• (Tears) A Step Farther Out by Jerry Pournelle

    From James Nicoll@21:1/5 to All on Sun Dec 17 14:39:44 2023
    A Step Farther Out by Jerry Pournelle

    Thrill to 1970s popular science straight from the pages of Galaxy Magazine!

    https://jamesdavisnicoll.com/review/songs-were-new
    --
    My reviews can be found at http://jamesdavisnicoll.com/
    My tor pieces at https://www.tor.com/author/james-davis-nicoll/
    My Dreamwidth at https://james-davis-nicoll.dreamwidth.org/
    My patreon is at https://www.patreon.com/jamesdnicoll

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  • From Quadibloc@21:1/5 to James Nicoll on Sun Dec 17 18:42:07 2023
    On Sun, 17 Dec 2023 14:39:44 +0000, James Nicoll wrote:

    https://jamesdavisnicoll.com/review/songs-were-new

    Speaking of ancient Americans 40,000 years ago, I've
    seen a video on YouTube which _appears_ to be sound
    and factual, claiming that DNA studies have uncovered
    something called "Population Y" in South America.

    This is a vindication of Thor Heyerdahl, if not James
    Churchward (_nothing_ can vindicate James Churchward,
    of course)... apparently, if the Polynesians could
    get to Easter Island, the conclusion that maybe they
    could also reach South America *wasn't* so crazy
    after all!

    A check showed, though, that this idea didn't start
    with Augustus le Plongeon, he had South America being
    influenced by *Atlantis*, not Polynesia (let alone
    Lemuria). So the line from Queen Moo to Mu must be
    more complicated than I thought...

    John Savard

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  • From Scott Lurndal@21:1/5 to James Nicoll on Sun Dec 17 20:41:25 2023
    jdnicoll@panix.com (James Nicoll) writes:
    A Step Farther Out by Jerry Pournelle

    Thrill to 1970s popular science straight from the pages of Galaxy Magazine!

    https://jamesdavisnicoll.com/review/songs-were-new

    You mention ocean thermal. Tom Murphy addresses the
    renewable alternatives in his
    textbook, "Energy and Human Ambitions on a Finite Planet".

    https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9js5291m

    (See 10.1 - The Players, p 184).

    Ocean thermal doesn't even make the list, although tidal
    capture, ocean currents and waves are discussed in chapter
    16 (Small Players).

    Tidal: The earth currently receives 3TW of power in the
    form of tidal energy due to friction between
    land and water. Niche player and always will be.

    Ocean Currents: 5TW (1/200th of available wind energy).
    Wave Energy: 15GW on the US west coast. Extracting all
    the energy from the wave means no surf.
    (U.S.A electricy demand is about 456GW).

    Ocean thermal won't likely provide any significant amount.
    The wiki page isn't encouraging and the estimate of total
    power available there is misleading, to use it all would catastrophically
    warm the deeps and cool the surface waters.

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  • From Christian Weisgerber@21:1/5 to pete...@gmail.com on Mon Dec 18 11:51:04 2023
    On 2023-12-17, pete...@gmail.com <petertrei@gmail.com> wrote:

    Currently, the accepted timing of the first humans in the
    new world is being pushed back from 15,000 years ago,
    to 25,000 or so, based on footprints found at White Sands.

    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other, so they
    must have been diverging for a long time. By comparison, modern
    Indo-European languages are easily recognized as related after some
    5,000 years of divergence; Afro-Asiatic is still an identifiable
    grouping after 10,000+ years.

    --
    Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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  • From Robert Woodward@21:1/5 to Christian Weisgerber on Mon Dec 18 09:47:37 2023
    In article <slrnuo0ch8.1fs2.naddy@lorvorc.mips.inka.de>,
    Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> wrote:

    On 2023-12-17, pete...@gmail.com <petertrei@gmail.com> wrote:

    Currently, the accepted timing of the first humans in the
    new world is being pushed back from 15,000 years ago,
    to 25,000 or so, based on footprints found at White Sands.

    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other, so they
    must have been diverging for a long time. By comparison, modern Indo-European languages are easily recognized as related after some
    5,000 years of divergence; Afro-Asiatic is still an identifiable
    grouping after 10,000+ years.

    Multiple waves of migration from Asia would allow some of that needed
    time for divergence to take place in Asia.

    --
    "We have advanced to new and surprising levels of bafflement."
    Imperial Auditor Miles Vorkosigan describes progress in _Komarr_. ‹-----------------------------------------------------
    Robert Woodward robertaw@drizzle.com

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  • From Christian Weisgerber@21:1/5 to pete...@gmail.com on Thu Dec 21 00:43:15 2023
    On 2023-12-18, pete...@gmail.com <petertrei@gmail.com> wrote:

    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other,

    By 'earlier' are you referring to 15 Kya, or 25 Kya?

    The earlier dates in that range, so 15 kya.

    It's entirely possible that there were multiple, linguistically diverse groups
    which crossed from Eurasia at different times.

    Yes, but there are dozens of unrelated language families. I've
    been struggling to find a reference; Wikipedia's overview article
    claims a hundred or so if you count language isolates, i.e., single
    languages without any known relatives. Glottolog lists 42 families
    and 31 isolates for North America, 45 families and 64 isolates for
    South America.

    Also, where are their Eurasian relatives? Apart from a 2008 proposal
    linking the Na-Dene family in North America and the Yeniseian
    languages of Siberia, no credible connections between Old and New
    World languages have been found.

    --
    Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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  • From Paul S Person@21:1/5 to naddy@mips.inka.de on Thu Dec 21 09:08:03 2023
    On Thu, 21 Dec 2023 00:43:15 -0000 (UTC), Christian Weisgerber <naddy@mips.inka.de> wrote:

    On 2023-12-18, pete...@gmail.com <petertrei@gmail.com> wrote:

    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other,

    By 'earlier' are you referring to 15 Kya, or 25 Kya?

    The earlier dates in that range, so 15 kya.

    I wondered about this as well.

    I would consider 15 Kya as later than 25 Kya, as the latter pre-dates
    the former by 10 Kya.

    Then again, from our perspective, 15 Kya is closer to us, so I suppose
    it could be regarded as "earlier".

    Is this the normal useage for some field of science?
    --
    "Here lies the Tuscan poet Aretino,
    Who evil spoke of everyone but God,
    Giving as his excuse, 'I never knew him.'"

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  • From Christian Weisgerber@21:1/5 to Paul S Person on Thu Dec 21 19:26:31 2023
    On 2023-12-21, Paul S Person <psperson@old.netcom.invalid> wrote:

    I would consider 15 Kya as later than 25 Kya, as the latter pre-dates
    the former by 10 Kya.

    Then again, from our perspective, 15 Kya is closer to us, so I suppose
    it could be regarded as "earlier".

    Oh. I was thinking in terms of the timeline of the proposals
    themselves: earlier on, 15 kya had been proposed, and this date was
    being pushed back to 25 kya in later proposals. I can now see why
    that was confusing, sorry.

    --
    Christian "naddy" Weisgerber naddy@mips.inka.de

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  • From Dave@21:1/5 to pete...@gmail.com on Thu Dec 21 13:29:28 2023
    On 12/18/23 13:27, pete...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Monday, December 18, 2023 at 7:30:10 AM UTC-5, Christian Weisgerber wrote:
    On 2023-12-17, pete...@gmail.com <pete...@gmail.com> wrote:

    Currently, the accepted timing of the first humans in the
    new world is being pushed back from 15,000 years ago,
    to 25,000 or so, based on footprints found at White Sands.
    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other, so they
    must have been diverging for a long time. By comparison, modern
    Indo-European languages are easily recognized as related after some
    5,000 years of divergence; Afro-Asiatic is still an identifiable
    grouping after 10,000+ years.

    By 'earlier' are you referring to 15 Kya, or 25 Kya?

    It's entirely possible that there were multiple, linguistically diverse groups
    which crossed from Eurasia at different times.

    Pt

    Ok, I have to ask. What does Kya stand for, other than a Bay Area AM
    radio station?

    --
    Dave Scruggs
    Captain, Boulder Creek Fire (Retired)
    Sr. Software Engineer (Retired, mostly)

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  • From Jaimie Vandenbergh@21:1/5 to Dave on Fri Dec 22 01:59:58 2023
    On 21 Dec 2023 at 21:29:28 GMT, "Dave" <bcfd36@cruzio.com> wrote:

    On 12/18/23 13:27, pete...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Monday, December 18, 2023 at 7:30:10 AM UTC-5, Christian Weisgerber wrote:
    On 2023-12-17, pete...@gmail.com <pete...@gmail.com> wrote:

    Currently, the accepted timing of the first humans in the
    new world is being pushed back from 15,000 years ago,
    to 25,000 or so, based on footprints found at White Sands.
    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other, so they
    must have been diverging for a long time. By comparison, modern
    Indo-European languages are easily recognized as related after some
    5,000 years of divergence; Afro-Asiatic is still an identifiable
    grouping after 10,000+ years.

    By 'earlier' are you referring to 15 Kya, or 25 Kya?

    It's entirely possible that there were multiple, linguistically diverse groups
    which crossed from Eurasia at different times.

    Pt

    Ok, I have to ask. What does Kya stand for, other than a Bay Area AM
    radio station?

    "Kilo years ago", so it's 15 or 25 thousand years back. Anthropologist shorthand I guess; not much else scales to thousands of years on a
    regular basis.

    Cheers - Jaimie
    --
    Sent from my Atari 400

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  • From Dorothy J Heydt@21:1/5 to quadibloc@servername.invalid on Sat Dec 23 04:14:20 2023
    In article <ulnfdv$32bm6$2@dont-email.me>,
    Quadibloc <quadibloc@servername.invalid> wrote:
    On Sun, 17 Dec 2023 14:39:44 +0000, James Nicoll wrote:

    https://jamesdavisnicoll.com/review/songs-were-new

    Speaking of ancient Americans 40,000 years ago, I've
    seen a video on YouTube which _appears_ to be sound
    and factual, claiming that DNA studies have uncovered
    something called "Population Y" in South America.

    This is a vindication of Thor Heyerdahl, if not James
    Churchward (_nothing_ can vindicate James Churchward,
    of course)... apparently, if the Polynesians could
    get to Easter Island, the conclusion that maybe they
    could also reach South America *wasn't* so crazy
    after all!

    A check showed, though, that this idea didn't start
    with Augustus le Plongeon, he had South America being
    influenced by *Atlantis*, not Polynesia (let alone
    Lemuria). So the line from Queen Moo to Mu must be
    more complicated than I thought...

    [Hal Heydt]
    Except for one little problem... Heyerdahl had poeple going to
    other direction. That is, *from* South America *to* Polynesia.

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  • From Scott Dorsey@21:1/5 to rja.carnegie@excite.com on Sat Dec 23 14:51:32 2023
    Robert Carnegie <rja.carnegie@excite.com> wrote:

    Per Wikipedia, most of Thor Heyerdahl's ideas=20
    are outside modern orthodoxy, except I suppose
    that you can sail quite a long way on "primitive" boats.
    Other resources are specifically anxious about his
    particular attention on the possible movements of
    white people on these routes.

    On the other hand, Thor Heyerdal proved that polynesians could have
    visited the west coast of America!
    --scott

    --
    "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis."

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  • From Scott Dorsey@21:1/5 to jack.bohn64@gmail.com on Sat Dec 23 17:56:49 2023
    In article <06d23664-e9d5-4479-bdc5-80e8cff4766cn@googlegroups.com>,
    Jack Bohn <jack.bohn64@gmail.com> wrote:
    Scott Dorsey wrote:
    Robert Carnegie <rja.ca...@excite.com> wrote:

    Per Wikipedia, most of Thor Heyerdahl's ideas=20
    are outside modern orthodoxy, except I suppose
    that you can sail quite a long way on "primitive" boats.
    Other resources are specifically anxious about his
    particular attention on the possible movements of
    white people on these routes.

    On the other hand, Thor Heyerdal proved that polynesians could have
    visited the west coast of America!

    I'm going to cite evidence that you can go up the Niagra Falls in a barrel as a caution against quickly drawing conclusions.

    It's true, though! It seems like all the Hawaiians live in Vegas now!
    --scott
    --
    "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis."

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  • From Dorothy J Heydt@21:1/5 to bcfd36@cruzio.com on Wed Dec 27 07:04:45 2023
    In article <um2ano$17gpf$1@dont-email.me>, Dave <bcfd36@cruzio.com> wrote:
    On 12/18/23 13:27, pete...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Monday, December 18, 2023 at 7:30:10 AM UTC-5, Christian
    Weisgerber wrote:
    On 2023-12-17, pete...@gmail.com <pete...@gmail.com> wrote:

    Currently, the accepted timing of the first humans in the
    new world is being pushed back from 15,000 years ago,
    to 25,000 or so, based on footprints found at White Sands.
    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other, so they
    must have been diverging for a long time. By comparison, modern
    Indo-European languages are easily recognized as related after some
    5,000 years of divergence; Afro-Asiatic is still an identifiable
    grouping after 10,000+ years.

    By 'earlier' are you referring to 15 Kya, or 25 Kya?

    It's entirely possible that there were multiple, linguistically diverse groups
    which crossed from Eurasia at different times.

    Pt

    Ok, I have to ask. What does Kya stand for, other than a Bay Area AM
    radio station?

    [Hal Heydt]
    Thousands (Kilo-) Years Ago. If it were Geology being discussed,
    you see MYa used.

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  • From Paul S Person@21:1/5 to rja.carnegie@excite.com on Wed Dec 27 08:41:32 2023
    On Sat, 23 Dec 2023 03:40:17 -0800 (PST), Robert Carnegie <rja.carnegie@excite.com> wrote:

    On Friday 22 December 2023 at 02:00:03 UTC, Jaimie Vandenbergh wrote:
    On 21 Dec 2023 at 21:29:28 GMT, "Dave" <bcf...@cruzio.com> wrote:

    On 12/18/23 13:27, pete...@gmail.com wrote:
    On Monday, December 18, 2023 at 7:30:10?AM UTC-5, Christian Weisgerber wrote:
    On 2023-12-17, pete...@gmail.com <pete...@gmail.com> wrote:

    Currently, the accepted timing of the first humans in the
    new world is being pushed back from 15,000 years ago,
    to 25,000 or so, based on footprints found at White Sands.
    Linguists have been pointing out for a long time that the earlier
    dates are wholly implausible. The indigenous languages of the
    Americas fall into a considerable number of distinct language
    families that cannot be shown to be related to any other, so they
    must have been diverging for a long time. By comparison, modern
    Indo-European languages are easily recognized as related after some
    5,000 years of divergence; Afro-Asiatic is still an identifiable
    grouping after 10,000+ years.

    By 'earlier' are you referring to 15 Kya, or 25 Kya?

    It's entirely possible that there were multiple, linguistically diverse groups
    which crossed from Eurasia at different times.

    Pt

    Ok, I have to ask. What does Kya stand for, other than a Bay Area AM
    radio station?
    "Kilo years ago", so it's 15 or 25 thousand years back. Anthropologist
    shorthand I guess; not much else scales to thousands of years on a
    regular basis.

    I wonder if this is related to a fixed date?
    Radiocarbon "ybp" dates are related to 1950,
    apparently because that's around when the
    technique became useable, as /well/ as being
    a time when atomic bomb tests made it
    /less/ useable.
    <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Before_Present>

    It may well be, and that would make sense, but the 74 (almost) years
    since 1950 are Very Small Potatoes on a scale of Kya, never mind Mya
    or Bya.
    --
    "Here lies the Tuscan poet Aretino,
    Who evil spoke of everyone but God,
    Giving as his excuse, 'I never knew him.'"

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Dorothy J Heydt@21:1/5 to pete...@gmail.com on Thu Dec 28 20:29:37 2023
    In article <ee027cde-9680-47ad-82a3-3b7616ef2ecdn@googlegroups.com>, pete...@gmail.com <petertrei@gmail.com> wrote:
    On Friday, December 22, 2023 at 11:21:34 PM UTC-5, Dorothy J Heydt wrote:
    [Hal Heydt]
    Except for one little problem... Heyerdahl had people going to
    other direction. That is, *from* South America *to* Polynesia.

    There's little evidence of Polynesia being populated from South
    America, and lots for it being populated from Asia.

    [Hal Heydt]
    I didn't say that Heyerdahl was correct, merely that that was his
    position on the subject. It is, after all, the rationale behind
    the Kon Tiki expedition.

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