Arkhangelsk is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina near its exit into the White Sea. The city spreads for over 40 kilometres (25 mi) along the banks of the river and numerous
islands of its delta. Arkhangelsk was the chief seaport of medieval and early modern Russia until 1703, when it was replaced by the newly-founded Saint Petersburg.

A 1,133-km-long (704 mi) railway runs from Arkhangelsk to Moscow via Vologda and Yaroslavl, and air travel is served by the Talagi Airport and the smaller Vaskovo Airport. As of the 2010 Census, the city's population was 348,783.

Vikings knew the area around Arkhangelsk as Bjarmaland. Ohthere of Hålogaland told circa 890 of his travels in an area by a river and the White Sea with many buildings. This was probably the place later known as Arkhangelsk. According to Snorri
Sturluson, Vikings led by Thorir Hund raided this area in 1027.

In 1989, an unusually impressive silver treasure was found by local farm workers by the mouth of Dvina, right next to present-day Arkhangelsk. It was probably buried in the beginning of the 12th c., and contained articles that may have been up to 200
years old at that time.

Most of the findings comprised a total of 1.6 kilograms (3.5 lb) of silver, largely in the form of coins. Jewelry and pieces of jewelry come from Russia or neighboring areas. The majority of the coins were German, but the hoard also included a smaller
number of Kufan, English, Bohemian, Hungarian, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian coins.

It is hard to place this find historically until further research is completed. There are at least two possible interpretations. It may be a treasure belonging to the society outlined by the Norse source material. Generally such finds, whether from
Scandinavia, the Baltic area, or Russia, are closely tied to well-established agricultural societies with considerable trade activity.

Alternatively, like the Russian scientists who published the find in 1992, one may see it as evidence of a stronger case of Russian colonization than previously thought.

Mikhail Lomonosov came from a Pomor village near Kholmogory. A monument to him was installed to a design by Ivan Martos in 1829. A monument to Peter the Great was designed by Mark Antokolsky in 1872 and installed in 1914.

After its historic churches were destroyed during Joseph Stalin's rule, the city's main extant landmarks are the fort-like Merchant Yards (1668–1684) and the New Dvina Fortress (1701–1705). The Assumption Church on the Dvina embankment (1742–1744)
was rebuilt in 2004.

In 2008, it was decided that the city's cathedral, dedicated to the Archangel Michael, which had been destroyed under the Soviets, would be rebuilt. The foundation stone was laid in November 2008 by the regional Bishop Tikhon. The cathedral, situated
near the city's main bus station and river port, is expected to be completed and consecrated in 2019.

Another remarkable structure is the Arkhangelsk TV Mast, a 151-meter (495 ft) tall guyed mast for FM-/TV-broadcasting built in 1964. This tubular steel mast has six crossbars equipped with gangways, which run in two levels from the central mast structure
out to the each of the three guys. On these crossbars there are also several antennas installed.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkhangelsk

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Vikings knew the area around Arkhangelsk as Bjarmaland.

The Scandinavians knew, which doesn't mean Vikings. "Vikings" is a
fetish abused by the Westerners for their self-satisfaction. And
the Scandinavians knew the term from the neighboring Finnic people.

Analogous term in Russian is Perm <https://is.gd/oXB5ug>. The both
Perm and Bjarma came from one old Finnic word that meant "back land" semantically close to "backyard". The Finns living near the Baltic
Sea called so the region further to the east from them, which was
more sparsely populated with other kinds of Finns. The Scandinavians
and Russians both adapted it from the Finnic use. The meaning is
functionally close to the Slavic "Ukraine".

The association of the Scandinavian Bjarmaland with the present day
Arkhangelsk region is not well-accepted. Some suggest it within
Karelia, Kola peninsula, or elsewhere. Moreover, given the above
meaning, Bjarmaland didn't have to necessarily mean a fixly defined
region, because in various situations the word could be applied to
different areas that were seen as peripheral / marginal from the
perspective of those in Scandinavia who compiled those sagas.

The Russian Perm surely experienced a variety of meanings. While
the Russians gradually learned The Wild North and increased their
presence near the White Sea (and sometimes were fighting with those Scandinavians (Murmans = Normans) who were also coming there), the
word "Perm" changed its geographical meaning, gradually "moving"
eastward. By the 15th century, the "stabilized" Perm had come to
mean a region along the Urals ridge, 300 - 500 km wide to the west
from the ridge, and (by latitude) to the north from the Bashkir
steppe region and further north close to the Arctic ocean. Today, it
about corresponds to two Russia's federal subjects: Komi Republic in
the north and Perm Oblast in the south.

Watch videos related to the Perm city & area (Vietnamese narration).

<https://youtu.be/-3Ho55Ern_A>
<https://youtu.be/W0-48lOeS6s>
<https://youtu.be/W35d1qx3Kko>

In the 19th century, the Russia's Perm gave rise to the adjective
"Permian" in west-European languages, - to designate a period in the
context of Earth's geological history science, from where it was
also transferred to some other entities, absolutely unrelated to the
initial origin of the word.

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