Unique foot posture in Neanderthals reflects their body mass and high mechanical stress
Rita Sorrentino cs 2021 JHE 161:1030
Hn foot-bone proportions & morphology are mostly indistinguishable from Hs, except several distinct Hn features in the talus.
The bio-mechanical implications of these distinct talar features remain contentious, fueling debate around the adaptive meaning of this distinctiveness.
We test phylogenetic & behavioral factors as possible contributors:
we compare 10 Hn & 81 Hs tali (UP & Holocene hunter-gatherers, agriculturalists & post-industrial group) + the Clark Howell talus (Omo, Ethiopia).
Variation in external talar structures was assessed through geometric morphometric methods,
bone volume fraction & degree of anisotropy were quantified in a subsample (n=45).
Co-variation between point clouds of site-specific trabecular variables & surface landmark coordinates was assessed.
Results: Hn talar external & internal morphologies were distinct from Hs groups,
but shape did not significantly co-vary with either bone volume fraction, or degree of anisotropy,
this suggests limited covariation between external & internal talar structures.
Hn external talar morphology reflects ancestral retentions + various adaptations to high levels of mobility correlated to their presumably unshod hunter-gatherer lifestyle.
This pairs with their high site-specific trabecular bone volume fraction & anisotropy, suggesting intense & consistently oriented locomotor loading resp.
Hn (vs Hs) exhibit differences in the talo-crural joint, potentially attributable to
- cultural & locomotor behavior dissimilarity,
- a talo-navicular joint that mixes ancestral & functional traits,
- a derived subtalar joint that suggests a predisposition for a pronated foot during stance phase.
Overall, Hn talar variation is attributable to mobility strategy & phylogenesis,
Hs talar variation results from the same factors + footwear.
Our results suggest that greater Hn body mass and/or higher mechanical stress uniquely led to their habitually pronated foot posture.
Unique foot posture in Neanderthals reflects their body mass and high mechanical stress
Rita Sorrentino cs 2021 JHE 161:1030
Hn foot-bone proportions & morphology are mostly indistinguishable from Hs, except several distinct Hn features in the talus.
The bio-mechanical implications of these distinct talar features remain contentious, fueling debate around the adaptive meaning of this distinctiveness.
We test phylogenetic & behavioral factors as possible contributors:
we compare 10 Hn & 81 Hs tali (UP & Holocene hunter-gatherers, agriculturalists & post-industrial group) + the Clark Howell talus (Omo, Ethiopia).
Variation in external talar structures was assessed through geometric morphometric methods,
bone volume fraction & degree of anisotropy were quantified in a subsample (n=45).
Co-variation between point clouds of site-specific trabecular variables & surface landmark coordinates was assessed.
Results:
Hn talar external & internal morphologies were distinct from Hs groups,
but shape did not significantly co-vary with either bone volume fraction, or degree of anisotropy,
this suggests limited covariation between external & internal talar structures.
Hn external talar morphology reflects ancestral retentions + various adaptations to high levels of mobility correlated to their presumably unshod hunter-gatherer lifestyle.
This pairs with their high site-specific trabecular bone volume fraction & anisotropy, suggesting intense & consistently oriented locomotor loading resp.
Hn (vs Hs) exhibit differences in the talo-crural joint, potentially attributable to
- cultural & locomotor behavior dissimilarity,
- a talo-navicular joint that mixes ancestral & functional traits,
- a derived subtalar joint that suggests a predisposition for a pronated foot during stance phase.
Overall,
- Hn talar variation is attributable to mobility strategy & phylogenesis,
- Hs talar variation results from the same factors + footwear.
Our results suggest that greater Hn body mass and/or higher mechanical stress uniquely led to their habitually pronated foot posture.
Op vrijdag 12 november 2021 om 23:32:11 UTC+1 schreef DD'eDeN aka note/nickname/alas_my_loves:-
Unique foot posture in Neanderthals reflects their body mass and high mechanical stressPronated foot posture is maladaptive to running: probably for swimming.
Rita Sorrentino cs 2021 JHE 161:1030
Hn foot-bone proportions & morphology are mostly indistinguishable from Hs, except several distinct Hn features in the talus.
The bio-mechanical implications of these distinct talar features remain contentious, fueling debate around the adaptive meaning of this distinctiveness.
We test phylogenetic & behavioral factors as possible contributors:
we compare 10 Hn & 81 Hs tali (UP & Holocene hunter-gatherers, agriculturalists & post-industrial group) + the Clark Howell talus (Omo, Ethiopia).
Variation in external talar structures was assessed through geometric morphometric methods,
bone volume fraction & degree of anisotropy were quantified in a subsample (n=45).
Co-variation between point clouds of site-specific trabecular variables & surface landmark coordinates was assessed.
Results: Hn talar external & internal morphologies were distinct from Hs groups,
but shape did not significantly co-vary with either bone volume fraction, or degree of anisotropy,
this suggests limited covariation between external & internal talar structures.
Hn external talar morphology reflects ancestral retentions + various adaptations to high levels of mobility correlated to their presumably unshod hunter-gatherer lifestyle.
This pairs with their high site-specific trabecular bone volume fraction & anisotropy, suggesting intense & consistently oriented locomotor loading resp.
Hn (vs Hs) exhibit differences in the talo-crural joint, potentially attributable to
- cultural & locomotor behavior dissimilarity,
- a talo-navicular joint that mixes ancestral & functional traits,
- a derived subtalar joint that suggests a predisposition for a pronated foot during stance phase.
Overall, Hn talar variation is attributable to mobility strategy & phylogenesis,
Hs talar variation results from the same factors + footwear.
Our results suggest that greater Hn body mass and/or higher mechanical stress uniquely led to their habitually pronated foot posture.
The word "unshod" also shows how absurd & impossible the antelope running ideas are.
I don't see the word "chin" (obviously an adaptation from archaic->sapiens = diving->wading = loss of prognathism & platycephaly).
Some idiots at this forum seem to believe that because we have long legs & are bipedal, we can't have had semi-aquatic ancestors.
Why don't these fools inform before talking?? esp. read the relevant literature?
How can one be so stupid?
All primates have a tendency to be more upright (arboreal),
and australopiths were aquarboreal = bipedally wading + climbing arms overhead in swamp forests,
google our TREE paper "Aquarboreal Ancestors?".
H.erectus was anatomically perfectly adapted to shallow-diving for shellfish:
https://imgshare.io/image/verhaegen1985.NnU1uX
Whether erectus was an evolutionary nephew of ours, or we derive from comparable ancestors, is uncertain,
in any case, there was a late-Pleistocene phase of H.sapiens frequent wading, were we evolved longer legs for wading than seen in H.erectus.
Google "coastal dispersal Pleitocene Homo PPT".
Unique foot posture in Neanderthals reflects their body mass and high mechanical stress
Rita Sorrentino cs 2021 JHE 161:1030 doi 10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103093
Pronate foot (e.g. in neanderthal) means walking on the inside of the foot: the hallux, the ball of the foot and not the distal portion of the sole. ...
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