A diet rich in plant-based products reduces the risk of cognitive
impairment in the elderly
Metabolomics to study the impact of diet on health

Date:
December 9, 2021
Source:
University of Barcelona
Summary:
A diet rich in plant products reduces the risk of cognitive
impairment and dementia in the elderly.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
A diet rich in plant products reduces the risk of cognitive impairment
and dementia in the elderly. This is the result of a study by the
Biomarkers and Nutritional Food Metabolomics Research Group of the
Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences of the University of Barcelona
(UB) and the CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES).


==========================================================================
The paper, published in the journal Molecular Nutrition and Food Research,
is led by Cristina Andre's-Lacueva, professor at the Faculty of Pharmacy
and Food Sciences and head of the Biomarkers and Nutritional Metabolomics
of Food Research Group of the UB and the Biomedical Research Network
Center in Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), which is also part of
the Food Innovation Network of Catalonia (XIA).

This European study, part of the Joint Programming Initiative "A Healthy
Diet for a Healthy Life" (JPI HDHL), was carried out over 12 years with
the participation of 842 people aged over 65 in the Bordeaux and Dijon
regions (France).

Metabolomics to study the impact of diet on health The study analyses the relationship between the metabolism of dietary components, intestinal microbiota, endogenous metabolism and cognitive impairment. As
Mireia Urpi'-Sarda`, from the Department of Nutrition, Food Science
and Gastronomy and CIBERFES, notes, "what we analysed in the cohorts
under study is the modulating role of the diet in the risk of suffering cognitive impairment." Urpi'-Sarda` points out that "the results show a significant association between these processes and certain metabolites."
The results reveal a protective association between metabolites derived
from cocoa, coffee, mushrooms and red wine, microbial metabolism of polyphenol-rich foods (apple, cocoa, green tea, blueberries, oranges or pomegranates) and cognitive impairment in the elderly.

The analysis of plasma samples indicated that some metabolites are related
to the progression of cognitive impairment and dementia. As Professor
Cristina Andre's-Lacueva explains, "for example, 2-furoylglycine and 3-methylanthine, which are biomarkers of coffee and cocoa consumption,
had a protective profile, while saccharin -derived from the consumption
of artificial sweeteners- is associated with a damaging role." Merce`
Palla`s, professor at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and member
of the Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro) of the UB, stresses that "the
study of the relationship between cognitive impairment, the metabolism
of the microbiota and food and endogenous metabolism is essential to
develop preventive and therapeutic strategies that help to take care of
our cognitive health." Dietary changes for a healthy cognitive aging Therefore, changes in lifestyle and diet are decisive as a strategy to
prevent cognitive deterioration and its progression in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and other dementias. "A higher intake of
fruits, vegetables and plant-based foods provides polyphenols and other bioactive compounds that could help reduce the risk of cognitive decline
due to ageing," says Cristina Andre's-Lacueva.

Teams from the Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic
Chemistry of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and the
Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics of the Faculty of
Biology have also participated in the study. The University of Bordeaux
and the INRAE Center of the University Clermont-Ferrand (France),
King's College London (United Kingdom), the University of Amsterdam (Netherlands) and the Paracelsus Medical Private University (Austria)
have also collaborated in the study. The research has received funding
from the International Joint Programming Actions PCIN-2015- 229, from
the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) and from the former
Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO), through
the Joint Programming Initiative "A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life." ========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by University_of_Barcelona. Note:
Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Rau'l Gonza'lez‐Domi'nguez, Pol Castellano‐Escuder,
Francisco
Carmona, Sophie Lefe`vre‐Arbogast, Dorrain Y. Low, Andrea Du
Preez, Silvie R. Ruigrok, Claudine Manach, Mireia Urpi‐Sarda,
Aniko Korosi, Paul J. Lucassen, Ludwig Aigner, Merce` Palla`s,
Sandrine Thuret, Ce'cilia Samieri, Alex Sa'nchez‐Pla,
Cristina Andres‐Lacueva.

Food and Microbiota Metabolites Associate with Cognitive Decline
in Older Subjects: A 12‐Year Prospective Study. Molecular
Nutrition & Food Research, 2021; 65 (23): 2100606 DOI:
10.1002/mnfr.202100606 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/12/211209124448.htm

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