The liquid is lifted at the expense of ambient heat:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muXqn76eX0I&t=4s

Essentially the same process - the liquid is lifted at the expense of ambient heat:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dn6r1Ag1npE

Essentially the same process - the jet can do mechanical work (e.g. by rotating a waterwheel) at the expense of ambient heat:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoZnzIO9ZJ0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLcw1fMoc-U&t=112s

Essentially the same process - the vigorous flow can do mechanical work (e.g. by rotating a waterwheel) at the expense of ambient heat:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hr76wCqq_4k

"If environmental heat can be economically converted into useful work on a wide scale—electrical, mechanical, chemical—the effects on the energy sector, the global economy, societal and ecological welfare, warfare, and virtually all aspects of
civilization and its relationship to Nature are difficult to predict, but they are likely to be profound—and, we hope, mostly salutary." https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364656198_Sustainable_Energy_and_the_Second_Law_of_Thermodynamics_An_
Introduction_to_the_Special_Issue

Pentcho Valev https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

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"There is a discovery that is causing a lot of talk in the world of science. Which? A group of physicists at the University of Arkansas has developed circuits capable of capturing the thermal motion of graphene and transforming it into electric current...
The idea of ​​extracting energy from graphene is rather controversial, because it goes against the affirmation of the famous physicist Richard Feynman, according to which the thermal motion of atoms, known as Brownian motion, cannot do work. However,
Thibado's team found that, at room temperature, the thermal motion of graphene actually induces an alternating current (AC) in the circuits. It is an achievement that was simply thought impossible." https://en.futuroprossimo.it/2023/04/energia-infinita-
grazie-ai-circuiti-di-grafene-rivoluzione-in-arrivo/

"The potential implications of second law research are obvious. What is at stake is virtually all the energy in the world. The total thermal energy content of the atmosphere, ocean, and upper crust is estimated to be 10,000 times greater than that of
known carbon fuel and fission fuel reserves. In quantity, the energy stores of thermal energy are almost boundless and, because second-law–violating devices allow conversion of waste heat back into work over and over again without limit, the energy
stores can be considered effectively infinite...In light of second law developments since the mid1990s, now might seem a good time to start preparing for a world in which thermal energy will be the coin of the realm." https://philpapers.org/rec/HATSEA-4

Start preparing for a world in which thermal energy will be the coin of the realm? No, say theoretical physicists. Don't start preparing for anything if you wish to avoid deepest humiliation:

Arthur Eddington: "The law that entropy always increases—the Second Law of Thermodynamics—holds, I think, the supreme position among the laws of Nature. If someone points out to you that your pet theory of the universe is in disagreement with Maxwellâ
€™s equations—then so much the worse for Maxwell’s equations. If it is found to be contradicted by observation—well these experimentalists do bungle things sometimes. But if your theory is found to be against the second law of thermodynamics I can
give you no hope; there is nothing for it but to collapse in deepest humiliation." https://todayinsci.com/E/Eddington_Arthur/EddingtonArthur-Entropy-Quotations.htm

Pentcho Valev https://twitter.com/pentcho_valev

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