https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-03429-y
See the comment there:
"Interesting comparative article, but if we want to "understand the evolution of bipedal locomotion in the human lineage", we must first realize that bipedalism is not unique to the human lineage:
most likely, early hominoids were already bipedal,
- not for running over open African savannas as traditionally still often believed,
- but simply for wading upright in forest swamps and for climbing arms overhead in the branches above the swamp, as we still can see in bonobos wading bipedally in search of waterlilies, and in lowland gorillas wading for sedges,
google illustrations e.g. "bonobo wading" or "gorilla bai".
The Trachilos footprints on the island of Crete c 6 Ma show that hominoids that predate the Homo/Pan split c 5 Ma were walking bipedally there, see the recent paper of Uwe Kirschner cs 2021 Scientific Reports 11, 19427.
For an overview of how hominoid and human bipedalism evolved, google e.g. "ape human evolution made easy PPT Verhaegen" (+ references therein).
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