JTEM is so reasonable wrote:
Primum Sapienti wrote:
Abstract
Hunting for meat was a critical step in all animal and
human evolution.
This is called "Circular Reasoning." They begin with their conclusion while
THIS must be circular reasoining too then: "Fishing was a critical
step in all animal and human evolution"
in real science -- and life in general -- you are suppose to be led to or "Arrive
at" your conclusion.
A key brain-trophic element in meat is
vitamin B3 / nicotinamide. The supply of meat and
nicotinamide steadily increased from the Cambrian
origin of animal predators ratcheting ever larger
brains.
Lol!
And here I am, positing Aquatic Ape and a focus on shellfish, when
shellfish has no... oops, sorry, my bad; plenty of B3.
But what you CAN get from that Aquatic Ape diet and DON'T get
chasing after antelope is DHA.
So NOTHING missing from the Aquatic Ape diet, TONS missing from
the savanna idiocy diet...
Meat and vegetation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5417583/
Int J Tryptophan Res. 2017; 10: 1178646917704661.
Published online 2017 May 2. doi: 10.1177/1178646917704661
Meat and Nicotinamide: A Causal Role in Human Evolution,
History, and Demographics
Abstract
Hunting for meat was a critical step in all animal and
human evolution. A key brain-trophic element in meat is
vitamin B3 / nicotinamide. The supply of meat and
nicotinamide steadily increased from the Cambrian
origin of animal predators ratcheting ever larger
brains. This culminated in the 3-million-year evolution
of Homo sapiens and our overall demographic success. We
view human evolution, recent history, and agricultural
and demographic transitions in the light of meat and
nicotinamide intake. A biochemical and immunological
switch is highlighted that affects fertility in the
‘de novo’ tryptophan-to-kynurenine-nicotinamide ‘immune
tolerance’ pathway. Longevity relates to nicotinamide
adenine dinucleotide consumer pathways. High meat intake
correlates with moderate fertility, high intelligence,
good health, and longevity with consequent population
stability, whereas low meat/high cereal intake (short
of starvation) correlates with high fertility, disease,
and population booms and busts. Too high a meat intake
and fertility falls below replacement levels. Reducing
variances in meat consumption might help stabilise
population growth and improve human capital.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/06/130603163749.htm
Most apes eat leaves and fruits from trees and shrubs.
New studies spearheaded by the University of Utah show
that human ancestors expanded their menu 3.5 million
years ago, adding tropical grasses and sedges to an
ape-like diet and setting the stage for our modern
diet of grains, grasses, and meat and dairy from
grazing animals.
In four new studies of carbon isotopes in fossilized
tooth enamel from scores of human ancestors and baboons
in Africa from 4 million to 10,000 years ago, a team
of two dozen researchers found a surprise increase in
the consumption of grasses and sedges -- plants that
resemble grasses and rushes but have stems and
triangular cross sections.
"At last, we have a look at 4 million years of the
dietary evolution of humans and their ancestors," says
University of Utah geochemist Thure Cerling, principal
author of two of the four new studies published online
June 3 by the journal Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences. Most funding was from the
National Science Foundation.
"For a long time, primates stuck by the old
restaurants -- leaves and fruits -- and by 3.5 million
years ago, they started exploring new diet
possibilities -- tropical grasses and sedges -- that
grazing animals discovered a long time before, about
10 million years ago" when African savanna began
expanding, Cerling says. "Tropical grasses provided a
new set of restaurants. We see an increasing reliance
on this new resource by human ancestors that most
primates still don't use today."
Grassy savannas and grassy woodlands in East Africa
were widespread by 6 million to 7 million years ago. It
is a major question why human ancestors didn't seriously
start exploiting savanna grasses until less than 4
million years ago.
https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1222568110
Stable isotope-based diet reconstructions of Turkana
Basin hominins
Abstract
Hominin fossil evidence in the Turkana Basin in Kenya
from ca. 4.1 to 1.4 Ma samples two archaic early hominin
genera and records some of the early evolutionary
history of Paranthropus and Homo. Stable carbon isotopes
in fossil tooth enamel are used to estimate the fraction
of diet derived from C3 or C4 resources in these hominin
taxa. The earliest hominin species in the Turkana Basin,
Australopithecus anamensis, derived nearly all of its
diet from C3 resources. Subsequently, by ca. 3.3 Ma, the
later Kenyanthropus platyops had a very wide dietary
range—from virtually a purely C3 resource-based diet to
one dominated by C4 resources. By ca. 2 Ma, hominins in
the Turkana Basin had split into two distinct groups:
specimens attributable to the genus Homo provide evidence
for a diet with a ca. 65/35 ratio of C3- to C4-based
resources, whereas P. boisei had a higher fraction of
C4-based diet (ca. 25/75 ratio). Homo sp. increased the
fraction of C4-based resources in the diet through ca.
1.5 Ma, whereas P. boisei maintained its high dependency
on C4-derived resources.
That's then evidence, kid. No just so story, no
hand waving.
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