Alcohol use in young adults is associated with early aging of blood
vessels

Date:
August 23, 2021
Source:
European Society of Cardiology
Summary:
Drinking alcohol during adolescence to young adulthood is associated
with accelerated arterial stiffening, a precursor to cardiovascular
disease, according to a new study.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Drinking alcohol during adolescence to young adulthood is associated
with accelerated arterial stiffening, a precursor to cardiovascular
disease. That's the finding of a study presented at ESC Congress 2021.1

========================================================================== "There was some evidence of a graded increase with heavier usage,
meaning that the more you drink, the greater the increase in arterial stiffness," said study author Mr. Hugo Walford, a medical student at
University College London, UK.

"The relationship was not explained by other predisposing factors for
heart disease, suggesting that risky behaviour during this period has a
direct effect on vascular health." As people get older, their arteries naturally become stiffer and less elastic.

Stiffer arteries are associated with higher risks of heart disease and
stroke.2 Certain behaviours can accelerate arterial stiffening. For
example, previous research has shown that smoking tobacco and drinking
alcohol are linked with stiffer arteries in teenagers.3 As young adulthood
is a critical period for initiation and heavy usage of smoking and
alcohol, this study focused on changes in arterial stiffness between
the ages of 17 and 24 and the relationship with these habits.

The study included 1,655 participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of
Parents And Children (ALSPAC) aged 17 to 24 years. Alcohol and smoking
were measured at ages 17 and 24 and results at the two time points
were combined. Alcohol use was classified as never, medium (4 drinks or
less on a typical day of drinking), and high (more than 5 drinks on a
typical drinking day). Smoking was categorised as never, past, medium
(less than 10 cigarettes a day), and high (10 or more cigarettes daily).

Arterial stiffness was assessed at ages 17 and 24 using a non-invasive technique called carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, which is a robust
and independent predictor of future cardiovascular disease, especially
in young people.4 The researchers examined associations between smoking
and drinking habits and changes in arterial stiffness between ages 17 and
24. The analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic status,
plus the following measures at age 24: body mass index, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, blood glucose, and C-reactive protein (a measure of inflammation).



========================================================================== Alcohol consumption between the ages of 17 to 24 was classified
as never, medium, and high in 7%, 52%, and 41% of participants,
respectively. Smoking during that time was categorised as never, past,
medium, and high in 37%, 35%, 23%, and 5% of participants, respectively.

Arterial stiffness increased by an average of 10.3% from age 17 to 24,
with a slightly greater increase observed in women than in men. Arterial stiffness increased with each point rise in the average alcohol score. No graded increase in arterial stiffness was seen with the average smoking
score. While high intensity smokers had a numerically greater increase
in arterial stiffness than never smokers, this only reached statistical significance in women. Changes in arterial stiffness between ages 17
and 24 did not differ between ex-smokers and never smokers.

Mr. Walford said: "The results suggest that arterial damage occurs
in young drinkers and young women who smoke heavily. Never smokers and ex-smokers had similar alterations in arterial stiffness, indicating that quitting can restore vascular health at this young age." He concluded:
"Binge drinking is often a normal experience for students, and a
falling smoking prevalence in the UK is challenged by a sharp rise in e- cigarette use. Young people may believe that drinking and smoking do
not cause long-term damage. However, these results indicate that these behaviours could put young people on a life-course trajectory starting
with early arterial stiffening, which may eventually lead to heart disease
and stroke." References 1Abstract title: Arterial stiffness increase from adolescence to young adulthood is accelerated by smoking and alcohol use.



========================================================================== 2Mattace-Raso FUS, van der Cammen TJM, Hofman A, et al. Arterial
stiffness and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: the Rotterdam
Study. Circulation.

2006;113:657-663.

3Charakida M, Georgiopoulos G, Dangardt F, et al. Early vascular damage
from smoking and alcohol in teenage years: the ALSPAC study. Eur Heart
J. 2019;40: 345-353.

4Ben-Shlomo Y, Spears M, Boustred C, et al. Aortic pulse wave velocity
improves cardiovascular event prediction: an individual participant meta-analysis of prospective observational data from 17,635 subjects. J
Am Coll Cardiol.

2014;63:636-646.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by European_Society_of_Cardiology. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


==========================================================================


Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/08/210823104314.htm

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