukraine (unofficial D1 prefix). Logs
    submitted by these stations will be accepted only as check logs. In
    addition, contacts with these stations by other participants will have
    zero point value and will not count as multipliers." The policy will
    take effect with the CQ WPX SSB Contest on March 26 and 27, 2022, and
    future events will be considered on a case-by-case basis, depending on
    the situation at that time.

    Military Exercise Will Use 50 MHz Band. Belgium's communications
    regulator BIPT has said 50.200 MHz and 51.075 MHz will be used from May
    30 to June 18 during a military exercise. A translation of the post by Belgium's national amateur radio society UBA said, "BIPT informs us
    that in the period from May 30 to June 18, 2022, a military exercise
    will be held in Elsenborn in which two frequencies in the 6-meter band
    will be used -- 50.200 MHz and 51.075 MHz. The amateur radio service
    has a secondary status in this band; the military services a primary
    status." Radio amateurs are called upon to pay particular attention to
    this during this period, to avoid the use of these frequencies if
    possible, and certainly to listen carefully to whether the frequency is
    in use if they still wish to use the frequencies concerned. -- Thanks
    to Southgate Amateur Radio News

    American Legion Post Donates Ham Radio Repeater. American Legion Post
    106 in Forks, Washington, has donated a new repeater system to the
    Clallam County Amateur Radio Club, which co-owns and operates equipment
    with Forks Community Hospital on Gunderson Mountain. Joe Wright,
    KG7JWW, who is Vice President of the Clallam County Club and a officer
    of Post 106, said Clallam County Club shares use of the equipment with
    ARES® (Amateur Radio Emergency Service <http://www.arrl.org/ares>®). --
    Thanks to American Legion and Southgate Amateur Radio News

    UPCOMING SECTION, STATE, AND DIVISION CONVENTIONS

    - March 19 -- ARRL Southern Florida Section Convention <http://www.arrl.org/hamfests/47th-annual-martin-county-hamfest-arrl-southern-florida-section-convention>

    (47th Annual Martin County Hamfest), Stuart, Florida

    - March 19 -- ARRL West Texas Section Convention <http://www.arrl.org/hamfests/66th-annual-st-patrick-s-day-hamest-arrl-west-texas-section-convention>

    (66th Annual St. Patrick's Day Hamfest), Midland, Texas

    - March 19 -- ARRL West Virginia Section Convention <http://www.arrl.org/hamfests/charleston-area-hamfest-arrl-west-virginia-section-convention>

    (Charleston Area Hamfest), Charleston, West Virginia

    - March 27 -- ARRL Virginia Section Convention <https://viennawireless.net/wp/events/winterfest/> (Winterfest),
    Annandale, Virginia

    - April 1 - 2 -- ARRL Maine State Convention <http://w1npp.org/>,
    Lewiston, Maine

    - April 8 - 9 -- ARRL Oklahoma State Convention <http://www.greencountryhamfest.org/index.php> (Green Country Hamfest
    2022), Claremore, Oklahoma

    - April 16 -- ARRL Roanoke Division Convention
    <https://www.rarsfest.org/> (Raleigh Hamfest), Raleigh, North Carolina

    - April 23 -- ARRL Delaware State Convention <http://www.radioelectronicsexpo.com/> (Delmarva Amateur Radio and
    Electronics Expo), Georgetown, Delaware

    - May 1 -- ARRL Eastern Pennsylvania Convention
    <http://www.k3dn.org/hamfest/> (Warminster Amateur Radio Club Hamfest), Bristol, Pennsylvania

    - May 7 -- ARRL Indiana State Convention <http://www.ncihamfest.com/>
    (North Central Indiana Hamfest), Peru, Indiana

    Search the ARRL Hamfest and Convention Database
    <http://www.arrl.org/hamfests> to find events in your area.

    JUST AHEAD IN RADIOSPORT

    - March 19 -- F9AA Cup SSB

    - March 19 -- AGCW VHF/UHF Contest (CW)

    - March 19 -- All Virginia QSO Party (CW, phone, digital)

    - March 19 -- Feld Hell Sprint (digital)

    - March 19 -- Russian DX Contest (CW, phone)

    - March 20 -- UBA Spring Contest, SSB

    - March 20 -- Run for the Bacon QRP Contest (CW)

    - March 21 -- OK1WC Memorial (MWC) (CW)

    - March 21 -- Bucharest Digital Contest (digital)

    - March 23 -- SKCC Sprint (CW)

    - March 24 -- RSGB 80-Meter Club Championship, SSB

    RICK LINDQUIST, WW1ME, RETIRES AS ARRL NEWS EDITOR

    Rick Lindquist, WW1ME, has retired as ARRL News Editor. The position
    includes responsibilities like producing news content for the ARRL
    website, the weekly ARRL Letter, and the "Happenings" column in QST, as
    well as voicing the weekly ARRL Audio News.

    Lindquist began his long association with ARRL in 1995. While on staff,
    he served as Product Review Editor and then Senior News Editor. He
    retired from ARRL in 2007 and then returned in 2013 to fulfill the News
    Editor duties on a freelance basis while most recently working remotely
    from home in Maine.

    "I've logged a total of some 26 years as an ARRL staffer at HQ and as a contractor," Lindquist said. "As I approach 77, I've determined that
    sitting in front of a screen was not quite the retirement dream I'd had
    in mind and that it was simply time to get out of the chair and spend
    more time with my girlfriend, my three lovely cats, and all the
    household chores and community activities, such as choral singing, you
    could possibly imagine. I do not countenance sitting (or standing) idly
    by. Oh, and I may even do some casual CW contesting. I will miss gazing
    out my office window to see the eagles, hawks, and sea birds along (or
    on) the Union River."

    Lindquist will continue in his freelance position as managing editor
    for the National Contest Journal (NCJ).

    ARRL staff are continuing to publish the ARRL Letter and ARRL News
    while a new News Editor is sought. A position description and other
    ARRL position and employment opportunities are listed at
    www.arrl.org/careers <http://www.arrl.org/careers>.

    HAVE NEWS FOR ARRL?

    Submissions for the ARRL Letter and ARRL News can be sent to
    news@arrl.org.

    THANK YOU!

    Special thanks to Dave Greer, N4KZ, of Frankfort, Kentucky, for his contribution to editing this edition of the ARRL Letter. Dave has been
    an ARRL member for 52 years.

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