Irredentism is usually understood as a desire that one state annexes a territory of another state. This desire can be motivated by ethnic reasons because the population of the territory is ethnically similar to the population of the parent state.
Historical reason may also be responsible, i.e., that the territory formed part of the parent state before. However, difficulties in applying the concept to concrete cases have given rise to academic disputes about its precise definition. Disagreements
concern whether either or both ethnic and historical reasons have to be present and whether non-state actors can also engage in irredentism. A further dispute is whether attempts to absorb a full neighboring state are also included. There are various
types of irredentism. One categorization distinguishes between cases in which the parent state exists before the conflict and cases in which a new parent state is formed by uniting an ethnic group spread across several countries. Another distinction
concerns whether the target country is a state, a former colony, or a collapsed state.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irredentism
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_irredentist_claims_or_disputes
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