General Relativity and Electromagnetism

I refer here recent discussion in sci.physics.research about the subject.
I put one essential copy from the reference below:

“ General relativity is the only fundamentally geometric theory in physics and has stood apart from other theories since its inception.

Its geometric nature is intimately connected with the principle of equivalence and the independence of the trajectory of a test body on the properties of the body such as its mass.

There is no analog of the principle of equivalence in electromagnetism; the motion of a charged test body in an electromagnetic field depends directly on its charge and mass.

The lack of such a principle has hindered the development of a true geometric theory of electromagnetism.

Many attempts at a classical unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism were made by Einstein, H. Weyl, and others, but the results were not very convincing.

These attempts seem less interesting since the discovery of other forces in nature besides gravitation and electromagnetism.

It would be desirable ultimately to unify the strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, and gravity, and such a grand unification would necessarily involve quantum theory.

Although there is no convincing classical unified field theory, the Maxwell equations of electromagnetism, when expressed in covariant form, are completely consistent with the ideas and equations of general relativity, and no geometric interpretation of
the electromagnetic field is logically necessary.

In this view the electromagnetic field operates conventionally in the curved space described by the gravitational field equations.

In turn, the electromagnetic field contains energy and is thus the source of some of the curvature of the space.

Much work has gone into the elucidation of the properties of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in vacuum, sometimes referred to as already-unified field theory, and interesting formal results and interpretations have emerged. ”

Reference:

Parker, S. P. (Editor in Chief), 1983.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics.
McGraw-Hill Inc, Printed in the U.S.A.
1343 pages, pp. 971-972, (copy from the reference).

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Tuesday, May 8, 2018 at 10:51:17 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

General Relativity and Electromagnetism

I refer here recent discussion in sci.physics.research about the subject.
I put one essential copy from the reference below:

“ General relativity is the only fundamentally geometric theory in physics and has stood apart from other theories since its inception.

Its geometric nature is intimately connected with the principle of equivalence and the independence of the trajectory of a test body on the properties of the body such as its mass.

There is no analog of the principle of equivalence in electromagnetism; the motion of a charged test body in an electromagnetic field depends directly on its charge and mass.

The lack of such a principle has hindered the development of a true geometric theory of electromagnetism.

Many attempts at a classical unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism were made by Einstein, H. Weyl, and others, but the results were not very convincing.

These attempts seem less interesting since the discovery of other forces in nature besides gravitation and electromagnetism.

It would be desirable ultimately to unify the strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, and gravity, and such a grand unification would necessarily involve quantum theory.

Although there is no convincing classical unified field theory, the Maxwell equations of electromagnetism, when expressed in covariant form, are completely consistent with the ideas and equations of general relativity, and no geometric interpretation

of the electromagnetic field is logically necessary.

In this view the electromagnetic field operates conventionally in the curved space described by the gravitational field equations.

In turn, the electromagnetic field contains energy and is thus the source of some of the curvature of the space.

Much work has gone into the elucidation of the properties of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in vacuum, sometimes referred to as already-unified field theory, and interesting formal results and interpretations have emerged. ”

Reference:

Parker, S. P. (Editor in Chief), 1983.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics.
McGraw-Hill Inc, Printed in the U.S.A.
1343 pages, pp. 971-972, (copy from the reference).

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

One matter below which would be worth of try in unified field models ?

My description of H-M´s drawings of the electron:

“Two circulating colors formed the sphere and the suction spot on its surface. Two circulating colors form the cone which is from surface of the sphere to the center of the sphere.”

“The sphere is anchored from its center to the geometry of the space.”

“Mass of the electron is only due resistance of expansion of the Universe.”

“If electricity of the electron is switched off then its soul goes to the center of the space.”

My interpretations of H-M´s drawings of the electron, two colors,
its charge and its mass:

Charge:

Two colors are two colors of the weak interaction.

The suction spot is charge of the electron and electric field lines
goes from outside of the sphere to the suction spot and from that
to the center the sphere.

In center of the sphere is color neutrino, which is the soul of the electron.

This color neutrino acts as a magnetic monopole when it rotates,
but it is anchored to the geometry of the space and
this is why it rotates first 360 degrees in one direction
and then it rotates back 360 degrees in opposite direction.

It oscillates this way and this is why it creates electric field
only to the one side of the sphere to the suction spot and
from there inwards direction to the center of the sphere, so
electric field lines originated from the
oscillating color neutrino which act as a magnetic monopole.

This torsional like oscillation property explains also
why the spin of the electron is h_bar/2.

Mass:

Mass (and combined interaction constant of nature) is integration
constant of the Einstein equations of general relativity.

This integration constant originates similar way as integration
constant originates in Schwarzschild line element of
general relativity
(Schwarzschild black hole geometry, my guess G -> G_F*c^2/h_bar^2,
G is gravitational constant, G_F is Fermi constant, c=speed of light,
h_bar is Planck constant/(2*Pi)).

This stretches space geometry in a way and that is
why it is described resistance of the expansion of the Universe.

In reality it is not really singularity as it is
in mathematical theory of general relativity,
it is this color neutrino.

Reference:

H-M = Hanna-Maria Poropudas, owner of rights of her drawings and
knowledge of them.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Friday, May 11, 2018 at 10:57:12 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

On Tuesday, May 8, 2018 at 10:51:17 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

General Relativity and Electromagnetism

I refer here recent discussion in sci.physics.research about the subject.
I put one essential copy from the reference below:

“ General relativity is the only fundamentally geometric theory in physics and has stood apart from other theories since its inception.

Its geometric nature is intimately connected with the principle of equivalence and the independence of the trajectory of a test body on the properties of the body such as its mass.

There is no analog of the principle of equivalence in electromagnetism; the motion of a charged test body in an electromagnetic field depends directly on its charge and mass.

The lack of such a principle has hindered the development of a true geometric theory of electromagnetism.

Many attempts at a classical unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism were made by Einstein, H. Weyl, and others, but the results were not very convincing.

These attempts seem less interesting since the discovery of other forces in nature besides gravitation and electromagnetism.

It would be desirable ultimately to unify the strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, and gravity, and such a grand unification would necessarily involve quantum theory.

Although there is no convincing classical unified field theory, the Maxwell equations of electromagnetism, when expressed in covariant form, are completely consistent with the ideas and equations of general relativity, and no geometric interpretation

of the electromagnetic field is logically necessary.

In this view the electromagnetic field operates conventionally in the curved space described by the gravitational field equations.

In turn, the electromagnetic field contains energy and is thus the source of some of the curvature of the space.

Much work has gone into the elucidation of the properties of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in vacuum, sometimes referred to as already-unified field theory, and interesting formal results and interpretations have emerged. ”

Reference:

Parker, S. P. (Editor in Chief), 1983.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics.
McGraw-Hill Inc, Printed in the U.S.A.
1343 pages, pp. 971-972, (copy from the reference).

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

One matter below which would be worth of try in unified field models ?

My description of H-M´s drawings of the electron:

“Two circulating colors formed the sphere and the suction spot on its surface. Two circulating colors form the cone which is from surface of the sphere to the center of the sphere.”

“The sphere is anchored from its center to the geometry of the space.”

“Mass of the electron is only due resistance of expansion of the Universe.”

“If electricity of the electron is switched off then its soul goes to the center of the space.”

My interpretations of H-M´s drawings of the electron, two colors,
its charge and its mass:

Charge:

Two colors are two colors of the weak interaction.

The suction spot is charge of the electron and electric field lines
goes from outside of the sphere to the suction spot and from that
to the center the sphere.

In center of the sphere is color neutrino, which is the soul of the electron.

This color neutrino acts as a magnetic monopole when it rotates,
but it is anchored to the geometry of the space and
this is why it rotates first 360 degrees in one direction
and then it rotates back 360 degrees in opposite direction.

It oscillates this way and this is why it creates electric field
only to the one side of the sphere to the suction spot and
from there inwards direction to the center of the sphere, so
electric field lines originated from the
oscillating color neutrino which act as a magnetic monopole.

This torsional like oscillation property explains also
why the spin of the electron is h_bar/2.

Mass:

Mass (and combined interaction constant of nature) is integration
constant of the Einstein equations of general relativity.

This integration constant originates similar way as integration
constant originates in Schwarzschild line element of
general relativity
(Schwarzschild black hole geometry, my guess G -> G_F*c^2/h_bar^2,
G is gravitational constant, G_F is Fermi constant, c=speed of light,
h_bar is Planck constant/(2*Pi)).

This stretches space geometry in a way and that is
why it is described resistance of the expansion of the Universe.

In reality it is not really singularity as it is
in mathematical theory of general relativity,
it is this color neutrino.

Reference:

H-M = Hanna-Maria Poropudas, owner of rights of her drawings and
knowledge of them.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

I thought yesterday about the case of the positron lepton
and also an old summary of my papers about H-M´s drawings (1992->):

The positron case could be similar as above description of the
electron lepton but
color neutrino (acting as color magnetic monopole) in center
of the sphere, and also that suction spot on the sphere, this color
neutrino could have spin direction opposite as it was in the electron
case OR this color neutrino could have different color.

Electric field lines forms in opposite direction now
when compared the electron case.

When electron positron particle pair is formed from the photon
near nucleus of an atom, both of these color neutrinos originates
photon´s color neutrino structure.

Photon is a bunch of color neutrinos which are hold together with
six color signal particles,(these are possible small right color neutrino couples, these are not observable in expanding side of the Universe in
which case neutrinos are called wrong neutrinos), which are marked
in the H-M´s photon drawing in the circle with six different
color sectors of different colors (and also white color in center
that circle and also yellow flash around this circle).

Color gluons of the stong interaction are color neutrino couples
but binded together with different colors (ordinary neutrino-antineutrino binding would give too weak binding).

Strong interaction´s three colors are in one H-M´s drawing in color circle with five color sectors of different colors. Weak interaction´s two colors are in this same color circle these two remaining colors.
Weak interaction is almost as strong as Strong interaction in small
dimensions but weakens rapidly for longer dimensions due heavy weak
interaction mediating bosons W+- and Z0.

Hannu

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Thursday, May 17, 2018 at 11:00:14 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

On Friday, May 11, 2018 at 10:57:12 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

On Tuesday, May 8, 2018 at 10:51:17 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

General Relativity and Electromagnetism

I refer here recent discussion in sci.physics.research about the subject. I put one essential copy from the reference below:

“ General relativity is the only fundamentally geometric theory in physics and has stood apart from other theories since its inception.

Its geometric nature is intimately connected with the principle of equivalence and the independence of the trajectory of a test body on the properties of the body such as its mass.

There is no analog of the principle of equivalence in electromagnetism; the motion of a charged test body in an electromagnetic field depends directly on its charge and mass.

The lack of such a principle has hindered the development of a true geometric theory of electromagnetism.

Many attempts at a classical unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism were made by Einstein, H. Weyl, and others, but the results were not very convincing.

These attempts seem less interesting since the discovery of other forces in nature besides gravitation and electromagnetism.

It would be desirable ultimately to unify the strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, and gravity, and such a grand unification would necessarily involve quantum theory.

Although there is no convincing classical unified field theory, the Maxwell equations of electromagnetism, when expressed in covariant form, are completely consistent with the ideas and equations of general relativity, and no geometric

interpretation of the electromagnetic field is logically necessary.

In this view the electromagnetic field operates conventionally in the curved space described by the gravitational field equations.

In turn, the electromagnetic field contains energy and is thus the source of some of the curvature of the space.

Much work has gone into the elucidation of the properties of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in vacuum, sometimes referred to as already-unified field theory, and interesting formal results and interpretations have emerged. ”

Reference:

Parker, S. P. (Editor in Chief), 1983.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics.
McGraw-Hill Inc, Printed in the U.S.A.
1343 pages, pp. 971-972, (copy from the reference).

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

One matter below which would be worth of try in unified field models ?

My description of H-M´s drawings of the electron:

“Two circulating colors formed the sphere and the suction spot on its surface. Two circulating colors form the cone which is from surface of the sphere to the center of the sphere.”

“The sphere is anchored from its center to the geometry of the space.”

“Mass of the electron is only due resistance of expansion of the Universe.”

“If electricity of the electron is switched off then its soul goes to the
center of the space.”

My interpretations of H-M´s drawings of the electron, two colors,
its charge and its mass:

Charge:

Two colors are two colors of the weak interaction.

The suction spot is charge of the electron and electric field lines
goes from outside of the sphere to the suction spot and from that
to the center the sphere.

In center of the sphere is color neutrino, which is the soul of the electron.

This color neutrino acts as a magnetic monopole when it rotates,
but it is anchored to the geometry of the space and
this is why it rotates first 360 degrees in one direction
and then it rotates back 360 degrees in opposite direction.

It oscillates this way and this is why it creates electric field
only to the one side of the sphere to the suction spot and
from there inwards direction to the center of the sphere, so
electric field lines originated from the
oscillating color neutrino which act as a magnetic monopole.

This torsional like oscillation property explains also
why the spin of the electron is h_bar/2.

Mass:

Mass (and combined interaction constant of nature) is integration
constant of the Einstein equations of general relativity.

This integration constant originates similar way as integration
constant originates in Schwarzschild line element of
general relativity
(Schwarzschild black hole geometry, my guess G -> G_F*c^2/h_bar^2,
G is gravitational constant, G_F is Fermi constant, c=speed of light, h_bar is Planck constant/(2*Pi)).

This stretches space geometry in a way and that is
why it is described resistance of the expansion of the Universe.

In reality it is not really singularity as it is
in mathematical theory of general relativity,
it is this color neutrino.

Reference:

H-M = Hanna-Maria Poropudas, owner of rights of her drawings and
knowledge of them.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

I thought yesterday about the case of the positron lepton
and also an old summary of my papers about H-M´s drawings (1992->):

The positron case could be similar as above description of the
electron lepton but
color neutrino (acting as color magnetic monopole) in center
of the sphere, and also that suction spot on the sphere, this color
neutrino could have spin direction opposite as it was in the electron
case OR this color neutrino could have different color.

Electric field lines forms in opposite direction now
when compared the electron case.

When electron positron particle pair is formed from the photon
near nucleus of an atom, both of these color neutrinos originates
photon´s color neutrino structure.

Photon is a bunch of color neutrinos which are hold together with
six color signal particles,(these are possible small right color neutrino couples, these are not observable in expanding side of the Universe in
which case neutrinos are called wrong neutrinos), which are marked
in the H-M´s photon drawing in the circle with six different
color sectors of different colors (and also white color in center
that circle and also yellow flash around this circle).

Color gluons of the stong interaction are color neutrino couples
but binded together with different colors (ordinary neutrino-antineutrino binding would give too weak binding).

Strong interaction´s three colors are in one H-M´s drawing in color circle with five color sectors of different colors. Weak interaction´s two colors are in this same color circle these two remaining colors.
Weak interaction is almost as strong as Strong interaction in small dimensions but weakens rapidly for longer dimensions due heavy weak interaction mediating bosons W+- and Z0.

Hannu

About trial to have five-dimensional space-time of Kaluza:

”… Another interesting approach was made by T. Kaluza.

The essence of Kaluza´s theory was to increase the number
of dimensions to five.

In five dimensions the symmetric metric tensor has 15 components,
which is one more than to accommodate the gravitational
and electromagnetic fields.

To recover the four-dimensional nature of normal space-time,
the metric tensor was subjected to somewhat artificial constraints:

It was assumed to be independent of the fifth coordinate,
and the fifth diagonal component was taken to be unity;
that is, the four-dimensional world that one observes was taken to be
the projection of a more basic underlying five-dimensional manifold.

Despite a certain degree of mathematical beauty,
the Kaluza theory and various extensions of it
have not been successful in making any new predictions,
and it has now been bypassed by the main stream of theoretical physics. …”

Reference:

Parker, S.P. (Editor in Chief), 1983.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics.
Printed in the U.S.A. Fifth Edition.
1343 pages, “Unified field theory”,
pp. 1212-1213, p. 1212.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Thursday, May 17, 2018 at 11:00:14 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

On Friday, May 11, 2018 at 10:57:12 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

On Tuesday, May 8, 2018 at 10:51:17 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

General Relativity and Electromagnetism

I refer here recent discussion in sci.physics.research about the subject. I put one essential copy from the reference below:

“ General relativity is the only fundamentally geometric theory in physics and has stood apart from other theories since its inception.

Its geometric nature is intimately connected with the principle of equivalence and the independence of the trajectory of a test body on the properties of the body such as its mass.

There is no analog of the principle of equivalence in electromagnetism; the motion of a charged test body in an electromagnetic field depends directly on its charge and mass.

The lack of such a principle has hindered the development of a true geometric theory of electromagnetism.

Many attempts at a classical unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism were made by Einstein, H. Weyl, and others, but the results were not very convincing.

These attempts seem less interesting since the discovery of other forces in nature besides gravitation and electromagnetism.

It would be desirable ultimately to unify the strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, and gravity, and such a grand unification would necessarily involve quantum theory.

Although there is no convincing classical unified field theory, the Maxwell equations of electromagnetism, when expressed in covariant form, are completely consistent with the ideas and equations of general relativity, and no geometric

interpretation of the electromagnetic field is logically necessary.

In this view the electromagnetic field operates conventionally in the curved space described by the gravitational field equations.

In turn, the electromagnetic field contains energy and is thus the source of some of the curvature of the space.

Much work has gone into the elucidation of the properties of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in vacuum, sometimes referred to as already-unified field theory, and interesting formal results and interpretations have emerged. ”

Reference:

Parker, S. P. (Editor in Chief), 1983.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics.
McGraw-Hill Inc, Printed in the U.S.A.
1343 pages, pp. 971-972, (copy from the reference).

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

One matter below which would be worth of try in unified field models ?

My description of H-M´s drawings of the electron:

“Two circulating colors formed the sphere and the suction spot on its surface. Two circulating colors form the cone which is from surface of the sphere to the center of the sphere.”

“The sphere is anchored from its center to the geometry of the space.”

“Mass of the electron is only due resistance of expansion of the Universe.”

“If electricity of the electron is switched off then its soul goes to the
center of the space.”

My interpretations of H-M´s drawings of the electron, two colors,
its charge and its mass:

Charge:

Two colors are two colors of the weak interaction.

The suction spot is charge of the electron and electric field lines
goes from outside of the sphere to the suction spot and from that
to the center the sphere.

In center of the sphere is color neutrino, which is the soul of the electron.

This color neutrino acts as a magnetic monopole when it rotates,
but it is anchored to the geometry of the space and
this is why it rotates first 360 degrees in one direction
and then it rotates back 360 degrees in opposite direction.

It oscillates this way and this is why it creates electric field
only to the one side of the sphere to the suction spot and
from there inwards direction to the center of the sphere, so
electric field lines originated from the
oscillating color neutrino which act as a magnetic monopole.

This torsional like oscillation property explains also
why the spin of the electron is h_bar/2.

Mass:

Mass (and combined interaction constant of nature) is integration
constant of the Einstein equations of general relativity.

This integration constant originates similar way as integration
constant originates in Schwarzschild line element of
general relativity
(Schwarzschild black hole geometry, my guess G -> G_F*c^2/h_bar^2,
G is gravitational constant, G_F is Fermi constant, c=speed of light, h_bar is Planck constant/(2*Pi)).

This stretches space geometry in a way and that is
why it is described resistance of the expansion of the Universe.

In reality it is not really singularity as it is
in mathematical theory of general relativity,
it is this color neutrino.

Reference:

H-M = Hanna-Maria Poropudas, owner of rights of her drawings and
knowledge of them.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

I thought yesterday about the case of the positron lepton
and also an old summary of my papers about H-M´s drawings (1992->):

The positron case could be similar as above description of the
electron lepton but
color neutrino (acting as color magnetic monopole) in center
of the sphere, and also that suction spot on the sphere, this color
neutrino could have spin direction opposite as it was in the electron
case OR this color neutrino could have different color.

Electric field lines forms in opposite direction now
when compared the electron case.

When electron positron particle pair is formed from the photon
near nucleus of an atom, both of these color neutrinos originates
photon´s color neutrino structure.

Photon is a bunch of color neutrinos which are hold together with
six color signal particles,(these are possible small right color neutrino couples, these are not observable in expanding side of the Universe in
which case neutrinos are called wrong neutrinos), which are marked
in the H-M´s photon drawing in the circle with six different
color sectors of different colors (and also white color in center
that circle and also yellow flash around this circle).

Color gluons of the stong interaction are color neutrino couples
but binded together with different colors (ordinary neutrino-antineutrino binding would give too weak binding).

Strong interaction´s three colors are in one H-M´s drawing in color circle with five color sectors of different colors. Weak interaction´s two colors are in this same color circle these two remaining colors.
Weak interaction is almost as strong as Strong interaction in small dimensions but weakens rapidly for longer dimensions due heavy weak interaction mediating bosons W+- and Z0.

Hannu

Strong interaction colors In H-M´s drawing are
Red, light Blue and Yellow
(remark that this color selection is different than our
standard color selection).

Weak interaction colors are Violet and Green. Electron neutrino has green color and mu-lepton neutrino have violet color. Tau-lepton neutrino have also some color which I don´t remember now, please check it from my old writings in the sci-internet groups 1992-> . Neutrinos have these two types of color
electricities which originates from contracting side of the Universe.

Color neutrino is in H-M´s drawing (3+1 dimensional object as I understood it is drawn two sight ways as color ball as origin of time-axis inside (my interpretation) pseudosphere black hole like geometry (ball is not singularity)
and observable side (as I interpret it) was drawn as
color suction spot which has this color signal periphery around it
(I have interpreted that colorless electric field lines goes though
this color suction spot outside these H-M drawn color geometry).

About Gravitation I must say that I have now interpreted H-M´s old telling that color neutrino´s color signal periphery size oscillates as that
this phenomena causes attraction between two color neutrinos if both´s signal periphery size oscillates with same frequency and both oscillation are also
in phase. This causes repulsion between these two color neutrinos if their signal periphery oscillate with same frequency and both oscillations are
out of phase.

I interpret that this physical phenomena of oscillation of color neutrino´s signal periphery as origin of the Gravitational Interaction.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Thursday, May 17, 2018 at 11:00:14 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

On Friday, May 11, 2018 at 10:57:12 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

On Tuesday, May 8, 2018 at 10:51:17 AM UTC+3, hanp...@luukku.com wrote:

General Relativity and Electromagnetism

I refer here recent discussion in sci.physics.research about the subject. I put one essential copy from the reference below:

“ General relativity is the only fundamentally geometric theory in physics and has stood apart from other theories since its inception.

Its geometric nature is intimately connected with the principle of equivalence and the independence of the trajectory of a test body on the properties of the body such as its mass.

There is no analog of the principle of equivalence in electromagnetism; the motion of a charged test body in an electromagnetic field depends directly on its charge and mass.

The lack of such a principle has hindered the development of a true geometric theory of electromagnetism.

Many attempts at a classical unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism were made by Einstein, H. Weyl, and others, but the results were not very convincing.

These attempts seem less interesting since the discovery of other forces in nature besides gravitation and electromagnetism.

It would be desirable ultimately to unify the strong and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, and gravity, and such a grand unification would necessarily involve quantum theory.

Although there is no convincing classical unified field theory, the Maxwell equations of electromagnetism, when expressed in covariant form, are completely consistent with the ideas and equations of general relativity, and no geometric

interpretation of the electromagnetic field is logically necessary.

In this view the electromagnetic field operates conventionally in the curved space described by the gravitational field equations.

In turn, the electromagnetic field contains energy and is thus the source of some of the curvature of the space.

Much work has gone into the elucidation of the properties of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in vacuum, sometimes referred to as already-unified field theory, and interesting formal results and interpretations have emerged. ”

Reference:

Parker, S. P. (Editor in Chief), 1983.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Physics.
McGraw-Hill Inc, Printed in the U.S.A.
1343 pages, pp. 971-972, (copy from the reference).

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

One matter below which would be worth of try in unified field models ?

My description of H-M´s drawings of the electron:

“Two circulating colors formed the sphere and the suction spot on its surface. Two circulating colors form the cone which is from surface of the sphere to the center of the sphere.”

“The sphere is anchored from its center to the geometry of the space.”

“Mass of the electron is only due resistance of expansion of the Universe.”

“If electricity of the electron is switched off then its soul goes to the
center of the space.”

My interpretations of H-M´s drawings of the electron, two colors,
its charge and its mass:

Charge:

Two colors are two colors of the weak interaction.

The suction spot is charge of the electron and electric field lines
goes from outside of the sphere to the suction spot and from that
to the center the sphere.

In center of the sphere is color neutrino, which is the soul of the electron.

This color neutrino acts as a magnetic monopole when it rotates,
but it is anchored to the geometry of the space and
this is why it rotates first 360 degrees in one direction
and then it rotates back 360 degrees in opposite direction.

It oscillates this way and this is why it creates electric field
only to the one side of the sphere to the suction spot and
from there inwards direction to the center of the sphere, so
electric field lines originated from the
oscillating color neutrino which act as a magnetic monopole.

This torsional like oscillation property explains also
why the spin of the electron is h_bar/2.

Mass:

Mass (and combined interaction constant of nature) is integration
constant of the Einstein equations of general relativity.

This integration constant originates similar way as integration
constant originates in Schwarzschild line element of
general relativity
(Schwarzschild black hole geometry, my guess G -> G_F*c^2/h_bar^2,
G is gravitational constant, G_F is Fermi constant, c=speed of light, h_bar is Planck constant/(2*Pi)).

This stretches space geometry in a way and that is
why it is described resistance of the expansion of the Universe.

In reality it is not really singularity as it is
in mathematical theory of general relativity,
it is this color neutrino.

Reference:

H-M = Hanna-Maria Poropudas, owner of rights of her drawings and
knowledge of them.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

I thought yesterday about the case of the positron lepton
and also an old summary of my papers about H-M´s drawings (1992->):

The positron case could be similar as above description of the
electron lepton but
color neutrino (acting as color magnetic monopole) in center
of the sphere, and also that suction spot on the sphere, this color
neutrino could have spin direction opposite as it was in the electron
case OR this color neutrino could have different color.

Electric field lines forms in opposite direction now
when compared the electron case.

When electron positron particle pair is formed from the photon
near nucleus of an atom, both of these color neutrinos originates
photon´s color neutrino structure.

Photon is a bunch of color neutrinos which are hold together with
six color signal particles,(these are possible small right color neutrino couples, these are not observable in expanding side of the Universe in
which case neutrinos are called wrong neutrinos), which are marked
in the H-M´s photon drawing in the circle with six different
color sectors of different colors (and also white color in center
that circle and also yellow flash around this circle).

ERROR CORRECTION:

(Due to that small right color neutrino
couples, these are not observable in expanding side of the Universe in
which case neutrinos are called wrong neutrinos. These are in the mirror structure in H-M´s space-potato particle which is detail of radiation periphery of H-M´s black hole (something like event horizon.)

Photon is a bunch of color neutrinos which are hold together with
six color signal particles,(these are possible color light particles,
I interpret: color light particles are same as color signal particles)
which are marked in the H-M´s photon drawing in the circle with six different color sectors of different colors (and also white color in center
that circle and also yellow flash around this circle).

I'm sorry about my mistake.

Best Regards,

Hannu Poropudas

Color gluons of the stong interaction are color neutrino couples
but binded together with different colors (ordinary neutrino-antineutrino binding would give too weak binding).

Strong interaction´s three colors are in one H-M´s drawing in color circle with five color sectors of different colors. Weak interaction´s two colors are in this same color circle these two remaining colors.
Weak interaction is almost as strong as Strong interaction in small dimensions but weakens rapidly for longer dimensions due heavy weak interaction mediating bosons W+- and Z0.

Hannu

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