This information only refers to the Australian Aboriginal M42c Mtdna Haplogroup of the Bibbulmun Nation.
Daisy Bates gathered information from the Bibbulmun people (Southern Western Australia) on all aspects of our history, culture and anatomy in understanding our origins.
Map showing Bibbulmun location and borders.
Daisy collected hair samples from our group that were sent to academics studying hair in Australia and overseas. Because hair can be grouped into three different racial groups it can be used to identify if it came from someone of European, Asian, or
African ancestry.
An example of Daisy’s information on hair showing our hair is different to Black races including Papuan New guinea. You would think after our hair would be nearest to African/ New Guinea than European?
A sample how the hair specimen were collected from my ancestors.
In 2017 our family supplied genetic material for the study - Aboriginal Australian mitochondrial genome variation – an increased understanding of population antiquity and diversity.
Aboriginal Australian mitochondrial genome variation – an increased understanding of population antiquity and diversity
Aboriginal Australians represent one of the oldest continuous cultures outside Africa, with evidence indicating that their ancestors arrived in the ancient landmass of Sahul (present-day New Guinea and Australia) ~55 thousand years ago. Genetic studies, .
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5347126/
In this study it was noted Novel M42c, our family group Mtdna to be older than M42a on the eastern side of Australia. - The common ancestor of the M42a and M42c evolved 50–53 KYA (Table 1) and this date may serve as an upper bound to the date of
colonization of Australia. The novel haplogroup M42c is 5–10 KY older than M42a.
M 42 haplogroup was not detected in New Guinea which adds support for Daisy’s work on our hair structure not being from New Guinean origins. Therefore our migration route was not via New Guinea supporting our ancestors migration legends was via West to
East how we arrived in Australia as told to Daisy.
The information contained in our DNA matches Daisy's information from our people and conclusions made from that data over a 100 years ago was no surprise to me.
Plus the 2017 study found we have been genetically isolated for at least 50,000 years, again I find this fact supports Daisy’s work.
2017 - As all Aboriginal-specific mitochondrial haplogroups are of great antiquity, show considerable substructure, and are (mostly) very widely dispersed across the Australian continent while not being present outside Australia, it can be inferred that
after initial colonisation some 50 KYA there has been a very long period of isolation of humans in Australia.
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The human colonisation of Australia occurred relatively soon after the migration of anatomically modern humans out of Northeast Africa some 60 to 80 thousand years ago (KYA)1,2,3. This initial settlement of Australia occurred between 47–55 KYA, based
on the dating of archaeological sites dispersed throughout the continent3,4,5,6,7, and the analysis of contemporary Aboriginal Australian DNA8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18.
We didn't migrate from northern Australia, nor related to the people in New Guinea as our origins are Dravidian and the source of the Dravidian in India. The reason being M42c is far older than M42a (Eastern Australian) and M42b (India) when these two
Haplogroups diverged as stated in the 2017 study.
Daisy’s conclusion (Origin of the Australian Race by Daisy Bates) on the Dravidian connection page 35 from the data she collected.
Of all the tribes in Australia we the nearest of kin to the Dravidian and be due to our DNA timeline and isolation the genetic source. If this is the case it would cast doubt on the out of Africa theory.
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