• Re: Wimbledon and the PPM

    From Scott@21:1/5 to somewhere@large.in.the.world on Wed Jul 6 09:46:54 2022
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 09:17:41 +0100, SimonM
    <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:

    It takes a lot to get my better half at all
    interested in sound.

    Last night's Norrie match was one such, however.

    If I had to sum up the mix in one word, it would
    probably be unprintable.

    It's fair to point out that the umpire didn't do
    much to control the spectators' rather undignified
    yelling, however, the sound mixer has mics in
    helpful positions, faders, and, one hopes, also
    some discretion.

    Neither of the latter two seem to have been used.

    There were several points that the umpire ordered
    to be replayed for reasons unknown (he was
    unintelligible). On other occasions, the
    commentators were also unintelligible, because of
    the yelling (from separate mics -- they are, after
    all probably using 4104s and behind glass).

    If I wanted to be deafened by uncouth people, of
    course I'd go there in person.

    I really don't need an apparently amateur sound
    super to imitate the 'being there' discomfort to
    the fullest extent possible. I expect if I had 5.1
    surround I could make out where each individual
    hooligan was sitting, etc. What a great technical
    improvement.

    I obviously haven't 'got' with the modern age,
    where evidently-drunk fools' utterances are more
    important than the actual tennis. I'm afraid I
    come from a past where one routinely made sure the
    important stuff could actually be heard.

    Does anybody else remember checking for mono
    compatibility, and using 'squawk-boxes' to confirm
    how things sounded on tinny speakers? We used to
    think it mattered if the bulk of our audience
    could hear things clearly.

    I know: experienced hands retire, and in the brave
    new freelance world, I fear the directors get what
    they ask for, without any counter arguments being
    put to them. Nobody dares any more.

    I am reminded of the mythical 'directors' boxes'
    in dubbing - with unused knobs they could twiddle
    pointlessly, whilst the mixer got on with the real
    job. There must be room for something similar in
    those modern trucks with the clever expanding
    sides, surely?

    The BBC managed to do this well for decades. Now
    quite frankly it should be ashamed of itself.

    I don't know if this is practical but I have always thought there
    should be two soundtracks (using the language option) for a choice
    between studio sound and stadium sound. For football they could offer
    a choice of Rangers commentary or Celtic commentary.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From SimonM@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 09:17:41 2022
    It takes a lot to get my better half at all
    interested in sound.

    Last night's Norrie match was one such, however.

    If I had to sum up the mix in one word, it would
    probably be unprintable.

    It's fair to point out that the umpire didn't do
    much to control the spectators' rather undignified
    yelling, however, the sound mixer has mics in
    helpful positions, faders, and, one hopes, also
    some discretion.

    Neither of the latter two seem to have been used.

    There were several points that the umpire ordered
    to be replayed for reasons unknown (he was
    unintelligible). On other occasions, the
    commentators were also unintelligible, because of
    the yelling (from separate mics -- they are, after
    all probably using 4104s and behind glass).

    If I wanted to be deafened by uncouth people, of
    course I'd go there in person.

    I really don't need an apparently amateur sound
    super to imitate the 'being there' discomfort to
    the fullest extent possible. I expect if I had 5.1
    surround I could make out where each individual
    hooligan was sitting, etc. What a great technical
    improvement.

    I obviously haven't 'got' with the modern age,
    where evidently-drunk fools' utterances are more
    important than the actual tennis. I'm afraid I
    come from a past where one routinely made sure the
    important stuff could actually be heard.

    Does anybody else remember checking for mono
    compatibility, and using 'squawk-boxes' to confirm
    how things sounded on tinny speakers? We used to
    think it mattered if the bulk of our audience
    could hear things clearly.

    I know: experienced hands retire, and in the brave
    new freelance world, I fear the directors get what
    they ask for, without any counter arguments being
    put to them. Nobody dares any more.

    I am reminded of the mythical 'directors' boxes'
    in dubbing - with unused knobs they could twiddle
    pointlessly, whilst the mixer got on with the real
    job. There must be room for something similar in
    those modern trucks with the clever expanding
    sides, surely?

    The BBC managed to do this well for decades. Now
    quite frankly it should be ashamed of itself.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Brian Gaff@21:1/5 to SimonM on Wed Jul 6 09:52:34 2022
    Yes you get similar issues in horse racing as well. Suddenly you hear the
    level reduced as if the mixer only had switches and no pots.
    Still a couple of days ago they let Cliff sing again at Wimbledon. A bit
    flat though.
    Brian

    --

    --:
    This newsgroup posting comes to you directly from...
    The Sofa of Brian Gaff...
    briang1@blueyonder.co.uk
    Blind user, so no pictures please
    Note this Signature is meaningless.!
    "SimonM" <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote in message news:ta3gf6$2ia$1@dont-email.me...
    It takes a lot to get my better half at all interested in sound.

    Last night's Norrie match was one such, however.

    If I had to sum up the mix in one word, it would probably be unprintable.

    It's fair to point out that the umpire didn't do much to control the spectators' rather undignified yelling, however, the sound mixer has mics
    in helpful positions, faders, and, one hopes, also some discretion.

    Neither of the latter two seem to have been used.

    There were several points that the umpire ordered to be replayed for
    reasons unknown (he was unintelligible). On other occasions, the
    commentators were also unintelligible, because of the yelling (from
    separate mics -- they are, after all probably using 4104s and behind
    glass).

    If I wanted to be deafened by uncouth people, of course I'd go there in person.

    I really don't need an apparently amateur sound super to imitate the
    'being there' discomfort to the fullest extent possible. I expect if I had 5.1 surround I could make out where each individual hooligan was sitting, etc. What a great technical improvement.

    I obviously haven't 'got' with the modern age, where evidently-drunk
    fools' utterances are more important than the actual tennis. I'm afraid I come from a past where one routinely made sure the important stuff could actually be heard.

    Does anybody else remember checking for mono compatibility, and using 'squawk-boxes' to confirm how things sounded on tinny speakers? We used to think it mattered if the bulk of our audience could hear things clearly.

    I know: experienced hands retire, and in the brave new freelance world, I fear the directors get what they ask for, without any counter arguments
    being put to them. Nobody dares any more.

    I am reminded of the mythical 'directors' boxes' in dubbing - with unused knobs they could twiddle pointlessly, whilst the mixer got on with the
    real job. There must be room for something similar in those modern trucks with the clever expanding sides, surely?

    The BBC managed to do this well for decades. Now quite frankly it should
    be ashamed of itself.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Brian Gaff@21:1/5 to Scott on Wed Jul 6 09:56:44 2022
    I know on football you often find people listening to the radio for the commentary and watching the screen for pictures.

    Not that I care, but I did find it annoying on F1 this weekend when the
    chaps talking in the studio kept making comments and nobody thought to tell
    the blind what actually had occurred until much later on.
    Brian

    --

    --:
    This newsgroup posting comes to you directly from...
    The Sofa of Brian Gaff...
    briang1@blueyonder.co.uk
    Blind user, so no pictures please
    Note this Signature is meaningless.!
    "Scott" <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote in message news:jpiach1vsqsusomltsu9c1jvho693k5op2@4ax.com...
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 09:17:41 +0100, SimonM
    <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:

    It takes a lot to get my better half at all
    interested in sound.

    Last night's Norrie match was one such, however.

    If I had to sum up the mix in one word, it would
    probably be unprintable.

    It's fair to point out that the umpire didn't do
    much to control the spectators' rather undignified
    yelling, however, the sound mixer has mics in
    helpful positions, faders, and, one hopes, also
    some discretion.

    Neither of the latter two seem to have been used.

    There were several points that the umpire ordered
    to be replayed for reasons unknown (he was
    unintelligible). On other occasions, the
    commentators were also unintelligible, because of
    the yelling (from separate mics -- they are, after
    all probably using 4104s and behind glass).

    If I wanted to be deafened by uncouth people, of
    course I'd go there in person.

    I really don't need an apparently amateur sound
    super to imitate the 'being there' discomfort to
    the fullest extent possible. I expect if I had 5.1
    surround I could make out where each individual
    hooligan was sitting, etc. What a great technical
    improvement.

    I obviously haven't 'got' with the modern age,
    where evidently-drunk fools' utterances are more
    important than the actual tennis. I'm afraid I
    come from a past where one routinely made sure the
    important stuff could actually be heard.

    Does anybody else remember checking for mono
    compatibility, and using 'squawk-boxes' to confirm
    how things sounded on tinny speakers? We used to
    think it mattered if the bulk of our audience
    could hear things clearly.

    I know: experienced hands retire, and in the brave
    new freelance world, I fear the directors get what
    they ask for, without any counter arguments being
    put to them. Nobody dares any more.

    I am reminded of the mythical 'directors' boxes'
    in dubbing - with unused knobs they could twiddle
    pointlessly, whilst the mixer got on with the real
    job. There must be room for something similar in
    those modern trucks with the clever expanding
    sides, surely?

    The BBC managed to do this well for decades. Now
    quite frankly it should be ashamed of itself.

    I don't know if this is practical but I have always thought there
    should be two soundtracks (using the language option) for a choice
    between studio sound and stadium sound. For football they could offer
    a choice of Rangers commentary or Celtic commentary.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From charles@21:1/5 to SimonM on Wed Jul 6 09:56:27 2022
    In article <ta3gf6$2ia$1@dont-email.me>,
    SimonM <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:
    It takes a lot to get my better half at all
    interested in sound.

    Last night's Norrie match was one such, however.

    If I had to sum up the mix in one word, it would
    probably be unprintable.

    It's fair to point out that the umpire didn't do
    much to control the spectators' rather undignified
    yelling, however, the sound mixer has mics in
    helpful positions, faders, and, one hopes, also
    some discretion.

    Neither of the latter two seem to have been used.

    There were several points that the umpire ordered
    to be replayed for reasons unknown (he was
    unintelligible). On other occasions, the
    commentators were also unintelligible, because of
    the yelling (from separate mics -- they are, after
    all probably using 4104s and behind glass).

    If I wanted to be deafened by uncouth people, of
    course I'd go there in person.

    I really don't need an apparently amateur sound
    super to imitate the 'being there' discomfort to
    the fullest extent possible. I expect if I had 5.1
    surround I could make out where each individual
    hooligan was sitting, etc. What a great technical
    improvement.

    I obviously haven't 'got' with the modern age,
    where evidently-drunk fools' utterances are more
    important than the actual tennis. I'm afraid I
    come from a past where one routinely made sure the
    important stuff could actually be heard.

    Does anybody else remember checking for mono
    compatibility, and using 'squawk-boxes' to confirm
    how things sounded on tinny speakers? We used to
    think it mattered if the bulk of our audience
    could hear things clearly.

    I know: experienced hands retire, and in the brave
    new freelance world, I fear the directors get what
    they ask for, without any counter arguments being
    put to them. Nobody dares any more.

    I am reminded of the mythical 'directors' boxes'
    in dubbing - with unused knobs they could twiddle
    pointlessly, whilst the mixer got on with the real
    job. There must be room for something similar in
    those modern trucks with the clever expanding
    sides, surely?

    The BBC managed to do this well for decades. Now
    quite frankly it should be ashamed of itself.

    As I understod it, OBs have been "contracted out" for many years.

    --
    from KT24 in Surrey, England
    "I'd rather die of exhaustion than die of boredom" Thomas Carlyle

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Mark Carver@21:1/5 to charles on Wed Jul 6 10:41:19 2022
    On 06/07/2022 09:56, charles wrote:
    In article <ta3gf6$2ia$1@dont-email.me>,
    SimonM <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:
    It takes a lot to get my better half at all
    interested in sound.
    Last night's Norrie match was one such, however.
    If I had to sum up the mix in one word, it would
    probably be unprintable.
    It's fair to point out that the umpire didn't do
    much to control the spectators' rather undignified
    yelling, however, the sound mixer has mics in
    helpful positions, faders, and, one hopes, also
    some discretion.
    Neither of the latter two seem to have been used.
    There were several points that the umpire ordered
    to be replayed for reasons unknown (he was
    unintelligible). On other occasions, the
    commentators were also unintelligible, because of
    the yelling (from separate mics -- they are, after
    all probably using 4104s and behind glass).
    If I wanted to be deafened by uncouth people, of
    course I'd go there in person.
    I really don't need an apparently amateur sound
    super to imitate the 'being there' discomfort to
    the fullest extent possible. I expect if I had 5.1
    surround I could make out where each individual
    hooligan was sitting, etc. What a great technical
    improvement.
    I obviously haven't 'got' with the modern age,
    where evidently-drunk fools' utterances are more
    important than the actual tennis. I'm afraid I
    come from a past where one routinely made sure the
    important stuff could actually be heard.
    Does anybody else remember checking for mono
    compatibility, and using 'squawk-boxes' to confirm
    how things sounded on tinny speakers? We used to
    think it mattered if the bulk of our audience
    could hear things clearly.
    I know: experienced hands retire, and in the brave
    new freelance world, I fear the directors get what
    they ask for, without any counter arguments being
    put to them. Nobody dares any more.
    I am reminded of the mythical 'directors' boxes'
    in dubbing - with unused knobs they could twiddle
    pointlessly, whilst the mixer got on with the real
    job. There must be room for something similar in
    those modern trucks with the clever expanding
    sides, surely?
    The BBC managed to do this well for decades. Now
    quite frankly it should be ashamed of itself.
    As I understod it, OBs have been "contracted out" for many years.

    Yes, but the production staff on board the OB trucks are still manned by
    the client broadcaster.

    In the case of Wimbledon the AELTA decided to take away the BBC's status
    as host broadcaster about five years ago ,
    and created an in house operation, WBS. NEP provide the technical
    facilities, WBS produce the coverage.
    However, the production staff for WBS were recruited from BBC Sport.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From SimonM@21:1/5 to Scott on Wed Jul 6 10:21:47 2022
    On 06/07/2022 09:46, Scott wrote:
    I don't know if this is practical but I have always thought there
    should be two soundtracks (using the language option) for a choice
    between studio sound and stadium sound. For football they could offer
    a choice of Rangers commentary or Celtic commentary.

    That would be wonderful - they might even have a
    "partisan/balanced" switch in a telly menu
    somewhere (with a submenu to select your team,
    obviously), and for Celtic/Rangers a choice of
    translation... :-)

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Andy Burns@21:1/5 to Brian Gaff on Wed Jul 6 10:47:08 2022
    Brian Gaff wrote:

    I did find it annoying on F1 this weekend when the
    chaps talking in the studio kept making comments and nobody thought to tell the blind what actually had occurred until much later on.

    They didn't tell the sighted what had occurred either, and certainly didn't show
    replays or alternate camera angles for a long time ... twitter did though.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Scott@21:1/5 to somewhere@large.in.the.world on Wed Jul 6 11:33:30 2022
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 10:21:47 +0100, SimonM
    <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:

    On 06/07/2022 09:46, Scott wrote:
    I don't know if this is practical but I have always thought there
    should be two soundtracks (using the language option) for a choice
    between studio sound and stadium sound. For football they could offer
    a choice of Rangers commentary or Celtic commentary.

    That would be wonderful - they might even have a
    "partisan/balanced" switch in a telly menu
    somewhere (with a submenu to select your team,
    obviously), and for Celtic/Rangers a choice of
    translation... :-)

    And subtitles like the karaoke machine to sing along :-)

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Mary Wolstenholme@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 12:51:24 2022
    What's the PPM?

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From J. P. Gilliver (John)@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 13:47:58 2022
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 at 09:46:54, Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk>
    wrote (my responses usually FOLLOW):
    []
    I don't know if this is practical but I have always thought there
    should be two soundtracks (using the language option) for a choice
    between studio sound and stadium sound. For football they could offer
    a choice of Rangers commentary or Celtic commentary.

    I haven't looked for the current Wimbledon - I'm not that interested in
    the sport, though sometimes have left it on after the lunchtime news as
    I find the pok, pok, pok, cheer noises restful and summery (I'm not
    usually actually _watching_!) - but don't they use the multiple-sound facilities to offer a commentary-free version? I thought they did, and
    for some football matches and other sports too. (Not that that would
    overcome the criticisms of the OP here, that louts in the crowd were
    intrusive and the umpire was inaudible.)
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Actors are fairly modest...A lot of us have quite a lot to be modest about. - Simon Greenall (voice of Aleksandr the "Simples!" Meerkat), RT 11-17 Dec 2010

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From J. P. Gilliver (John)@21:1/5 to Andy Burns on Wed Jul 6 13:51:33 2022
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 at 10:47:08, Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote
    (my responses usually FOLLOW):
    Brian Gaff wrote:

    I did find it annoying on F1 this weekend when the
    chaps talking in the studio kept making comments and nobody thought to tell >> the blind what actually had occurred until much later on.

    To be fair, AD needs a gap in the speech; I know for prerecorded prog.s,
    if there's a long bit of dialogue with no gaps, they sometimes insert
    the AD _before_ it, but of course they can't do that in a live
    situation. (I didn't see this coverage though so don't know if that was
    the reason.)

    They didn't tell the sighted what had occurred either, and certainly
    didn't show replays or alternate camera angles for a long time ...

    Suggests some incompetence, certainly. Assuming the prog. producers
    actually have all the feeds. (And if they don't, then the buck just
    passes to those who do.)

    twitter did though.

    (-:
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Actors are fairly modest...A lot of us have quite a lot to be modest about. - Simon Greenall (voice of Aleksandr the "Simples!" Meerkat), RT 11-17 Dec 2010

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Andy Burns@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 13:58:30 2022
    J. P. Gilliver (John) wrote:

    Andy Burns wrote:

    They didn't tell the sighted what had occurred either, and certainly didn't >> show replays or alternate camera angles for a long time ...

    Suggests some incompetence, certainly.

    They were just making sure nobody had died ...

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Roderick Stewart@21:1/5 to mary@easynn.com on Wed Jul 6 14:01:42 2022
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?

    Peak Programme Meter.

    A meter standardised by the BBC to enable consistent control of audio
    levels. It was developed in the 1930s to do something that some
    apparently still have difficulty with today.

    Rod.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Roderick Stewart@21:1/5 to G6JPG@255soft.uk on Wed Jul 6 14:31:08 2022
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 14:20:32 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver (John)"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 at 14:01:42, Roderick Stewart ><rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote (my responses usually FOLLOW):
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?

    Peak Programme Meter.

    A meter standardised by the BBC to enable consistent control of audio >>levels. It was developed in the 1930s to do something that some
    apparently still have difficulty with today.

    Rod.

    Sometimes with two pointers, one with a slower decay than the other; LED >equivalents sometimes (I think virtually always in the case of sound
    software that _simulates_ an LED "meter") have a bar for the fast
    movement and a dot for the slow.

    I think when they have only one pointer, if it's a BBC-type PPM, it's
    the slow one, so it shows (prolongs) the peaks, hence the name.

    I thought the ones with two pointers were for stereo? I've also seen
    side by side pairs of double pointer PPMs, one with red and green
    pointers for left and right, and the other with different colours
    (white and yellow?) for sum and difference.

    Rod.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From J. P. Gilliver (John)@21:1/5 to rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk on Wed Jul 6 14:20:32 2022
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 at 14:01:42, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote (my responses usually FOLLOW):
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?

    Peak Programme Meter.

    A meter standardised by the BBC to enable consistent control of audio
    levels. It was developed in the 1930s to do something that some
    apparently still have difficulty with today.

    Rod.

    Sometimes with two pointers, one with a slower decay than the other; LED equivalents sometimes (I think virtually always in the case of sound
    software that _simulates_ an LED "meter") have a bar for the fast
    movement and a dot for the slow.

    I think when they have only one pointer, if it's a BBC-type PPM, it's
    the slow one, so it shows (prolongs) the peaks, hence the name.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Actors are fairly modest...A lot of us have quite a lot to be modest about. - Simon Greenall (voice of Aleksandr the "Simples!" Meerkat), RT 11-17 Dec 2010

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Scott@21:1/5 to rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk on Wed Jul 6 15:09:41 2022
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 14:01:42 +0100, Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?

    Peak Programme Meter.

    Maybe not quite the same but I remember when tape recorders had
    similar meters. It was never clear whether the aim was to keep the
    needle out of the red or out of the red most of the time with
    occasional peaks in the red area. I was told the latter, on the basis
    that the main aim was to keep the sound level subjectively constant.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From SimonM@21:1/5 to Scott on Wed Jul 6 15:33:35 2022
    On 06/07/2022 15:09, Scott wrote:
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 14:01:42 +0100, Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?

    Peak Programme Meter.

    Maybe not quite the same but I remember when tape recorders had
    similar meters. It was never clear whether the aim was to keep the
    needle out of the red or out of the red most of the time with
    occasional peaks in the red area. I was told the latter, on the basis
    that the main aim was to keep the sound level subjectively constant.

    There is no 'red' on a PPM's scale anywhere -
    almost always white numbering on black (see my
    other post).

    It's a broadcast meter, not usually found in
    domestic kit (High-end Revox a possible exception)
    although excellent for recordings too.

    The design brief in the 1930s was to make best use
    of the roughly 26dB dynamic range available in the
    transmission chain. That really hasn't changed.
    the chain may have a better s/n ratio, but the
    places we listen in don't.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Mark Carver@21:1/5 to Scott on Wed Jul 6 15:40:48 2022
    On 06/07/2022 15:09, Scott wrote:
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 14:01:42 +0100, Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?
    Peak Programme Meter.

    Maybe not quite the same but I remember when tape recorders had
    similar meters. It was never clear whether the aim was to keep the
    needle out of the red or out of the red most of the time with
    occasional peaks in the red area. I was told the latter, on the basis
    that the main aim was to keep the sound level subjectively constant.
    You're thinking of a VU meter, and its cousins. As Simon says, PPM
    meters are used in broadcasting, and not just here but in other
    countries too, but notably NOT in North America.

    There is one story I heard, that when CBS hired Studio 1 at The London
    Studios (nee LWT) for a week's worth of David Letterman's chat show,
    they requested to have all the PPM meters on the audio desk replaced
    with VUs !

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From SimonM@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 15:27:30 2022
    On 06/07/2022 14:20, J. P. Gilliver (John) wrote:

    Sometimes with two pointers, one with a slower
    decay than the other; LED equivalents sometimes (I
    think virtually always in the case of sound
    software that _simulates_ an LED "meter") have a
    bar for the fast movement and a dot for the slow.

    I think when they have only one pointer, if it's a
    BBC-type PPM, it's the slow one, so it shows
    (prolongs) the peaks, hence the name.

    Wrong at many levels. I'm sure Wikipedia has
    something about this but anyway:

    PPMs were/are used by many broadcasters, and there
    are international standards describing their
    behaviour.

    Various printed scale types exist, including the
    TPM ("Test Programme Meter"), and the EBU variant,
    both of which have more scale divisions between
    certain numbers (they look very similar), but the
    idea is exactly the same.

    PPMs are voltage-measuring devices and have high
    impedance - any matching termination is external
    to the meter. In contrast, the American-favourite
    VU meters are merely bridge rectifiers and
    originally had to be used in a circuit, which they
    loaded. PPMs go across circuits, logically if not
    actually.

    The scale is 0 to 7 and all bar 0 to 1 are 4dB
    between divisions. I believe valve PPMs had 1 to 2
    as 6dB. The needle also rests on the right (beyond
    "7") when not powered as the spring of the moving
    coil movement was used to provide the rise time.
    Solid-state PPM drivers use conventional moving
    coil meters, but without the copper cylinder found
    in the middle that damps AVOs and the like. Both
    rise time and decay are defined in the standard(s).

    Line-up level is PPM 4, maximum permitted signal
    (normally) is PPM 6, which I think nowadays is
    -12dB WRT 100% of a digital system. In the BBC
    television chain (possibly radio also) there was
    an extra 2dB above 6 before the brutal
    transmission limiters kicked-in. This was fun to
    exploit sometimes!

    The only "slugged" ones I'm aware of were the huge
    meters across the (then) four networks in London
    Control Room (BH). I've never seen one anywhere
    else (possibly transmitter stations) and can't
    imagine why you'd want one.

    One might occasionally come across "yellow spot"
    ones (a spot on the meter's scale), meaning a
    simplified driver circuit was being used, one with
    non-standard ballistics. These were a cost saving
    exercise, nominally for line-up purposes only, but
    usually good enough for general use.

    Twin PPMs:

    Either A and B legs of a stereo signal, or sum and
    difference. The difference needle usually had a
    +20dB pushbutton, so that it could be used for
    precise stereo lineup.

    Normal use was red and green needles for A and B,
    white for sum (i.e. mono) and yellow for
    difference, but most sets of dual needle PPMs
    allowed switching between modes.

    There were other non-standard uses, for example
    carrying record send and replay on a pair of
    needles, for film dubbing (to help match signal
    for opt-ins), and a similar purpose for matching
    local output to network for regional telly opt-outs.

    After my time, there was a change to the standard
    slightly: in my day radio led with stereo. There
    was a 3dB pad in the sum needle so that the meter
    reflected the levels perceived by the ear: with
    tone, 4 on the white needle equated to 3 1/4 on
    the red and green ones. This meant as you panned
    across a stereo soundstage, the needles would more
    reasonably represent what was going on.

    At some point in the 1990s, the 3dB pad was
    altered to 6dB, so that A, B, and M all read the
    same when tone is applied to both channels, and
    thus the A and B channels peak an apparent 3dB
    higher than before. It wasn't broke, dunno why it
    needed 'fixing'. I have a six-needle set (4
    needles plus an auxiliary twin PPM) that has a
    push button to alter this pad between the two
    standards.

    Most PPM circuits work from a 15-0-15 supply and
    accept balanced inputs. The last manufacturer of
    the twin needle movements was Sifam (Earnest
    Turner made the first ones), and they stopped
    manufacture probably a decade ago.

    There have been other versions such as edge-meters
    and optical projection systems, but they have had
    the same impedance, calibrated to the same values
    and the same 0-7 scales.

    I think the 'modulometers' on Nagras had a similar
    range and ballistics, but the scale markings were
    more akin to VU meters.

    Finally, true PPMs do not catch really fast loud
    transients - they are designed not to, as the
    result of BBC experiments done in the 1930s. This
    is supposed to be a bad thing in the digital age,
    however in practice it all depends on the headroom
    allowed for in a digital system. Personally I hat
    'bouncy' peak meters and would use a mechanical
    meter any day...

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From williamwright@21:1/5 to Mark Carver on Wed Jul 6 16:00:23 2022
    On 06/07/2022 15:40, Mark Carver wrote:
    There is one story I heard, that when CBS hired Studio 1 at The London Studios (nee LWT) for a week's worth of David Letterman's chat show,
    they requested to have all the PPM meters on the audio desk replaced
    with VUs !

    Did they want them calibrating in feet and inches?

    Bill

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  • From MB@21:1/5 to Scott on Wed Jul 6 16:23:26 2022
    On 06/07/2022 09:46, Scott wrote:
    I don't know if this is practical but I have always thought there
    should be two soundtracks (using the language option) for a choice
    between studio sound and stadium sound. For football they could offer
    a choice of Rangers commentary or Celtic commentary.

    I thought they alread did that,

    But if you had to very partisan commentaries the you would need a third
    for normal people,

    Perhaps should have male and female commentator channels for the women's football tournament. So the men can moan about how much better male footballers are and the women could point out the male footballers would
    spend their time being stretchered off for broken finger nails.

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  • From Liz Tuddenham@21:1/5 to SimonM on Wed Jul 6 17:41:19 2022
    SimonM <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:

    ...The needle also rests on the right (beyond
    "7") when not powered as the spring of the moving
    coil movement was used to provide the rise time.

    The rise time was determined partly by the time constant of the charging circuit for the reservoir capacitor and partly by the inertia of the
    moving components (whaich was made as low as possible). The pointer was mounted flat-ways-on to the operator, so as to minimise its air-braking
    effect and prevent it bending if the coil 'kicked'.

    The reason for the RH zero was because the original circuit relied on
    the square-law characteristics of a particular pentode, which were only
    correct if the meter scale zero corresponded to maximum anode current -
    a larger signal gave a lower current. This had the added advantage that
    in the event of a really huge signal cutting off the valve completely,
    the meter never got driven past the mechanical zero, so it was
    overload-proof.

    To get an accurate square-law characteristic, the valve had to have the
    right voltage on the screen grid. This was usually derived from a
    supply which was stabilised by a neon tube and had to be adjusted
    whenever the valve was changed. Manufacturing tolerances meant that
    some valves had to be rejected if they would not line up properly.

    Setting up a valve PPM is quite an art, even with the correct signal
    sources and the pots working smoothly (which they often don't, now they
    are 70 years old); all the adjustments interact.


    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From tony sayer@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 22:58:40 2022
    In article <ta46g0$278b$1@dont-email.me>, SimonM
    <somewhere@large.in.the.world> scribeth thus
    On 06/07/2022 15:09, Scott wrote:
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 14:01:42 +0100, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?

    Peak Programme Meter.

    Maybe not quite the same but I remember when tape recorders had
    similar meters. It was never clear whether the aim was to keep the
    needle out of the red or out of the red most of the time with
    occasional peaks in the red area. I was told the latter, on the basis
    that the main aim was to keep the sound level subjectively constant.

    There is no 'red' on a PPM's scale anywhere -
    almost always white numbering on black (see my
    other post).

    It's a broadcast meter, not usually found in
    domestic kit (High-end Revox a possible exception)
    although excellent for recordings too.

    The design brief in the 1930s was to make best use
    of the roughly 26dB dynamic range available in the
    transmission chain. That really hasn't changed.
    the chain may have a better s/n ratio, but the
    places we listen in don't.




    If your really bored or have too mucho time on your hands Orban have
    IIRC a PPM meter of sorts thats for your computer screen its a Loudness
    meter in the downloads but someone did a PPM PC version can't remember
    who now!..


    http://www.orban-europe.com/downloads/

    --
    Tony Sayer


    Man is least himself when he talks in his own person.

    Give him a keyboard, and he will reveal himself.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From tony sayer@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 23:02:00 2022
    In article <5g3bch5bb0hlgvlh1cah550000uvgv1ele@4ax.com>, Roderick
    Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> scribeth thus
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 14:20:32 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver (John)"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 at 14:01:42, Roderick Stewart >><rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote (my responses usually FOLLOW):
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 12:51:24 +0100, Mary Wolstenholme
    <mary@easynn.com> wrote:

    What's the PPM?

    Peak Programme Meter.

    A meter standardised by the BBC to enable consistent control of audio >>>levels. It was developed in the 1930s to do something that some >>>apparently still have difficulty with today.

    Rod.

    Sometimes with two pointers, one with a slower decay than the other; LED >>equivalents sometimes (I think virtually always in the case of sound >>software that _simulates_ an LED "meter") have a bar for the fast
    movement and a dot for the slow.

    I think when they have only one pointer, if it's a BBC-type PPM, it's
    the slow one, so it shows (prolongs) the peaks, hence the name.


    I thought the ones with two pointers were for stereo? I've also seen
    side by side pairs of double pointer PPMs, one with red and green
    pointers for left and right, and the other with different colours
    (white and yellow?) for sum and difference.

    Rod.

    Yes, got some here:)...

    a bit more info here;!...


    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_programme_meter
    --
    Tony Sayer


    Man is least himself when he talks in his own person.

    Give him a keyboard, and he will reveal himself.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From tony sayer@21:1/5 to All on Wed Jul 6 23:03:48 2022
    In article <1puolr4.1m9bjly99h208N%liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid>,
    Liz Tuddenham <liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid> scribeth thus
    SimonM <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:

    ...The needle also rests on the right (beyond
    "7") when not powered as the spring of the moving
    coil movement was used to provide the rise time.

    The rise time was determined partly by the time constant of the charging >circuit for the reservoir capacitor and partly by the inertia of the
    moving components (whaich was made as low as possible). The pointer was >mounted flat-ways-on to the operator, so as to minimise its air-braking >effect and prevent it bending if the coil 'kicked'.

    The reason for the RH zero was because the original circuit relied on
    the square-law characteristics of a particular pentode, which were only >correct if the meter scale zero corresponded to maximum anode current -
    a larger signal gave a lower current. This had the added advantage that
    in the event of a really huge signal cutting off the valve completely,
    the meter never got driven past the mechanical zero, so it was >overload-proof.

    To get an accurate square-law characteristic, the valve had to have the
    right voltage on the screen grid. This was usually derived from a
    supply which was stabilised by a neon tube and had to be adjusted
    whenever the valve was changed. Manufacturing tolerances meant that
    some valves had to be rejected if they would not line up properly.

    Setting up a valve PPM is quite an art, even with the correct signal
    sources and the pots working smoothly (which they often don't, now they
    are 70 years old); all the adjustments interact.



    Christ! remember doing that many years ago, adjust this twiddle that
    mind the interactions and rinse and repeat!.

    Was at PYE TvT IIRC...

    --
    Tony Sayer


    Man is least himself when he talks in his own person.

    Give him a keyboard, and he will reveal himself.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Roderick Stewart@21:1/5 to All on Thu Jul 7 09:50:02 2022
    On Wed, 6 Jul 2022 23:03:48 +0100, tony sayer <tony@bancom.co.uk>
    wrote:

    In article <1puolr4.1m9bjly99h208N%liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid>,
    Liz Tuddenham <liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid> scribeth thus
    SimonM <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:

    ...The needle also rests on the right (beyond
    "7") when not powered as the spring of the moving
    coil movement was used to provide the rise time.

    The rise time was determined partly by the time constant of the charging >>circuit for the reservoir capacitor and partly by the inertia of the
    moving components (whaich was made as low as possible). The pointer was >>mounted flat-ways-on to the operator, so as to minimise its air-braking >>effect and prevent it bending if the coil 'kicked'.

    The reason for the RH zero was because the original circuit relied on
    the square-law characteristics of a particular pentode, which were only >>correct if the meter scale zero corresponded to maximum anode current -
    a larger signal gave a lower current. This had the added advantage that
    in the event of a really huge signal cutting off the valve completely,
    the meter never got driven past the mechanical zero, so it was >>overload-proof.

    To get an accurate square-law characteristic, the valve had to have the >>right voltage on the screen grid. This was usually derived from a
    supply which was stabilised by a neon tube and had to be adjusted
    whenever the valve was changed. Manufacturing tolerances meant that
    some valves had to be rejected if they would not line up properly.

    Setting up a valve PPM is quite an art, even with the correct signal >>sources and the pots working smoothly (which they often don't, now they
    are 70 years old); all the adjustments interact.



    Christ! remember doing that many years ago, adjust this twiddle that
    mind the interactions and rinse and repeat!.

    Was at PYE TvT IIRC...

    I never had to do this but was told once by somebody who did that the
    best way was to persuade BBC Tech Stores to trust you with the entire
    box of these pentodes so you could select a good one by trying them in
    the meter and then give the rest of the box back. This involved less
    paperwork and less walking than signing out one at a time and
    returning them if they didn't give a good match to the scale markings,
    but it did mean that it became gradually less likely that you'd find a
    good match because eventually all the good ones would be taken and the
    box would be full of rejects. I think (though couldn't possibly prove)
    that a reasonable throughput of new valves was ensured by contriving
    occasional strategic accidents so that the dropped ones would have to
    be replaced.

    Rod.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From jon@21:1/5 to Brian Gaff on Thu Jul 7 10:41:53 2022
    On Wed, 06 Jul 2022 09:52:34 +0100, Brian Gaff wrote:

    Yes you get similar issues in horse racing as well. Suddenly you hear
    the level reduced as if the mixer only had switches and no pots.
    Still a couple of days ago they let Cliff sing again at Wimbledon. A
    bit
    flat though.
    Brian

    I have always thought that narration and background music should be on
    separate stereo channels, so that the background level music can be turned
    down to enhance the narration in documentaries.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Brian Gaff@21:1/5 to williamwright on Thu Jul 7 15:20:52 2022
    I remember having an Amstrad deck, and a Tandberg deck. On the Tandberg
    which had peak meters you could get a clean nice recording with just a tiny
    bit into the read. On the Amstrad Us you had to keep the meters about a
    third of the way up to get the same recording levels, and Sony were not a
    lot better, but Technics on the other hand were like the Tandberg and worked best of all, in my view. Surely the best of all metering should be peak hold ones as we started to see when they using real moving coil meters, just
    before my sight went.
    Brian

    --

    --:
    This newsgroup posting comes to you directly from...
    The Sofa of Brian Gaff...
    briang1@blueyonder.co.uk
    Blind user, so no pictures please
    Note this Signature is meaningless.!
    "williamwright" <wrightsaerials@f2s.com> wrote in message news:jilmc8Fqd3pU1@mid.individual.net...
    On 06/07/2022 15:40, Mark Carver wrote:
    There is one story I heard, that when CBS hired Studio 1 at The London
    Studios (nee LWT) for a week's worth of David Letterman's chat show, they
    requested to have all the PPM meters on the audio desk replaced with VUs
    !

    Did they want them calibrating in feet and inches?

    Bill

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Roderick Stewart@21:1/5 to All on Thu Jul 7 16:25:14 2022
    The BBC PPM is effectively peak hold, but with a numerical definition
    of what counts as a peak. It's been embodied in British Standards
    since the 1930s. I'd have to look it up, but I think it says that a
    2ms burst has to read a certain percentage of the actual peak value.
    The inertia of a galvanometer pointer would normally reduce the
    reading for shorter bursts of sound even if they were the same
    amplitude, so the electronics that drives the meter is designed to
    store the value long enough for the meter to display it properly.
    Bursts of shorter duration would be missed by the meter, but it was
    established experimentally that they could be curtailed by a fast
    acting limiter without audible detriment.

    The intention is of course to produce a workable compromise between
    adequate level to cover background noise while avoiding
    overmodulation, and also presenting credible differences in sound
    levels consistent with the type of programme material. All of this is
    open to interpretation, but the important thing is that all the
    characteristics of the meter are standardised, so that suitably
    trained operators can make consistent judgements in any BBC control
    room equipped with these meters. Regardless of the mechanics of the
    actual meters or the details of the electronics driving them, they are
    all specified to behave visually in the same way.

    Rod.

    On Thu, 7 Jul 2022 15:20:52 +0100, "Brian Gaff" <brian1gaff@gmail.com>
    wrote:

    I remember having an Amstrad deck, and a Tandberg deck. On the Tandberg
    which had peak meters you could get a clean nice recording with just a tiny >bit into the read. On the Amstrad Us you had to keep the meters about a
    third of the way up to get the same recording levels, and Sony were not a
    lot better, but Technics on the other hand were like the Tandberg and worked >best of all, in my view. Surely the best of all metering should be peak hold >ones as we started to see when they using real moving coil meters, just >before my sight went.
    Brian

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  • From Liz Tuddenham@21:1/5 to Roderick Stewart on Thu Jul 7 18:19:59 2022
    Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    [...]
    The intention is of course to produce a workable compromise between
    adequate level to cover background noise while avoiding
    overmodulation, and also presenting credible differences in sound
    levels consistent with the type of programme material. All of this is
    open to interpretation, but the important thing is that all the characteristics of the meter are standardised, so that suitably
    trained operators can make consistent judgements in any BBC control
    room equipped with these meters.

    In addition to objective measurements, there was a large element of 'it
    has to show what you hear subjectively' involved in the design. This
    was extremely successful and is very helpful at showing up hearing
    fatigue when doing difficult transfer work.

    If the PPM doesn't appear to be in agreement with your hearing, go for a
    long walk, then come back and check again. To your amazement, it will
    now agree.

    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Roderick Stewart@21:1/5 to Liz Tuddenham on Fri Jul 8 09:00:25 2022
    On Thu, 7 Jul 2022 18:19:59 +0100, liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid
    (Liz Tuddenham) wrote:

    If the PPM doesn't appear to be in agreement with your hearing, go for a
    long walk, then come back and check again. To your amazement, it will
    now agree.

    :-)

    Rod.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From NY@21:1/5 to Roderick Stewart on Fri Jul 8 22:10:24 2022
    "Roderick Stewart" <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote in message news:k5tdch5ihn6lma43qc631mqpfq48gn3t5b@4ax.com...
    The BBC PPM is effectively peak hold, but with a numerical definition
    of what counts as a peak. It's been embodied in British Standards
    since the 1930s. I'd have to look it up, but I think it says that a
    2ms burst has to read a certain percentage of the actual peak value.
    The inertia of a galvanometer pointer would normally reduce the
    reading for shorter bursts of sound even if they were the same
    amplitude, so the electronics that drives the meter is designed to
    store the value long enough for the meter to display it properly.
    Bursts of shorter duration would be missed by the meter, but it was established experimentally that they could be curtailed by a fast
    acting limiter without audible detriment.

    The intention is of course to produce a workable compromise between
    adequate level to cover background noise while avoiding
    overmodulation, and also presenting credible differences in sound
    levels consistent with the type of programme material. All of this is
    open to interpretation, but the important thing is that all the characteristics of the meter are standardised, so that suitably
    trained operators can make consistent judgements in any BBC control
    room equipped with these meters. Regardless of the mechanics of the
    actual meters or the details of the electronics driving them, they are
    all specified to behave visually in the same way.

    I know this tread is about *sound* levels, but I'd like, if I may, to widen
    it to exposure of pictures, which is a similar problem of peak levels and avoiding maxing-out and hard-limiting.

    I was watching the Djokevic/Norrie tennis match this afternoon (on BBC1 HD, terrestrial) and I was rather horrified at the degree of peak-white clipping
    on pictures. Now it was a very sunny day, and by later afternoon the light
    was very one-sided. And of course the players are wearing white. But I
    noticed that one half of both competitors was featureless white - no detail
    in creases in the clothing etc. I wonder how the racks people are setting
    the exposure. It looks as it if could have done with a good 1/2 to 1 stop of reduced exposure to try to restore a bit more highlight detail to prevent
    the featureless blob effect. How is "correct" exposure judged in extreme conditions like this? Do they measure average exposure (either with incident
    or reflected light meters) or do have equipment that looks at the histogram (proportion of pixels in a frame with each brightness value) and adjusts the exposure to reduce the level at the highlight end to below some acceptable threshold to expose for the highlights?

    It seemed to affect the high-angle camera that looks from behind one
    competitor more than the lower-angle cameras that tended to be used for close-ups during action replays, though some of the wide-angle shots of the spectators on the sunny side of the stadium were truly ghastly.

    I did wonder whether my TV had (unknowingly) some sort of "vibrant picture" setting enabled which deliberately crushes the top n% and bottom m% into
    peak white and "peak" black, in the same way that shops which developed and printed negative film into prints tended to sacrifice a bit of highlight and shadow detail to make the rest of the picture look vibrant: I remember when
    I first tried scanning a colour neg with a computer scanner how much extra highlight detail there was which had been lost in the print as I assumed had been lost on the neg as well.

    So I recorded a bit and watched it on my PC and its monitor, where I'm more confident that the picture is not being "mucked about with" (to use a Terry Pratchett phrase). From memory, I think there may have been a tad more highlight detail but it was still not good.

    Does the compression of studio-quality pictures into those which are
    broadcast on terrestrial/satellite affect the dynamic range and degree of highlight/shadow clipping, or does it just affect the degree of compression artefacts?

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From J. P. Gilliver (John)@21:1/5 to me@privacy.invalid on Fri Jul 8 23:20:27 2022
    On Fri, 8 Jul 2022 at 22:10:24, NY <me@privacy.invalid> wrote (my
    responses usually FOLLOW):
    []
    I know this tread is about *sound* levels, but I'd like, if I may, to

    (I keep seeing the subject line and automatically adding "their second
    album was rubbish".)

    widen it to exposure of pictures, which is a similar problem of peak
    levels and avoiding maxing-out and hard-limiting.

    I was watching the Djokevic/Norrie tennis match this afternoon (on BBC1
    HD, terrestrial) and I was rather horrified at the degree of peak-white >clipping on pictures. Now it was a very sunny day, and by later
    []
    how the racks people are setting the exposure. It looks as it if could
    have done with a good 1/2 to 1 stop of reduced exposure to try to
    []
    Does the compression of studio-quality pictures into those which are >broadcast on terrestrial/satellite affect the dynamic range and degree
    of highlight/shadow clipping, or does it just affect the degree of >compression artefacts?

    As an outsider: are we talking cameras with remote-control irises (or
    whatever the modern equivalent is)? Unless that is the case, presumably
    there's nothing the racks people can _do_ if the camera itself is into clipping.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Security is the perfect excuse to lock you out of your own computer.
    - Mayayana in alt.windows7.general, 2015-12-4

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  • From MB@21:1/5 to All on Sat Jul 9 07:00:38 2022
    On 08/07/2022 23:20, J. P. Gilliver (John) wrote:
    As an outsider: are we talking cameras with remote-control irises (or whatever the modern equivalent is)? Unless that is the case, presumably there's nothing the racks people can_do_ if the camera itself is into clipping.

    I would not have thought there is a great deal that can be done on a
    fast moving live action programme when half the tennis court is in
    bright sunshine and the other half in the shade?

    I take all my still photographs in RAW mode so I can at least choose to
    make the detail in shadows visible but not a lot that be done about the highlights.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Roderick Stewart@21:1/5 to me@privacy.invalid on Sat Jul 9 10:23:56 2022
    On Fri, 8 Jul 2022 22:10:24 +0100, "NY" <me@privacy.invalid> wrote:

    [about vision control with tennis players wearing white]
    How is "correct" exposure judged in extreme
    conditions like this? Do they measure average exposure (either with incident >or reflected light meters) or do have equipment that looks at the histogram >(proportion of pixels in a frame with each brightness value) and adjusts the >exposure to reduce the level at the highlight end to below some acceptable >threshold to expose for the highlights?

    There's no need for light meters with television cameras, because a
    television camera effectively *is* a light meter, i.e. a device that
    converts light levels into a visual indication of some sort. In this
    case, the visual indication is the video signal itself, so that's what
    they use to make their judgements.

    Unless the practice has changed drastically since I left the biz, the
    vision operator (or vision engineer, or whatever the production
    company calls them) will have a picture monitor and a waveform
    monitor, so they can judge subjectively what the picture looks like,
    and also have an objective measure of modulation level for major
    picture elements. The vision operator will have remote servo control
    of the iris in the camera lens, and black level, and maybe a few other electronic adjustments depending on the particular cameras in use. As
    with PPM control of sound levels (which is what began this discussion)
    there are no absolutely "correct" values, just guidelines, and
    judgement, hopefully based on experience and common sense.

    I haven't been involved with this for a while, so if they use
    something other than a waveform monitor with digital cameras, maybe
    someone can enlighten me? A histogram would show the proportions of
    the signal at various amplitudes, but no indication of which parts of
    the picture they belong to, so in my opinion not the best thing to use
    for live television.

    People wearing white on a sunny day against a darker background that
    may be partially in shade is a severe test of the system, even with
    modern cameras. Some cameras have a "soft clipper" circuit that can be
    adjusted to start reducing gain at some level below 100% signal
    voltage, which is a distortion of course because it affects other
    piture components than the white objects that are causing the problem,
    but it can sometimes give subjectively better results. Full adjustment
    of this may or may not be available to the operator, so they may just
    have to make the best compromise with what they've got.

    Rod.

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  • From NY@21:1/5 to All on Sat Jul 9 13:03:01 2022
    On 09/07/2022 07:00, MB wrote:
    On 08/07/2022 23:20, J. P. Gilliver (John) wrote:
    As an outsider: are we talking cameras with remote-control irises (or
    whatever the modern equivalent is)? Unless that is the case, presumably
    there's nothing the racks people can_do_  if the camera itself is into
    clipping.

    I would not have thought there is a great deal that can be done on a
    fast moving live action programme when half the tennis court is in
    bright sunshine and the other half in the shade?

    I take all my still photographs in RAW mode so I can at least choose to
    make the detail in shadows visible but not a lot that be done about the highlights.

    This wasn't the problem where the court was half in sunlight and half in shadow. As the match progressed a shadow was shading one corner of the
    overall grassed area but barely touched the region of play within the
    external lines of the court. Had the match (and coverage of it)
    continued much longer, it could have been a problem with competitors
    moving from sunny to shaded part of the court.

    This was extreme contrast between the lit and unlit side of a person who
    was fully in the sun. They chose the exposure so the shaded side was
    correct and the sunlit side was several stops overexposed, rather than
    the sunlight side was correct and the shaded side was under. Neither
    solution is perfect.


    This was a problem even at the start of the match at about 15:00, when
    the sun was still high in the sky and the whole of the grassy area and
    both sides of the spectators' stands were full sun.

    I wonder if part of the exposure decision is to avoid partial clipping,
    where one or two channels, but not all three, clip - that can cause much
    more intrusive problems with strongly coloured featureless areas rather
    neutral white coloured areas. You see coloured clipping a lot on
    documentaries shot on cheaper cameras (eg given to participants to
    self-shoot): blank orange areas of skin on faces, or garish featureless
    hi-vis jackets (eg on programmes about the running of the railways).
    Hi-vis jackets are a particular problem because some have fluorescent
    inks which convert UV into visible light and so emit more light than is actually shining on them, or else they have a beaded surface like a
    projector screen which concentrate the reflected light in one direction.

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  • From SimonM@21:1/5 to Roderick Stewart on Sat Jul 9 12:47:09 2022
    On 09/07/2022 10:23, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    I haven't been involved with this for a while, so if they use
    something other than a waveform monitor with digital cameras, maybe
    someone can enlighten me? A histogram would show the proportions of
    the signal at various amplitudes, but no indication of which parts of
    the picture they belong to, so in my opinion not the best thing to use
    for live television.

    It would make some sense to stick with waveform
    monitors, since the sensor arrays are analogue,
    digitized when they are read out.

    People wearing white on a sunny day against a darker background that
    may be partially in shade is a severe test of the system, even with
    modern cameras. Some cameras have a "soft clipper" circuit that can be adjusted to start reducing gain at some level below 100% signal
    voltage, which is a distortion of course because it affects other
    piture components than the white objects that are causing the problem,
    but it can sometimes give subjectively better results. Full adjustment
    of this may or may not be available to the operator, so they may just
    have to make the best compromise with what they've got.

    It's a form of peak compression, functionally
    similar to the audio equivalent. Of course you can
    do the same clever stuff with RGB you hinted at
    WRT raw images from stills cameras - not all
    channels will necessarily overload together, and
    the eye/brain tends to regard all really bright
    things as white.

    Also, of course, many cameras have a neutral
    density wheel (or a single filter), between the
    lens mount and the sensor block. In my day this
    was done by the cameraman, but it might be
    automated now - of course it won't help extreme
    contrast in the way a signal 'compressor' might,
    but it can get overall high light levels down to
    manageable.

    I doubt you necessarily want to squash the entire
    contrast range. If, say, Caucasian skintones are
    pegged at 17-18%, you'd expect too-dark shadows on
    a sunny Wimbledon afternoon. The picture needs to
    look natural (after a fashion), and you still need
    to match cameras, too.

    The other issue that still affects OBs is zoom
    ramping - the change of effective aperture,
    usually as the focal length increases* - but I'd
    expect there must be a stored lens profile
    nowadays that will tweak the iris as the focal
    length is changed by the operator. I can't believe
    this isn't accommodated in lens or camera firmware
    (or both). It probably doesn't affect Wimbledon
    much, because of the subject matter, but the
    mega-expensive mega-zooms are very unlikely to be
    constant aperture.

    S.


    *generally speaking, but on some complex zooms
    this isn't even a smooth change.

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  • From Roderick Stewart@21:1/5 to somewhere@large.in.the.world on Sat Jul 9 15:29:26 2022
    On Sat, 9 Jul 2022 12:47:09 +0100, SimonM
    <somewhere@large.in.the.world> wrote:

    The other issue that still affects OBs is zoom
    ramping - the change of effective aperture,
    usually as the focal length increases* - but I'd
    expect there must be a stored lens profile
    nowadays that will tweak the iris as the focal
    length is changed by the operator. I can't believe
    this isn't accommodated in lens or camera firmware
    (or both).

    It usually is included as part of a zoom lens mechanism. The actual
    aperture size increases as you zoom "in" (i.e. longer focal length) so
    that the aperture ratio (f number) remains constant, but it usually
    runs out of range before maximum zoom because the lens isn't
    physically big enough to track for all f number settings. This is
    generally accepted as a compromise, otherwise you'd never be able to
    make a lens with a useful zoom range.

    Think about the numbers. For a zoom lens with a maximum focal length
    of 1000mm, if you wanted the aperture to track all the way at f2, the
    diameter of the objective would have to be 500mm, which would be a
    pretty hefty lens, but if f8 is acceptable, it only has to be 125mm.

    Rod.

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  • From Mark Carver@21:1/5 to All on Sun Jul 10 10:52:19 2022
    On 08/07/2022 22:10, NY wrote:


    Does the compression of studio-quality pictures into those which are broadcast on terrestrial/satellite affect the dynamic range and degree
    of highlight/shadow clipping, or does it just affect the degree of compression artefacts?

    No, emission compression has little to no effect on the highlights handling.

    Don't forget Wimbledon is now being racked for HDR, have you taken a
    look at the UHD/HDR stream on iplayer (assuming you have a compatible
    telly)?

    This is exactly the problem  HDR helps solve.

    The sports pitch being half in bright sunshine, and half in shade, is
    nothing new, happens with winter afternoon football every week, it's
    something racks engineers have had to deal with for decades.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Mark Carver@21:1/5 to All on Sun Jul 10 14:10:45 2022
    On 10/07/2022 13:38, NY wrote:
    "Mark Carver" <mark.carver@invalid.invalid> wrote in message news:jivlqkFe1s9U1@mid.individual.net...
    On 08/07/2022 22:10, NY wrote:


    Does the compression of studio-quality pictures into those which are
    broadcast on terrestrial/satellite affect the dynamic range and
    degree of highlight/shadow clipping, or does it just affect the
    degree of compression artefacts?

    No, emission compression has little to no effect on the highlights
    handling.

    Don't forget Wimbledon is now being racked for HDR, have you taken a
    look at the UHD/HDR stream on iplayer (assuming you have a compatible
    telly)?

    This is exactly the problem  HDR helps solve.

    The sports pitch being half in bright sunshine, and half in shade, is
    nothing new, happens with winter afternoon football every week, it's
    something racks engineers have had to deal with for decades.

    Ah, of course, HDR is coming. I don't have Sky, only Freesat and
    Frreview, so the only UHD I've seen is the test transmissions on
    12441V which are impressive resolution: sharper that HD, even when down-scaled to a 1920x1080 computer monitor. I wonder if those use HDR.

    If you have a suitable telly, Wimbledon is streaming right now on BBC
    iplayer in UHD and HDR.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From NY@21:1/5 to Mark Carver on Sun Jul 10 13:38:07 2022
    "Mark Carver" <mark.carver@invalid.invalid> wrote in message news:jivlqkFe1s9U1@mid.individual.net...
    On 08/07/2022 22:10, NY wrote:


    Does the compression of studio-quality pictures into those which are
    broadcast on terrestrial/satellite affect the dynamic range and degree of
    highlight/shadow clipping, or does it just affect the degree of
    compression artefacts?

    No, emission compression has little to no effect on the highlights
    handling.

    Don't forget Wimbledon is now being racked for HDR, have you taken a look
    at the UHD/HDR stream on iplayer (assuming you have a compatible telly)?

    This is exactly the problem HDR helps solve.

    The sports pitch being half in bright sunshine, and half in shade, is
    nothing new, happens with winter afternoon football every week, it's something racks engineers have had to deal with for decades.

    Ah, of course, HDR is coming. I don't have Sky, only Freesat and Frreview,
    so the only UHD I've seen is the test transmissions on 12441V which are impressive resolution: sharper that HD, even when down-scaled to a 1920x1080 computer monitor. I wonder if those use HDR.

    I remember the winter football/rugby matches where half the pitch is overexposed and half is in gloomy shadow. That made the racks people really earn their money, constantly adjusting the iris as play moves between one
    and the other. In a situation like that, I presume they try to adjust all
    the cameras simultaneously so the picture looks similar when the vision
    mixer switches from one camera to another, maybe with one camera kept at the "previous" setting and trained on the "previous" side of the pitch in case there is a need to switch back to action in the shadow when most of the play
    is now in the sun, and vice versa.

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Tony Gamble@21:1/5 to Mark Carver on Mon Jul 11 05:48:14 2022
    On 10/07/2022 14:10, Mark Carver wrote:


    If you have a suitable telly, Wimbledon is streaming right now on BBC
    iplayer in UHD and HDR.

    I do have a suitable one and am annoyed I did not see this post when
    Mark made it.

    How can I find out when the iPlayer is streaming, or replaying,
    something else in HD?

    Tony

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  • From Tony Gamble@21:1/5 to Tony Gamble on Mon Jul 11 09:33:20 2022
    On 11/07/2022 05:48, Tony Gamble wrote:
    On 10/07/2022 14:10, Mark Carver wrote:


    If you have a suitable telly, Wimbledon is streaming right now on BBC
    iplayer in UHD and HDR.

    I do have a suitable one and am annoyed I did not see this post when
    Mark made it.

    How can I find out when the iPlayer is streaming, or replaying,
    something else in HD?

    Tony


    UPDATE. I found a list of repeats such as Blue Planet that are supposed
    to be available on HD. I have set my iPlayer Beta to use the highest
    quality but I doubt that is what is being sent to my LG tv via my Nvidia Shield.

    Any advice folks?

    Tony

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  • From Tony Gamble@21:1/5 to Tony Gamble on Tue Jul 12 14:28:26 2022
    On 11/07/2022 09:33, Tony Gamble wrote:



    UPDATE. I found a list of repeats such as Blue Planet that are supposed
    to be available on HD. I have set my iPlayer Beta to use the highest
    quality but I doubt that is what is being sent to my LG tv via my Nvidia Shield.

    Any advice folks?

    Tony

    I am still waiting for someone to tell me how you folk learn about an
    event being streamed live in UHD?

    Tony

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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  • From Robin@21:1/5 to Tony Gamble on Tue Jul 12 14:38:24 2022
    On 12/07/2022 14:28, Tony Gamble wrote:
    On 11/07/2022 09:33, Tony Gamble wrote:



    UPDATE. I found a list of repeats such as Blue Planet that are
    supposed to be available on HD. I have set my iPlayer Beta to use the
    highest quality but I doubt that is what is being sent to my LG tv via
    my Nvidia Shield.

    Any advice folks?

    Tony

    I am still waiting for someone to tell me how you folk learn about an
    event being streamed live in UHD?

    Tony


    I'd imagine different folk use different methods: visit the BBC site,
    read the emails you can sign up for, closely examine the entrails of the
    animal of your choice, pay your local seer, etc etc. (I can only vouch
    for some of these.)

    https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/help/questions/features/uhd-connected-tv/#/Notification

    --
    Robin
    reply-to address is (intended to be) valid

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  • From MB@21:1/5 to Tony Gamble on Tue Jul 12 21:31:46 2022
    On 12/07/2022 14:28, Tony Gamble wrote:
    I am still waiting for someone to tell me how you folk learn about an
    event being streamed live in UHD?



    "Want to know when new Ultra HD content is available?

    We'll keep this page up to date with the latest Ultra HD content, but if
    you scroll to the bottom of this page - or click here - you can add your
    email address to our notification list. We'll let you know when new UHD programmes are ready to watch! "

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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