• The Fundamental Axiom of Einstein-Free Physics

    From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Tue Dec 28 05:38:22 2021
    Doppler Effect: Moving Observer https://youtube.com/watch?v=UHpPsnJNKrk

    In the case of light, two facts are important:

    1. The wavelength of light remains constant.

    2. The speed of light relative to the observer is VARIABLE (V'w=Vw+Vo becomes c'=c+Vo), in violation of Einstein's relativity.

    Concerning the constancy of the wavelength, there is no surprise because that is the case for sound or any other waves. However, when the source starts moving towards the observer, the wavelength becomes variable for all waves but doesn't for light! Big
    surprise, isn't it?

    VARIABLE wavelength of light

    https://youtube.com/watch?v=xsVxC_NR64M

    violates the principle of relativity. If the wavelength varied, the emitter would measure variations inside his spaceship and then would calculate his speed without looking outside. For a given emitter, the wavelength of light never changes!

    The formula

    (frequency) = (speed of light)/(wavelength)

    tolerates two axioms:

    Axiom 1: The speed of light is constant.

    Axiom 2: For a given emitter, the wavelength of light is constant.

    Axiom 1 killed physics.

    Axiom 2 will resurrect it (if it's not too late). Corollaries (established truths in future, Einstein-free physics):

    Corollary 1: Any frequency shift entails (is caused by) a proportional speed-of-light shift.

    Corollary 2: If the emitter and the observer (receiver) travel towards each other with relative speed v, the speed of light as measured by the observer is c' = c+v, as per Newton's theory.

    Corollary 3: Spacetime and gravitational waves (ripples in spacetime) don't exist. LIGO's "discoveries" are fake.

    Corollary 4: Light falls in a gravitational field with the same acceleration as ordinary falling bodies - near Earth's surface the accelerations of falling photons is g = 9.8 m/s^2. Accordingly, there is no gravitational time dilation: Einstein's general
    relativity is absurd.

    Corollary 5: The Hubble redshift is due to light slowing down as it travels through vacuum. The universe is not expanding.

    See more here: https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

    Pentcho Valev

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  • From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Tue Dec 28 06:34:25 2021
    Banesh Hoffmann, Einstein's collaborator, admits that, originally ("without recourse to contracting lengths, local time, or Lorentz transformations"), the Michelson-Morley experiment directly proved Newton's variable speed of light and disproved the
    constant speed of light:

    "Moreover, if light consists of particles, as Einstein had suggested in his paper submitted just thirteen weeks before this one, the second principle seems absurd: A stone thrown from a speeding train can do far more damage than one thrown from a train
    at rest; the speed of the particle is not independent of the motion of the object emitting it. And if we take light to consist of particles and assume that these particles obey Newton's laws, they will conform to Newtonian relativity and thus
    automatically account for the null result of the Michelson-Morley experiment without recourse to contracting lengths, local time, or Lorentz transformations. Yet, as we have seen, Einstein resisted the temptation to account for the null result in terms
    of particles of light and simple, familiar Newtonian ideas, and introduced as his second postulate something that was more or less obvious when thought of in terms of waves in an ether." Banesh Hoffmann, Relativity and Its Roots, p.92 https://www.amazon.
    com/Relativity-Its-Roots-Banesh-Hoffmann/dp/0486406768

    Wikipedia tells the truth about the Michelson-Morley experiment here (elsewhere it says the opposite):

    "Emission theory, also called emitter theory or ballistic theory of light, was a competing theory for the special theory of relativity, explaining the results of the Michelson–Morley experiment of 1887. [...] The name most often associated with
    emission theory is Isaac Newton. In his corpuscular theory Newton visualized light "corpuscles" being thrown off from hot bodies at a nominal speed of c with respect to the emitting object, and obeying the usual laws of Newtonian mechanics, and we then
    expect light to be moving towards us with a speed that is offset by the speed of the distant emitter (c ± v)." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission_theory

    John Norton, high priest in the Einstein cult, also tells the truth about the Michelson-Morley experiment:

    John Norton: "The Michelson-Morley experiment is fully compatible with an emission theory of light that CONTRADICTS THE LIGHT POSTULATE." http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/1743/2/Norton.pdf

    Now let us consider this:

    Richard Feynman: "I want to emphasize that light comes in this form - particles. It is very important to know that light behaves like particles, especially for those of you who have gone to school, where you probably learned something about light
    behaving like waves. I'm telling you the way it does behave - like particles. You might say that it's just the photomultiplier that detects light as particles, but no, every instrument that has been designed to be sensitive enough to detect weak light
    has always ended up discovering the same thing: light is made of particles." https://www.amazon.com/QED-Strange-Theory-Light-Matter/dp/0691024170

    In this text Feynman unwittingly suggests:

    1. The speed of light varies as per Newton.

    2. Variable wavelength of light (https://youtube.com/watch?v=xsVxC_NR64M) is an unrealistic wave-based concept.

    In future, Einstein-free physics, the wavelength of light will be CONSTANT for a given emitter.

    More here: https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

    Pentcho Valev

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  • From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Wed Dec 29 05:53:45 2021
    The texts below implicitly contain basic principles of future, Einstein-free physics:

    1. The wavelength of light always remains constant (the fundamental axiom).

    2. The speed and the frequency of light always vary proportionally, in accordance with the formula (frequency)=(speed of light)/(wavelength).

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: "Consider a falling object. ITS SPEED INCREASES AS IT IS FALLING. Hence, if we were to associate a frequency with that object the frequency should increase accordingly as it falls to earth. Because of the
    equivalence between gravitational and inertial mass, WE SHOULD OBSERVE THE SAME EFFECT FOR LIGHT. So lets shine a light beam from the top of a very tall building. If we can measure the frequency shift as the light beam descends the building, we should be
    able to discern how gravity affects a falling light beam. This was done by Pound and Rebka in 1960. They shone a light from the top of the Jefferson tower at Harvard and measured the frequency shift. The frequency shift was tiny but in agreement with the
    theoretical prediction. Consider a light beam that is travelling away from a gravitational field. Its frequency should shift to lower values. This is known as the gravitational red shift of light." https://courses.physics.illinois.edu/phys419/sp2011/
    lectures/Lecture13/L13r.html

    Albert Einstein Institute: "You do not need general relativity to derive the correct prediction for the gravitational redshift. A combination of Newtonian gravity, a particle theory of light, and the weak equivalence principle (gravitating mass equals
    inertial mass) suffices. [...] The gravitational redshift was first measured on earth in 1960-65 by Pound, Rebka, and Snider at Harvard University..." http://www.einstein-online.info/spotlights/redshift_white_dwarfs.html

    "We conclude, therefore, that A BEAM OF LIGHT WILL ACCELERATE IN A GRAVITATIONAL FIELD AS DO OBJECTS WITH REST MASS. For example, near the surface of Earth light will fall with acceleration 9.8 m/s^2." http://web.pdx.edu/~pmoeck/books/Tipler_Llewellyn.pdf

    See more: https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

    Pentcho Valev

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  • From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Wed May 3 02:57:10 2023
    Richard Feynman: "I want to emphasize that light comes in this form - particles. It is very important to know that light behaves like particles, especially for those of you who have gone to school, where you probably learned something about light
    behaving like waves. I'm telling you the way it does behave - like particles. You might say that it's just the photomultiplier that detects light as particles, but no, every instrument that has been designed to be sensitive enough to detect weak light
    has always ended up discovering the same thing: light is made of particles." QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter p. 15 https://www.amazon.com/QED-Strange-Theory-Light-Matter/dp/0691024170

    Feynman's words, if taken at face value, imply that the concept of VARIABLE wavelength of light

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xsVxC_NR64M

    is unrealistic. Actually, a lot of evidence suggests that the wavelength of light depends only on the nature of the emitting substance and is constant otherwise.

    "The wavelength of light is constant" will become the fundamental axiom of future, Einstein-free physics. Here are some corollaries:

    Corollary 1: Any frequency shift entails (is caused by) a proportional speed-of-light shift.

    Corollary 2: If the emitter and the observer travel towards each other with relative speed v, the speed of light relative to the observer is c' = c+v, as posited by Newton's theory.

    Corollary 3: Spacetime and gravitational waves (ripples in spacetime) don't exist. LIGO's "discoveries" are fakes.

    Corollary 4: Light falls in a gravitational field with the same acceleration as ordinary falling bodies - near Earth's surface the accelerations of falling photons is g = 9.8 m/s^2. Accordingly, there is no gravitational time dilation.

    Corollary 5: The so-called cosmological (Hubble) redshift is due to the speed of light gradually slowing down as light travels through vacuum, in a non-expanding universe.

    Corollary 6: The dark sky in the Olbers' paradox can be explained by two facts. 1. Low-speed, high-redshifted light (known as CMB), coming from very distant sources, is invisible. 2. Beyond a certain distance, the star light does not reach us at all (its
    speed is reduced to zero).

    Pentcho Valev https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

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  • From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Wed May 3 11:24:34 2023
    If the speed of light is constant as per Einstein, then ANY frequency shift entails (is caused by) an inversely proportional wavelength shift, in accordance with the formula

    (frequency) = (speed of light)/(wavelength)

    In the Doppler-moving-observer scenario, there is frequency shift without wavelength shift, which suggests that the wavelength may remain constant in other scenarios as well and proves that the speed of light is variable, not constant:

    "Thus, the moving observer sees a wave possessing the same wavelength...but a different frequency...to that seen by the stationary observer." http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/315/Waveshtml/node41.html

    Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics: "You can see for yourself that, once more, there is a blue-shift - the pulse frequency measured at the receiver is somewhat higher than the frequency with which the pulses are sent out. This time, the
    distances between subsequent pulses are not affected, but still there is a frequency shift." https://www.einstein-online.info/en/spotlight/doppler/

    "Vo is the velocity of an observer moving towards the source. This velocity is independent of the motion of the source. Hence, the velocity of waves relative to the observer is c + Vo...The motion of an observer does not alter the wavelength. The
    increase in frequency is a result of the observer encountering more wavelengths in a given time." http://a-levelphysicstutor.com/wav-doppler.php

    "The Doppler effect is the shift in frequency of a wave that occurs when the wave source, or the detector of the wave, is moving. Applications of the Doppler effect range from medical tests using ultrasound to radar detectors and astronomy (with
    electromagnetic waves)...Moving Observer. Let's say you, the observer, now move toward the source with velocity Vo. You encounter more waves per unit time than you did before. Relative to you, the waves travel at a higher speed: V' = V+Vo. The frequency
    of the waves you detect is higher, and is given by: f' = V'/λ = (V+Vo)/λ." http://physics.bu.edu/~redner/211-sp06/class19/class19_doppler.html

    "The wavelength is staying the same in this [moving observer] case." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHepfIIsKcE

    Pentcho Valev https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

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  • From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Thu May 4 02:45:46 2023
    Speed and frequency vary proportionally as light falls in a gravitational field:

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: "Consider a falling object. Its speed increases as it is falling. Hence, if we were to associate a frequency with that object the frequency should increase accordingly as it falls to earth. Because of the
    equivalence between gravitational and inertial mass, we should observe the same effect for light. So lets shine a light beam from the top of a very tall building. If we can measure the frequency shift as the light beam descends the building, we should be
    able to discern how gravity affects a falling light beam. This was done by Pound and Rebka in 1960. They shone a light from the top of the Jefferson tower at Harvard and measured the frequency shift. The frequency shift was tiny but in agreement with the
    theoretical prediction." https://courses.physics.illinois.edu/phys419/sp2011/lectures/Lecture13/L13r.html

    James Hartle, Gravity: An Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity, p. 113: "If we accept the equivalence principle, we must also accept that light falls in a gravitational field with the same acceleration as material bodies." https://www.amazon.com/
    Gravity-Introduction-Einsteins-General-Relativity/dp/0805386629

    Paul A. Tipler, Ralph A. Llewellyn, Modern Physics: "But according to the equivalence principle, there is no way to distinguish between an accelerating compartment and one with uniform velocity in a uniform gravitational field. We conclude, therefore,
    that A BEAM OF LIGHT WILL ACCELERATE IN A GRAVITATIONAL FIELD AS DO OBJECTS WITH REST MASS. For example, near the surface of Earth light will fall with acceleration 9.8 m/s^2." http://web.pdx.edu/~pmoeck/books/Tipler_Llewellyn.pdf

    But if speed of light and frequency vary proportionally, the wavelength of light remains constant, in accordance with the formula

    (frequency) = (speed of light)/(wavelength)

    Pentcho Valev https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

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  • From Pentcho Valev@21:1/5 to All on Thu May 4 11:36:13 2023
    Modern physics teaches that light waves, like sound or water waves, bunch up in front of the moving emitter:

    "The wavefronts will bunch up (get closer together) in front of the source as it travels and will be spaced out (further apart) behind it." https://theconversation.com/explainer-the-doppler-effect-7475

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mJTRXCMU6o&t=77s

    Bunching up is realistic for sound and water waves but in the case of light it is a preposterous concept that contradicts the principle of relativity. If the light waves bunched up in front of the emitter, the emitter could regularly measure the
    wavelength variations inside his spaceship - so he would know his spaceship's speed without looking outside. If, for instance, measurements inside the spaceship show that the wavelength has decreased, the emitter will conclude that his spaceship is now
    moving faster than before.

    Some theoreticians see the absurdity and try to camouflage it by declaring that bunching up is actual only for the observer (receiver). For the emitter it does not exist - the wavelength remains constant for him. This is idiocy of course but still there
    is a valuable truth in it. Yes, the wavelength leaves the emitter constant, independent of the emitter's speed.

    Pentcho Valev https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

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