https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960982222009289

Highlights
* Genome sequencing of a Late Pleistocene human (MZR, ∼14.0 kya) in
Southwest China
* MZR represents an early diversified modern human lineage in East Asia
* Genetic stratification in ancient southern populations of East/Southeast
Asia
* MZR deeply links to the East Asian ancestry that contributed to First Americans

Summary
Southern East Asia is the dispersal center regarding the prehistoric
settlement and migrations of modern humans in Asia-Pacific regions.
However, the settlement pattern and population structure of paleolithic
humans in this region remain elusive, and ancient DNA can provide
direct information. Here, we sequenced the genome of a Late
Pleistocene hominin (MZR), dated ∼14.0 thousand years ago from
Red Deer Cave located in Southwest China, which was previously
reported possessing mosaic features of modern and archaic hominins.
MZR is the first Late Pleistocene genome from southern East Asia. Our
results indicate that MZR is a modern human who represents an early
diversified lineage in East Asia. The mtDNA of MZR belongs to an
extinct basal lineage of the M9 haplogroup, reflecting a rich matrilineal diversity in southern East Asia during the Late Pleistocene. Combined
with the published data, we detected clear genetic stratification in
ancient southern populations of East/Southeast Asia and some degree
of south-versus-north divergency during the Late Pleistocene, and
MZR was identified as a southern East Asian who exhibits genetic
continuity to present day populations. Markedly, MZR is linked deeply
to the East Asian ancestry that contributed to First Americans.

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