• Re: C4 grasses and hominid emergence in a dryher environment

    From littoral.homo@gmail.com@21:1/5 to All on Thu May 11 02:24:01 2023
    Op woensdag 10 mei 2023 om 22:59:04 UTC+2 schreef Primum Sapienti:
    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq2834


    Yes, my boy, a dryher environment... :-DDD

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  • From Primum Sapienti@21:1/5 to littor...@gmail.com on Thu May 11 22:33:00 2023
    littor...@gmail.com wrote:
    Op woensdag 10 mei 2023 om 22:59:04 UTC+2 schreef Primum Sapienti:
    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq2834


    Yes, my boy, a dryher environment... :-DDD


    Yes, C4 grasses. Drier.

    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq2834

    "These data push back the oldest evidence of C4
    grass–dominated habitats in Africa—and globally—by
    more than 10 million years, calling for revised
    paleoecological interpretations of mammalian evolution."

    By more than 10 million years.

    "Grasses using the C4 photosynthetic pathway are
    ubiquitous across Earth’s low to mid-latitudes,
    dominating modern tropical lowland grassland and
    savannah ecosystems."

    "Every site yielded some paleosol samples with
    d13C values indicating that standing biomass
    was a mixture of C3 plants and water-stressed
    C3 and/or C4 biomass (Fig. 2A)(16, 17)."

    Water stressed. Do you understand?

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  • From littoral.homo@gmail.com@21:1/5 to All on Fri May 12 06:27:35 2023
    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq2834
    "These data push back the oldest evidence of C4
    grass–dominated habitats in Africa—and globally—by
    more than 10 million years, calling for revised
    paleoecological interpretations of mammalian evolution."
    By more than 10 million years.
    "Grasses using the C4 photosynthetic pathway are
    ubiquitous across Earth’s low to mid-latitudes,
    dominating modern tropical lowland grassland and
    savannah ecosystems."
    "Every site yielded some paleosol samples with
    d13C values indicating that standing biomass
    was a mixture of C3 plants and water-stressed
    C3 and/or C4 biomass (Fig. 2A)(16, 17)."
    Water stressed. Do you understand?

    :-DDD
    As everybody knows, the hominoid LCA c 20 Ma split in S-Asia into lesser (hylobatids, c 20 spp) & great apes (7 spp): only chimps (via S-Afr.Rift africanus->robustus->Pan) & gorillas (via N-Afr.Rift afarensis->boisei->Gorilla) live in Africa: late-
    Miocene hominids still lived in Red Sea forests.
    Google
    -GondwanaTalks verhaegen
    -WHATtalk verhaegen

    My book p.73:
    Morotopithecus (~21 Ma, ~40 kg) had een groot gebit en schedel gelijkend op Afro- en Heliopithecus hieronder: brede neus, grote kaakholtes, lang gelaat met een lange rij kiezen met dik kiesglazuur (met kammen voor bladeten, denkt Laura MacLatchy),
    vooruitstekende snijtanden en massieve hoektanden (maar zonder Afropithecus' saki-achtige specialisatie, zegt Andrew Deane). De dijbotkop was ‘primitief’ zoals bij hondapen (boventakkers), maar de dijschacht was kort en uitzonderlijk zwaar (nog
    zwaarder dan bij lori’s en orangs, trage hangklimmers – erg zware pootbotten zie je bij zeeotters, nijlpaarden en Pakicetus, een vermoedelijk-wadende oerwalvis). Er waren blijkbaar 7 of 6 lendenwervels zoals bij de meeste apen en Proconsul (mensen en
    gibbons ~5, grote-mensapen ~4), maar de erg ‘lage’ lendenwervels, de lange doornuitsteeksels achteraan de wervels, en de zoals bij ons naar achteren opgeschoven stevige dwarsuitsteeksels (processus transversi, Sanders 1993) doen denken aan een stijf
    opgerichte romp, voor tweebenigheid volgens Aaron Filler – ik denk verticaal klimmen en waden en misschien drijven in waterbos. De begeleidende fauna wees op een soort dambo, zegt Brigitte Senut: drasland vol biezen en zeggen, dat in het natte seizoen
    sterk onderwater staat. Martin Pickford twijfelt of de zware dijbotten en ‘moderne’ wervels wel bij de schedel horen, en volgens Masato Nakatsukasa leek het dwarsuitsteeksel onafhankelijk van ons naar achteren verschoven (in parallel), of varieerde
    de plaatsing van wervel tot wervel.
    Afropithecus (~16 Ma) geleek op Morotopithecus, lag ook bij waterdwerghertjes, varieerde ook sterk in gewicht, had een erg lang gelaat, zoals sommige veel vroegere en kleinere Fayyūm-apen (Aegyptopithecus, Saadanius), met ondiep verhemelte, grote, brede,
    spatelvormige, vooruitstekende bovensnijtanden, de middenste veel groter dan de tweede (zoals bij orangs), rechthoekige tandenboog en heel forse kiezen met nogal dik gerimpeld glazuur en afgeronde knobbels (bunodont). Hun sterke hoektanden waren saki-
    achtig (sclerocarp): kraakten ze harde vruchtdoppen? Hun ovale oogkassen, stevig omrand, stonden opvallend uiteen: hielpen grote neusholtes hun ogen, mond en neusgaten boven water? Ze leken nog vooral boventakkers, met forse grijphanden, volgens sommigen
    in tropische bossen met bladverlies in het droge seizoen. De iets kleinere ‘Saudi Ape’ (Helio- of Afropithecus leakeyi 18 of 17 Ma) lag in tropische kustafzettingen van de zuidelijke Tethys, nu de Perzische Golf.

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  • From Primum Sapienti@21:1/5 to littor...@gmail.com on Sun Jun 4 23:32:26 2023
    littor...@gmail.com wrote:
    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq2834
    "These data push back the oldest evidence of C4
    grass–dominated habitats in Africa—and globally—by
    more than 10 million years, calling for revised
    paleoecological interpretations of mammalian evolution."
    By more than 10 million years.
    "Grasses using the C4 photosynthetic pathway are
    ubiquitous across Earth’s low to mid-latitudes,
    dominating modern tropical lowland grassland and
    savannah ecosystems."
    "Every site yielded some paleosol samples with
    d13C values indicating that standing biomass
    was a mixture of C3 plants and water-stressed
    C3 and/or C4 biomass (Fig. 2A)(16, 17)."
    Water stressed. Do you understand?

    :-DDD
    As everybody knows, the hominoid LCA c 20 Ma split in S-Asia into lesser (hylobatids, c 20 spp) & great apes

    Nothing to do with the climate work in this paper...

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    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From littoral.homo@gmail.com@21:1/5 to All on Mon Jun 5 01:58:35 2023
    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq2834
    "These data push back the oldest evidence of C4
    grass–dominated habitats in Africa—and globally—by
    more than 10 million years, calling for revised
    paleoecological interpretations of mammalian evolution."
    By more than 10 million years.
    "Grasses using the C4 photosynthetic pathway are
    ubiquitous across Earth’s low to mid-latitudes,
    dominating modern tropical lowland grassland and
    savannah ecosystems."
    "Every site yielded some paleosol samples with
    d13C values indicating that standing biomass
    was a mixture of C3 plants and water-stressed
    C3 and/or C4 biomass (Fig. 2A)(16, 17)."

    Kudu runner:
    Water stressed. Do you understand?

    :-DDD
    As everybody knows, the hominoid LCA c 20 Ma split in S-Asia into lesser (hylobatids, c 20 spp) & great apes

    Kudu runner; snipping the evidence:

    Nothing to do with the climate work in this paper...

    ??
    Are you *really* so dumb as you pretend?? :-DDD

    The hominoid LCA c 20 Ma split in S-Asia into lesser (hylobatids, c 18 spp) & great apes (7 spp), IOW,
    -- 16 % of extant hominoid spp live in Africa,
    -- 80 % live in SE.Asia,
    -- Homo is ubiquitous, but originated in S-Asia, e.g. google
    -GondwanaTalks verhaegen
    -WHATtalk verhaegen.

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