... It is often believed that human locomotion was an adaptation to the open plains, but when we separate our locomotion into its individual elements, this belief appears to be a just-so interpretation:while wading, though not in most wading mammals);
a) two-leggedness is seen in birds (including ostriches, flamingoes and penguins), many dinosaurs, and diverse mammals (including hopping mice and kangaroos on the savannah, indris and gibbons in the branches, and lowland gorillas and proboscis monkeys
b) full plantigrady (with the heels usually touching the ground or branch) is, for instance, seen in water opossums and sealions, whereas cursorial animals run on their toes or hooves (digiti- or unguligrady);
c) very long legs relative to trunk length are typical of frogs, kangaroos, indris, tarsiers, giraffes, ostriches and flamingoes, to name a few;
d) straight legs (as opposed to bent-knees-bent-hips in rest) are seen from wading-birds to giraffes, especially in large and heavily-built species;
e) a striding gait (with alternating limbs, as opposed to hopping) is seen in many walking, running and wading birds, and more frequently in larger-sized than in smaller birds;
f) truncal erectness is seen in some arboreal species (especially tarsiers and gibbons), meerkats on the look-out, penguins on land, etc.;
g) a latero-laterally broad trunk is typically seen in beavers and platypuses, and to a lesser degree in brachiating primates (apes and atelids);
h) an alined body (with head, trunk and legs in one line) is typical of swimming animals;
and so on.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237659580_New_directions_in_palaeoanthropology [accessed Sep 17 2021
wading, though not in most wading mammals);... It is often believed that human locomotion was an adaptation to the open plains, but when we separate our locomotion into its individual elements, this belief appears to be a just-so interpretation:
a) 2-leggedness is seen in birds (incl. ostriches, flamingoes & penguins), many dinosaurs, and diverse mammals (including hopping mice & kangaroos on the savannah, indris & gibbons in the branches, and lowland gorillas & proboscis monkeys while
b) full plantigrady (with the heels usually touching the ground or branch) is, for instance, seen in water opossums and sealions, whereas cursorial animals run on their toes or hooves (digiti- or unguligrady);
c) very long legs relative to trunk length are typical of frogs, kangaroos, indris, tarsiers, giraffes, ostriches and flamingoes, to name a few;
d) straight legs (as opposed to bent-knees-bent-hips in rest) are seen from wading-birds to giraffes, especially in large and heavily-built species;
e) a striding gait (with alternating limbs, as opposed to hopping) is seen in many walking, running and wading birds, and more frequently in larger-sized than in smaller birds;
f) truncal erectness is seen in some arboreal species (especially tarsiers and gibbons), meerkats on the look-out, penguins on land, etc.;
g) a latero-laterally broad trunk is typically seen in beavers and platypuses, and to a lesser degree in brachiating primates (apes and atelids);
h) an alined body (with head, trunk and legs in one line) is typical of swimming animals;
and so on. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237659580_New_directions_in_palaeoanthropology [accessed Sep 17 2021
Fallacy.
Arboreal slow-striding bipedalism & arboreal slow-swinging bimanualism were the complementary modes of locomotion in ancestral rainforest arboreal hominoids.
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