The exploitation of crabs by Last Interglacial Iberian Neanderthals:
the evidence from Gruta da Figueira Brava (Portugal)
Mariana Nabais, Catherine Dupont & João Zilhão 2023
Front.Environ.Archaeol. Sec.Zooarchaeology vol.2
doi org/10.3389/fearc.2023.1097815

Hominin consumption of small prey has been much discussed over the past decades.
Such resources are often considered to be unproductive in the mid-Paleolithic, due to their limited meat yield (low energy return).
But ethnographic studies suggest: small prey incl.shellfish are a reliable, predictable, by no means marginal resource,
there is increasing evidence for their inclusion in hominin diets, mid-Paleolithic & even earlier.

Gruta da Figueira Brava features a MIS 5c-5b Neanderthal occupation that left behind substantial, human-accumulated terrestrial & marine faunal remains, capped by reworked levels that contain some naturally accumulated, recent Holocene material, namely
the remains of small crab spp & echinoderms.
The brown crab Cancer pagurus predominates in the intact mid-Paleolithic deposit,
reconstruction of its carapace width (based on regression from claw size) shows a preference for rel.large individuals.
The detailed analysis of the Cancer pagurus remains reveals:
complete animals were brought to the site, where they were roasted on coals, and then cracked open to access the flesh.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Thursday, March 30, 2023 at 2:32:17 AM UTC-7, littor...@gmail.com wrote:

The exploitation of crabs by Last Interglacial Iberian Neanderthals:
the evidence from Gruta da Figueira Brava (Portugal)
Mariana Nabais, Catherine Dupont & João Zilhão 2023 Front.Environ.Archaeol. Sec.Zooarchaeology vol.2
doi org/10.3389/fearc.2023.1097815

Hominin consumption of small prey has been much discussed over the past decades.
Such resources are often considered to be unproductive in the mid-Paleolithic, due to their limited meat yield (low energy return).
But ethnographic studies suggest: small prey incl.shellfish are a reliable, predictable, by no means marginal resource,
there is increasing evidence for their inclusion in hominin diets, mid-Paleolithic & even earlier.

Gruta da Figueira Brava features a MIS 5c-5b Neanderthal occupation that left behind substantial, human-accumulated terrestrial & marine faunal remains, capped by reworked levels that contain some naturally accumulated, recent Holocene material, namely

the remains of small crab spp & echinoderms.

The brown crab Cancer pagurus predominates in the intact mid-Paleolithic deposit,
reconstruction of its carapace width (based on regression from claw size) shows a preference for rel.large individuals.
The detailed analysis of the Cancer pagurus remains reveals:
complete animals were brought to the site, where they were roasted on coals, and then cracked open to access the flesh.

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

James McGinn / Genius

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Solving Tornadoes wrote:

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Yes. Really. They were exploiting marine resources. This really does
mean that Aquatic Ape/Littoral Ape/Waterside Ape (take your pick for
a name) is correct.

It might be interesting to find out how you're misunderstanding this,
but your mental disorder promise to keep it annoying and not just
stupid.





-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/tagged/AGW

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On Thursday, March 30, 2023 at 5:21:47 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Solving Tornadoes wrote:

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Yes. Really. They were exploiting marine resources.

What if only ten percent of them exploited marine resources? And only occasionally? What would you call them then?

LOL. How about you call them the, Ten Percent and Occasionally Aquatic Ape/Littoral Ape/Waterside Ape Theory.

What if 90 percent of them regularly ate fruit, leaves, tubers, nuts, seeds, small animals, bugs, grain? Would we then call them the . . . ?

It just keeps getting more ridiculous.

Aquatic Ape Theory is a goat rope.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Aquatic Ape began a very long time ago. I like to say
8.7 million years but undoubtedly long before that.
As the good Doctor points out, it’s likely what spawned
apes altogether!

8.7 million years ago there was a bottleneck. There was
A major catastrophe, an Extinction Level Event, where a
southern, coastal group would have had an evolutionary
Advantage over an inland group.

A selective advantage.

This kind of suggests that Aquatic Ape was already a
Thing...

Oh. It was a super volcano. On the order of Toba in size.

I’m sure there were other bottle necks, not all of them
Climate upheavals like super volcanoes. Take the
Chromosome fusion, for example.

There’s some online jackass preaching Intelligent Design
Where God evolved them because it got dry... “Garden
Something” idiocy. Clearly our mental health resources are
Not what & where they should be...

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Op vrijdag 31 maart 2023 om 02:21:47 UTC+2 schreef JTEM is so reasonable:

Netloon:

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Yes. Really. They were exploiting marine resources. This really does
mean that Aquatic Ape/Littoral Ape/Waterside Ape (take your pick for
a name) is correct.
It might be interesting to find out how you're misunderstanding this,
but your mental disorder promise to keep it annoying and not just
stupid.

Let these netloons, JTEM, they only "answer" with irrelevant & ridiculous questions:
I only showed an abstract of a recent archaeol.article:

"The exploitation of crabs by Last Interglacial Iberian Neanderthals:
the evidence from Gruta da Figueira Brava (Portugal)"
Mariana Nabais cs 2023 doi org/10.3389/fearc.2023.1097815
Hominin consumption of small prey has been much discussed over the past decades.
Such resources are often considered to be unproductive in the mid-Paleolithic, due to their limited meat yield (low energy return).
But ethnographic studies suggest:
small prey incl.shellfish are a reliable, predictable, by no means marginal resource,
there is increasing evidence for their inclusion in hominin diets: mid-Paleolithic & even earlier.
Gruta da Figueira Brava features a MIS 5c-5b Hn occupation,
it left behind substantial, human-accumulated terrestrial & marine faunal remains (capped by reworked levels + some naturally accumulated Holocene material):
the remains of small crab spp & echinoderms.
The brown crab Cancer pagurus predominates in the intact mid-Paleolithic deposit,
reconstruction of its carapace width (based on regression from claw size) shows a preference for rel.large individuals.
The detailed analysis of the Cancer pagurus remains reveals:
complete animals were brought to the site,
they were roasted on coals, and then cracked open to access the flesh.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Thursday, March 30, 2023 at 7:15:58 PM UTC-7, Claudius Denk wrote:

On Thursday, March 30, 2023 at 5:21:47 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Solving Tornadoes wrote:

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Yes. Really. They were exploiting marine resources.

What if only ten percent of them exploited marine resources? And only occasionally? What would you call them then?

No response

LOL. How about you call them the, Ten Percent and Occasionally Aquatic Ape/Littoral Ape/Waterside Ape Theory?

No response

What if 90 percent of them regularly ate fruit, leaves, tubers, nuts, seeds, small animals, bugs, grain? Would we then call them the . . . ?

No response.

It just keeps getting more ridiculous.

Aquatic Ape Theory is a goat rope.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

littor...@gmail.com wrote:

Let these netloons, JTEM, they only "answer" with irrelevant & ridiculous questions:
I only showed an abstract of a recent archaeol.article:

Yeah. I'm not playing. I'm sticking to the topic, the debate, the message.




-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/713529832816902144

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On Sunday, April 2, 2023 at 11:46:24 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

littor...@gmail.com wrote:

Let these netloons, JTEM, they only "answer" with irrelevant & ridiculous questions:
I only showed an abstract of a recent archaeol.article:

Yeah. I'm not playing. I'm sticking to the topic, the debate, the message.

If you idiots think it not obvious why you refuse to answer these question, I want to assure you that you are very, very wrong.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

littor...@gmail.com wrote:

Let these netloons, JTEM, they only "answer" with irrelevant & ridiculous questions:
I only showed an abstract of a recent archaeol.article:

Yeah. I'm not playing. I'm sticking to the topic, the debate, the message.

It's not about rationalizing something that a nutter thinks could lead to
an upright posture & bipedalism. It's about a model that encompasses everything. Aquatic Ape does that.

Aquatic Ape explains HOW people got everywhere from Australia to
southern most Africa, and it explains WHY.

Aquatic Ape explains HOW brains got bigger and it explains WHY.

I could go on, but there's no point when the nutters aren't capable of listening.





-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/713493613279150080

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On Monday, April 3, 2023 at 3:34:06 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

littor...@gmail.com wrote:

Let these netloons, JTEM, they only "answer" with irrelevant & ridiculous questions:
I only showed an abstract of a recent archaeol.article:

Yeah. I'm not playing. I'm sticking to the topic, the debate, the message.

It's not about rationalizing something that a nutter thinks could lead to
an upright posture & bipedalism. It's about a model that encompasses everything. Aquatic Ape does that.

Shut up, you vague nitwit. Your dumbass theory fails to predict hominid social adaptations.

Mine does not fail:
https://youtu.be/Z7TwiVul7F0

Claudius Denk / Genius

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Claudius Denk wrote:

On Thursday, March 30, 2023 at 5:21:47 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Solving Tornadoes wrote:

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Yes. Really. They were exploiting marine resources.

What if only ten percent of them exploited marine resources? And only occasionally? What would you call them then?

LOL. How about you call them the, Ten Percent and Occasionally Aquatic Ape/Littoral Ape/Waterside Ape Theory.

What if 90 percent of them regularly ate fruit, leaves, tubers, nuts, seeds, small animals, bugs, grain? Would we then call them the . . . ?

It just keeps getting more ridiculous.

Aquatic Ape Theory is a goat rope.

On Planet AA, they only have to do it once to be aquatic.

Here's a short video of a coyote catching a fish

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjCd09VyQbE

To aaers, that means ALL coyotes everywhere are aquatic. Such
is the stupidity of just so story science.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/news/2023/02/archaeological-breakthrough-evidence-that-neanderthals-hunted-giant-elephants
Scientific breakthrough: evidence that Neanderthals hunted
giant elephants
02 February 2023

Neanderthals were able to outwit straight-tusked
elephants, the largest land mammals of the past few
million years. Leiden professor Wil Roebroeks has
published an article about this together with his
German colleague Sabine Gaudzinski-Windheuser in the
Science Advances journal.
...



https://www.science.org/content/article/neanderthals-lived-groups-big-enough-eat-giant-elephants

Neanderthals lived in groups big enough to eat giant elephants
Meat from the butchered beasts would have fed hundreds

On the muddy shores of a lake in east-central Germany,
Neanderthals gathered some 125,000 years ago to butcher
massive elephants. With sharp stone tools, they harvested
up to 4 tons of flesh from each animal, according to a
new study that is casting these ancient human relatives
in a new light. The degree of organization required to
carry out the butchery—and the sheer quantity of food it
provided - suggests Neanderthals could form much larger
social groups than previously thought.
...



https://www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.1126/sciadv.add8186

Hunting and processing of straight-tusked elephants 125.000
years ago: Implications for Neanderthal behavior

Straight-tusked elephants (Palaeoloxodon antiquus) were
the largest terrestrial mammals of the Pleistocene, present
in Eurasian landscapes between 800,000 and 100,000 years
ago.The occasional co-occurrence of their skeletal remains
with stone tools has generated rich speculation about the
nature of interactions between these elephants and
Pleistocene humans: Did hominins scavenge on elephants that
died a natural death or maybe even hunt some individuals?
Our archaeozoological study of the largest P. antiquus
assemblage known, excavated from 125,000-year-old lake
deposits in Germany, shows that hunting of elephants
weighing up to 13 metric tons was part of the cultural
repertoire of Last Interglacial Neanderthals there, over

2000 years, many dozens of generations. The intensity and

nutritional yields of these well-documented butchering
activities, combined with previously reported data from
this Neumark-Nordsite complex, suggest that Neanderthals
were less mobileand operated within social units
substantially larger than commonly envisaged.
...

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Solving Tornadoes wrote:

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Yes. Really. They were exploiting marine resources. This really does
mean that Aquatic Ape/Littoral Ape/Waterside Ape (take your pick for
a name) is correct.

Is this aquatic?


https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130603163749.htm

Most apes eat leaves and fruits from trees and shrubs.
New studies spearheaded by the University of Utah show
that human ancestors expanded their menu 3.5 million
years ago, adding tropical grasses and sedges to an
ape-like diet and setting the stage for our modern
diet of grains, grasses, and meat and dairy from
grazing animals.

In four new studies of carbon isotopes in fossilized
tooth enamel from scores of human ancestors and baboons
in Africa from 4 million to 10,000 years ago, a team
of two dozen researchers found a surprise increase in
the consumption of grasses and sedges -- plants that
resemble grasses and rushes but have stems and
triangular cross sections.

"At last, we have a look at 4 million years of the
dietary evolution of humans and their ancestors," says
University of Utah geochemist Thure Cerling, principal
author of two of the four new studies published online
June 3 by the journal Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences. Most funding was from the
National Science Foundation.

"For a long time, primates stuck by the old
restaurants -- leaves and fruits -- and by 3.5 million
years ago, they started exploring new diet
possibilities -- tropical grasses and sedges -- that
grazing animals discovered a long time before, about
10 million years ago" when African savanna began
expanding, Cerling says. "Tropical grasses provided a
new set of restaurants. We see an increasing reliance
on this new resource by human ancestors that most
primates still don't use today."

Grassy savannas and grassy woodlands in East Africa
were widespread by 6 million to 7 million years ago. It
is a major question why human ancestors didn't seriously
start exploiting savanna grasses until less than 4
million years ago.


https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1222568110
Stable isotope-based diet reconstructions of Turkana
Basin hominins

Abstract
Hominin fossil evidence in the Turkana Basin in Kenya
from ca. 4.1 to 1.4 Ma samples two archaic early hominin
genera and records some of the early evolutionary
history of Paranthropus and Homo. Stable carbon isotopes
in fossil tooth enamel are used to estimate the fraction
of diet derived from C3 or C4 resources in these hominin
taxa. The earliest hominin species in the Turkana Basin,
Australopithecus anamensis, derived nearly all of its
diet from C3 resources. Subsequently, by ca. 3.3 Ma, the
later Kenyanthropus platyops had a very wide dietary
range—from virtually a purely C3 resource-based diet to
one dominated by C4 resources. By ca. 2 Ma, hominins in
the Turkana Basin had split into two distinct groups:
specimens attributable to the genus Homo provide evidence
for a diet with a ca. 65/35 ratio of C3- to C4-based
resources, whereas P. boisei had a higher fraction of
C4-based diet (ca. 25/75 ratio). Homo sp. increased the
fraction of C4-based resources in the diet through ca.
1.5 Ma, whereas P. boisei maintained its high dependency
on C4-derived resources.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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Primum Sapienti wrote:

Scientific breakthrough: evidence that Neanderthals hunted
giant elephants

Wow. You posted that! And afterwords did you Google DHA and
the brain and see that all the cites had now vanished? Because
you re-reposted this?

You have NO IDEA what an argument is! Seriously.

"The hunted elephants so DHA gone!"

Nope.



-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/713876271508193280

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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Primum Sapienti wrote:

Is this aquatic?

"Coastal Dispersal" is literally "Aquatic Ape."

There's no separation what so ever.

If you go into court, it doesn't matter how many people you
can prove a suspect didn't kill. Once you proved he killed
even a single individual he's a murder.

....yes, even if he didn't kill the other 8 billion or so.

Humans arose from an Aquatic Ape/Littoral/Waterside
ancestor.



-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/713876271508193280

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Primum Sapienti wrote:

Here's a short video of a coyote catching a fish

I know you're emotionally unstable and arguably retarded but,
what on earth do you think you're refuting?

"Well DHA can't be important to our brains cus a coyote caught
a fish."

If you were healthy, or took your lithium, you might have a shot
at seeing how incredibly stupid you are.

This is why you troll... to pretend it's not you that's stupid... "It
doesn't count cus I'm saying these stupid things while cowering
behind a handle."

No, it counts. You're retarded. And a sociopath but clearly retarded.

...maybe if you added more DHA to your diet.



-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/713876271508193280

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On Friday, April 7, 2023 at 10:55:25 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Primum Sapienti wrote:

Is this aquatic?

"Coastal Dispersal" is literally "Aquatic Ape."

There's no separation what so ever.

If they also climbed mountains would they also be alpine apes? "Alpine dispersal."

If you go into court, it doesn't matter how many people you
can prove a suspect didn't kill. Once you proved he killed
even a single individual he's a murder.

I'd hate to be on trial for murder and have you as my lawyer.

....yes, even if he didn't kill the other 8 billion or so.

Humans arose from an Aquatic Ape/Littoral/Waterside
ancestor.

Alpine, from a mountainside ancestor.

And then what about deserts?

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

kudu runner:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130603163749.htm
Most apes eat leaves and fruits from trees and shrubs.
New studies spearheaded by the University of Utah show
that human ancestors expanded their menu 3.5 million
years ago, adding tropical grasses and sedges ...

Yes:
- Nodki gorilla still sometimes wade bipedally for sedges.
- Rice is still the most important human food.

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Change your handles all you want, you can't change the crazy!

No matter what you want to pretend, our brains had to evolve
under circumstances presents DHA in abundance. And that
means Aquatic Ape.




-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/713809263307472896

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
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On Saturday, April 8, 2023 at 12:26:00 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Change your handles all you want, you can't change the crazy!

No matter what you want to pretend, our brains had to evolve
under circumstances presents DHA in abundance.

And your source for this is Elaine Morgan. A playwright.

Right?

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Change your handles all you want, you can't change the crazy!

No matter what you want to pretend, our brains had to evolve
under circumstances presents DHA in abundance. And that
means Aquatic Ape.

Anyone intelligent enough to "Discover" Google or Bing can,
"Search Engines," can find all the proof they need that our
brains are dependent on DHA. So the next question is were
we better or worse at synthesizing it in the past?

Worse. Much worse.

Are we great at it now?

No. Not at all.

So if we're not all that good at it now, and we were much worse
at it in the past, the only way we could have evolved to be
dependent on DHA is if we evolved under circumstances where
it was abundant i.e. Aquatic Ape.





-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/713876271508193280

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Saturday, April 8, 2023 at 5:40:30 PM UTC-7, JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Change your handles all you want, you can't change the crazy!

No matter what you want to pretend, our brains had to evolve
under circumstances presents DHA in abundance. And that
means Aquatic Ape.

Anyone intelligent enough to "Discover" Google or Bing can,
"Search Engines," can find all the proof they need

So, you have nothing definitive.

Right?

CD

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Op donderdag 30 maart 2023 om 18:34:03 UTC+2 schreef Solving Tornadoes:

The exploitation of crabs by Last Interglacial Iberian Neanderthals:
the evidence from Gruta da Figueira Brava (Portugal)
Mariana Nabais, Catherine Dupont & João Zilhão 2023 Front.Environ.Archaeol. Sec.Zooarchaeology vol.2
doi org/10.3389/fearc.2023.1097815
Hominin consumption of small prey has been much discussed over the past decades.
Such resources are often considered to be unproductive in the mid-Paleolithic, due to their limited meat yield (low energy return).
But ethnographic studies suggest: small prey incl.shellfish are a reliable, predictable, by no means marginal resource,
there is increasing evidence for their inclusion in hominin diets, mid-Paleolithic & even earlier.
Gruta da Figueira Brava features a MIS 5c-5b Hn occupation that left behind substantial, human-accumulated terrestrial & marine faunal remains,
these are capped by reworked levels + some naturally accumulated, recent Holocene material: the remains of small crab spp & echinoderms.
The brown crab Cancer pagurus predominates in the intact mid-Paleolithic deposit,
reconstruction of its carapace width (based on regression from claw size) shows a preference for rel.large individuals.
The detailed analysis of the Cancer pagurus remains reveals:
complete animals were brought to the site, where they were roasted on coals, and then cracked open to access the flesh.

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Grow up, child, you're so ridiculous...
Of course, and this:

Sink or swim?
Bone density as a mechanism for buoyancy control in early cetaceans
Noel-Marie Gray cs 2007
Anat Rec 290:638-653
doi 10.1002/ar.20533.

Previous analyses have shown:
secondarily aquatic tetrapods (incl. whales) exhibit osteological adaptations to life in water, as part of their complex buoyancy control systems.
These structural specializations of bone span hyperostosis through osteoporosis.
The past 5 yrs of paleontological effort has provided an unprecedented opportunity to examine the osteological transfm of whales:
the transition to an obligate aquatic lifestyle over a 10-My period.
Do whales manifest their osteological specialization in the same manner as extant semi- & fully aquatic mammals?

We present a micro-structural analysis of bone in early & late archaic Cetacea, in a comparative sample of modern terrestrial, semi-aquatic & aquatic mammals.
Bone histology was examined from the ribs of 10 fossilized individuals of 5 early cetacean families: Pakicetidae, Ambulocetidae, Protocetidae, Remintonocetidae, Basilosauridae.
Comparisons were then made with rib histology from 9 genera of extant mammals: Odocoileus (deer), Bos (cow), Equus (horse), Canis (dog), Lutra (river otter), Enhydra (sea otter), Choeropsis (pygmy hippo), Trichechus (sea cow), Delphinus (dolphin).
Results:
the transition from terrestrial, to semi- to obligate aquatic locomotion in Archaeocetes involved a radical shift in bone function, achieved by means of profound changes at the micro-structural level.
Surprisingly, micro-structural change predates gross anatomical shift in archaeocetes ass.x swimming.
Histological analysis shows:
- high bone density is an aquatic specialization that provides static buoyancy control (ballast) for animals living in shallow water,
- low bone density is ass.x dynamic buoyancy control for animals living in deep water:
there was a shift from the typical terrestrial form, to osteopetrosis & pachyosteosclerosis, and then to osteoporosis in the 1st quarter of cetacean evol.history.

IOW, there's 0 doubt to real scientists that H.erectus (POS) diving for shallow-aquatic foods (most likely predom.shellfish: stone tools etc.).

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

On Sunday, April 9, 2023 at 4:00:39 AM UTC-7, littor...@gmail.com wrote:

Op donderdag 30 maart 2023 om 18:34:03 UTC+2 schreef Solving Tornadoes:

The exploitation of crabs by Last Interglacial Iberian Neanderthals:
the evidence from Gruta da Figueira Brava (Portugal)
Mariana Nabais, Catherine Dupont & João Zilhão 2023 Front.Environ.Archaeol. Sec.Zooarchaeology vol.2
doi org/10.3389/fearc.2023.1097815
Hominin consumption of small prey has been much discussed over the past decades.
Such resources are often considered to be unproductive in the mid-Paleolithic, due to their limited meat yield (low energy return).
But ethnographic studies suggest: small prey incl.shellfish are a reliable, predictable, by no means marginal resource,
there is increasing evidence for their inclusion in hominin diets, mid-Paleolithic & even earlier.
Gruta da Figueira Brava features a MIS 5c-5b Hn occupation that left behind substantial, human-accumulated terrestrial & marine faunal remains,
these are capped by reworked levels + some naturally accumulated, recent Holocene material: the remains of small crab spp & echinoderms.
The brown crab Cancer pagurus predominates in the intact mid-Paleolithic deposit,
reconstruction of its carapace width (based on regression from claw size) shows a preference for rel.large individuals.
The detailed analysis of the Cancer pagurus remains reveals:
complete animals were brought to the site, where they were roasted on coals, and then cracked open to access the flesh.

So, the fact that hominids ate crabs means they are aquatic? Really?

Grow up, child,

Fuck you. Answer the fucking question, asshole.

Are you or are you not saying that crab eating makes them aquatic?

Answer the question, asshole.

Claudius Denk / Genius

--- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
* Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)

Kudu runner's *only* argument:

asshole.

:-D https://www.gondwanatalks.com/l/the-waterside-hypothesis-wading-led-to-upright-walking-in-early-humans/

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On Sunday, April 9, 2023 at 10:46:49 AM UTC-7, littor...@gmail.com wrote:

Kudu runner's *only* argument:

asshole.

:-D https://www.gondwanatalks.com/l/the-waterside-hypothesis-wading-led-to-upright-walking-in-early-humans/

You idiots have zero understanding of biological evolution.

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Kudu runner:

On Sunday, April 9, 2023 at 10:46:49 AM UTC-7, littor...@gmail.com wrote:

Kudu runner's *only* argument:

asshole.

:-D https://www.gondwanatalks.com/l/the-waterside-hypothesis-wading-led-to-upright-walking-in-early-humans/

You idiots have zero understanding of biological evolution.

said the kudu runner... :-DDD

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JTEM is so reasonable wrote:

Primum Sapienti wrote:

Here's a short video of a coyote catching a fish

On Planet AA, they only have to do it once to be aquatic.

Here's a short video of a coyote catching a fish

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjCd09VyQbE

To aaers, that means ALL coyotes everywhere are aquatic. Such
is the stupidity of just so story science.

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snorkel nose wrote:

kudu runner:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130603163749.htm
Most apes eat leaves and fruits from trees and shrubs.
New studies spearheaded by the University of Utah show
that human ancestors expanded their menu 3.5 million
years ago, adding tropical grasses and sedges ...

Yes:

Is this aquatic?


https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130603163749.htm

Most apes eat leaves and fruits from trees and shrubs.
New studies spearheaded by the University of Utah show
that human ancestors expanded their menu 3.5 million
years ago, adding tropical grasses and sedges to an
ape-like diet and setting the stage for our modern
diet of grains, grasses, and meat and dairy from
grazing animals.

In four new studies of carbon isotopes in fossilized
tooth enamel from scores of human ancestors and baboons
in Africa from 4 million to 10,000 years ago, a team
of two dozen researchers found a surprise increase in
the consumption of grasses and sedges -- plants that
resemble grasses and rushes but have stems and
triangular cross sections.

"At last, we have a look at 4 million years of the
dietary evolution of humans and their ancestors," says
University of Utah geochemist Thure Cerling, principal
author of two of the four new studies published online
June 3 by the journal Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences. Most funding was from the
National Science Foundation.

"For a long time, primates stuck by the old
restaurants -- leaves and fruits -- and by 3.5 million
years ago, they started exploring new diet
possibilities -- tropical grasses and sedges -- that
grazing animals discovered a long time before, about
10 million years ago" when African savanna began
expanding, Cerling says. "Tropical grasses provided a
new set of restaurants. We see an increasing reliance
on this new resource by human ancestors that most
primates still don't use today."

Grassy savannas and grassy woodlands in East Africa
were widespread by 6 million to 7 million years ago. It
is a major question why human ancestors didn't seriously
start exploiting savanna grasses until less than 4
million years ago.


https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1222568110
Stable isotope-based diet reconstructions of Turkana
Basin hominins

Abstract
Hominin fossil evidence in the Turkana Basin in Kenya
from ca. 4.1 to 1.4 Ma samples two archaic early hominin
genera and records some of the early evolutionary
history of Paranthropus and Homo. Stable carbon isotopes
in fossil tooth enamel are used to estimate the fraction
of diet derived from C3 or C4 resources in these hominin
taxa. The earliest hominin species in the Turkana Basin,
Australopithecus anamensis, derived nearly all of its
diet from C3 resources. Subsequently, by ca. 3.3 Ma, the
later Kenyanthropus platyops had a very wide dietary
range—from virtually a purely C3 resource-based diet to
one dominated by C4 resources. By ca. 2 Ma, hominins in
the Turkana Basin had split into two distinct groups:
specimens attributable to the genus Homo provide evidence
for a diet with a ca. 65/35 ratio of C3- to C4-based
resources, whereas P. boisei had a higher fraction of
C4-based diet (ca. 25/75 ratio). Homo sp. increased the
fraction of C4-based resources in the diet through ca.
1.5 Ma, whereas P. boisei maintained its high dependency
on C4-derived resources.

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Primum Sapienti wrote:

On Planet AA

Moron make up their own definitions for concepts, because the
noise in their heads prevents them from grasping the goddamn
words right in front of them. This is not clever of you morons.

You're dogmatic, defending a religion. You can only perceive
noise from outside your head... outside your cherished beliefs.

Troll.



-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/100513175023

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Primum Sapienti wrote:

[...]

Human ancestors, huh?

You're proving that you reject science.

They cherry picked a location, assumed anything they
found was a human ancestor and then used this
assumption to declare what they found human ancestors.

How were the results verified?

Did they keep any 3.5 million year old ancestors around,
eating, to verifying their results?





-- --

https://jtem.tumblr.com/post/100513175023

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