IIRC, I figured out about ~2000 that the entire 4004 (circa 1971(?))
could be implemented
on a then modern process in about the space of one of the original
4004's transistors.

And things have just gotten smaller since then (and much more voltage >sensitive).

In article <6d40d53f-c47d-4011-b156-d07b5d3499b3n@googlegroups.com>,
Tim McCaffrey <timcaffrey@aol.com> wrote:

IIRC, I figured out about ~2000 that the entire 4004 (circa 1971(?))
could be implemented
on a then modern process in about the space of one of the original
4004's transistors.

And things have just gotten smaller since then (and much more voltage >>sensitive).

[Hal Heydt]
Raspberry Pi Ltd. (RPT) developed an I/O handing chip (aka "south
bridge") which is just coming into use on the announced--but not
quite released--Raspberry Pi 5. The chip was implemented using
40nm process as a way to make it less sensitive to electrostatic
discharge and have better tolerance for higher voltages on the
GPIO pins.

djheydt@kithrup.com (Dorothy J Heydt) writes:

In article <6d40d53f-c47d-4011-b156-d07b5d3499b3n@googlegroups.com>,
Tim McCaffrey <timcaffrey@aol.com> wrote:

IIRC, I figured out about ~2000 that the entire 4004 (circa 1971(?)) >>>could be implemented
on a then modern process in about the space of one of the original
4004's transistors.

And things have just gotten smaller since then (and much more voltage >>>sensitive).

[Hal Heydt]
Raspberry Pi Ltd. (RPT) developed an I/O handing chip (aka "south
bridge") which is just coming into use on the announced--but not
quite released--Raspberry Pi 5. The chip was implemented using
40nm process as a way to make it less sensitive to electrostatic
discharge and have better tolerance for higher voltages on the
GPIO pins.

And 40nm process is much less expensive than 16nm.

AMD does similar things with their chiplets, with processor
on the newest node (e.g. 7 nm) and the I/O chiplet(s) on a
mature node (14nm). Packaged as a MCM.

Decoupling the I/O from the processor also allows room for
additional processors on the die at a given node.

I know that Lynn is partial to the burgeoning post-EMP survival novel genre (Goodreads lists over 100 of them). Mostly, they seem to be imposed on (usually) the US by a nefarious foreign power, exploding nukes high in the atmosphere.

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made EMPs. The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found far more powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and affect the whole planet simultaneously.

Have such natural events been used as the hook for a story? https://www.newsweek.com/tree-rings-reveal-most-powerful-solar-storm-ever-1833028

pt

On 10/9/2023 4:30 PM, pete...@gmail.com wrote:

I know that Lynn is partial to the burgeoning post-EMP survival novel genre (Goodreads lists over 100 of them). Mostly, they seem to be imposed on (usually) the US by a nefarious foreign power, exploding nukes high in the atmosphere.

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made EMPs. The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found far more powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and affect the whole planet simultaneously.

Have such natural events been used as the hook for a story? https://www.newsweek.com/tree-rings-reveal-most-powerful-solar-storm-ever-1833028

pt

"48 Hours: A Novel" by William R. Forstchen https://www.amazon.com/48-Hours-William-R-Forstchen/dp/0765397935/

On Wednesday, October 11, 2023 at 5:29:32 PM UTC-4, Lynn McGuire wrote:

On 10/9/2023 4:30 PM, pete...@gmail.com wrote:

I know that Lynn is partial to the burgeoning post-EMP survival novel genre (Goodreads lists over 100 of them). Mostly, they seem to be imposed on (usually) the US by a nefarious foreign power, exploding nukes high in the atmosphere.

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made EMPs. The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found far more powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and affect the whole planet simultaneously.

Have such natural events been used as the hook for a story?
https://www.newsweek.com/tree-rings-reveal-most-powerful-solar-storm-ever-1833028

pt

"48 Hours: A Novel" by William R. Forstchen
https://www.amazon.com/48-Hours-William-R-Forstchen/dp/0765397935/

Thanks! I was sure you'd come through.

pt

On 10/11/2023 4:45 PM, pete...@gmail.com wrote:

On Wednesday, October 11, 2023 at 5:29:32 PM UTC-4, Lynn McGuire wrote: >>> On 10/9/2023 4:30 PM, pete...@gmail.com wrote:

I know that Lynn is partial to the burgeoning post-EMP survival
novel genre (Goodreads lists over 100 of them). Mostly, they seem to
be imposed on (usually) the US by a nefarious foreign power,
exploding nukes high in the atmosphere.

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made
EMPs. The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found
far more powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and
affect the whole planet simultaneously.

Have such natural events been used as the hook for a story?
https://www.newsweek.com/tree-rings-reveal-most-powerful-solar-storm-ever-1833028

pt

"48 Hours: A Novel" by William R. Forstchen
https://www.amazon.com/48-Hours-William-R-Forstchen/dp/0765397935/

Thanks! I was sure  you'd come through.

pt

You are welcome.  I assume that you saw "The Maze Runner" post too. That
was not a solitary event but the Sun got hotter for the time being.

Lynn

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made EMPs
The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found far more powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and affect
the whole planet simultaneously.

[just about everything snipped, leaving just one paragraph for
reference]

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made
EMPs The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found far
more powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and affect
the whole planet simultaneously.

Looks like the Wall Street Journal has a lurker here:

[WSJ]
THE FUTURE OF EVERYTHING

The Next Big Solar Storm Could Fry the Grid

Scientists are using artificial intelligence to better predict what the
sun will do and give Earth more warning to protect satellites and
electronics

One day, you wake up, and the power is out. You try to get information
on your phone, and you have no internet access. Gradually you discover millions of people across the U.S. are in the same situation - one that
will bring months or years of rebuilding.

A gigantic solar storm has hit Earth.
=====
rest (freebie/gifted URL]

https://www.wsj.com/science/environment/solar-storm-early-warning-

One day, you wake up, and the power is out. You try to get information=20 >>on your phone, and you have no internet access. Gradually you discover=20 >>millions of people across the U.S. are in the same situation - one that=20 >>will bring months or years of rebuilding.

I wonder how soon those printed newpaper boxes will re-appear?

Of course, that presupposes that the presses will still run.

[just about everything snipped, leaving just one paragraph for reference]

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made EMPs
The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found far more
powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and affect
the whole planet simultaneously.

Looks like the Wall Street Journal has a lurker here:

[WSJ]
THE FUTURE OF EVERYTHING

The Next Big Solar Storm Could Fry the Grid

Scientists are using artificial intelligence to better predict what the sun >will do and give Earth more warning to protect satellites and electronics

One day, you wake up, and the power is out. You try to get information
on your phone, and you have no internet access. Gradually you discover >millions of people across the U.S. are in the same situation - one that
will bring months or years of rebuilding.

pete...@gmail.com <petertrei@gmail.com> wrote:

But there are natural phenomena which can match or surpass man made EMPs. The Carrington event is long known, but recently we've found far more powerful 'Miyake Events', which can be 10x as powerful, and affect the whole planet simultaneously.

Different things altogether. The Carrington Event is a big fast risetime
RF pulse... we got one in August of '72 that set off mines in Hanoi harbor --scott

and it cites an article in _Space Weather_ from 2018 by Knipp, Fraser, Shea >and Smart that states that this event was likely to have been comparable to >the Carrington event in some respects.

A few months before, in February of 1972, the HP-35 went on sale, and as
we know, the HP-35 calculators in existence weren't all fried - or even mos= >tly
fried - in August.

I've found both dimensions and die shots for the AMI versions of two of the >microchips in the HP-35; I'm hoping, though, to find an explicit reference = >to
what process these PMOS chips were made in. I found one statement, in a
ROM die shot elsewhere, that the feature size is 10 um, which is believable=

Quadibloc <jsa...@ecn.ab.ca> wrote: >https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1972_solar_storms

and it cites an article in _Space Weather_ from 2018 by Knipp, Fraser, Shea >and Smart that states that this event was likely to have been comparable to >the Carrington event in some respects.

Yes, but by 1972 we knew stuff like that happened, so telephone circuits all had resistive fuses and MOVs. A lot of fuses blew and had to be replaced, and radio communications was screwed up for a couple weeks. People were getting BBC TV on the east coast of the US and bringing their sets in for repair because they couldn't keep the picture from rolling and the fine tuning wouldn't get both the sound and the picture at the same time.

Among the things Scott Dorsey wrote:

Quadibloc <jsa...@ecn.ab.ca> wrote:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1972_solar_storms

and it cites an article in _Space Weather_ from 2018 by Knipp, Fraser, Shea
and Smart that states that this event was likely to have been comparable to
the Carrington event in some respects.

Yes, but by 1972 we knew stuff like that happened, so telephone circuits all
had resistive fuses and MOVs. A lot of fuses blew and had to be replaced, >> and radio communications was screwed up for a couple weeks. People were
getting BBC TV on the east coast of the US and bringing their sets in for >> repair because they couldn't keep the picture from rolling and the fine
tuning wouldn't get both the sound and the picture at the same time.

That certainly sounds odd. I know British TV was encoded differently from North American TV, more scan lines and at a different frame rate, and -of course- their colour information was formatted differently from our color. Sound is (well, was) just FM

Among the things Scott Dorsey wrote:

and radio communications was screwed up for a couple weeks. People were= >=20
getting BBC TV on the east coast of the US and bringing their sets in for= >=20
repair because they couldn't keep the picture from rolling and the fine= >=20
tuning wouldn't get both the sound and the picture at the same time.

That certainly sounds odd. I know British TV was encoded differently from = >North American TV, more scan lines and at a different frame rate, and -of c= >ourse- their colour information was formatted differently from our color. = >Sound is (well, was) just FM radio, but in the bandwidth of frequencies for=
each respective channel (IIRC and our entire FM radio band is between what= was channels 6 and 7). Which causes me to realize I don't even know what =
frequencies BBCTV transmitted on.