Earth and Earth-Rock Dams: A Classic Book on Dam Engineering
Earth and earth-rock dams are types of embankment dams that use natural materials such as soil, gravel, sand and rock to form a barrier that can store water, generate electricity or control floods. They are widely used around the world for various
purposes and have different design and construction challenges depending on the site conditions, materials available and performance requirements.

One of the most comprehensive and authoritative books on this topic is Earth and Earth-Rock Dams: Engineering Problems of Design and Construction, published in 1963 by James L. Sherard and his co-authors Richard J. Woodward, Stanley F. Gizienski and
William A. Clevenger. This book covers various aspects of earth and earth-rock dam engineering, such as design considerations, failures and damages, materials, compaction, seepage, stability, filters and drains, instrumentation, earthquake effects, wave
action, erosion protection and rehabilitation[^1^].

earth and earth rock dams sherard
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The book is based on the extensive experience and research of the authors, who were leading experts in the field of dam engineering at the time. They worked for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR), which was responsible for building many large-scale
earth and earth-rock dams in the western United States. The book also draws on the knowledge and data from other sources, such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) and various publications from different
countries.

The book is divided into 20 chapters, each covering a specific topic related to earth and earth-rock dam engineering. The chapters are organized in a logical sequence, starting with general principles and concepts, then moving on to specific problems and
solutions. The book provides both theoretical and practical information, with numerous examples, figures, tables and references to illustrate the points. The book also includes several appendices that contain useful data and formulas for dam design and
analysis.

The book is considered a classic in the field of dam engineering and has been widely cited and referenced by other authors and practitioners. It has also been translated into several languages, such as Spanish, French, Russian and Chinese. The book is
still relevant today, as many of the principles and methods discussed in it are still applicable to modern dam engineering projects. However, some of the information may be outdated or superseded by newer developments and standards in the field.



Therefore, anyone who is interested in learning more about earth and earth-rock dam engineering should consult this book as a valuable source of information and insight. However, they should also be aware of the limitations and assumptions of the book
and supplement it with other sources that reflect the current state-of-the-art in dam engineering.


One of the main contributions of the book is the classification of earth and earth-rock dams based on their materials and construction methods. The book defines earth dams as embankments that consist mainly of soil materials with less than 15% rock by
weight. Earth-rock dams are embankments that consist mainly of rock materials with less than 15% soil by weight. The book also distinguishes between rockfill dams and earth-core rockfill dams. Rockfill dams are embankments that are constructed wholly of
rock materials with an upstream impervious facing, such as concrete or asphalt. Earth-core rockfill dams are embankments that have a thin clay core within the rockfill to provide seepage control.

The book also provides detailed guidance on how to select, test and evaluate the materials for earth and earth-rock dams. The book emphasizes the importance of understanding the physical and mechanical properties of the materials, such as gradation,
density, moisture content, permeability, shear strength and compressibility. The book also discusses how to perform laboratory and field tests to determine these properties and how to interpret the results. The book also gives recommendations on how to
design and construct the embankment layers to achieve the desired compaction, seepage control and stability.

Another important topic covered by the book is the analysis and design of earth and earth-rock dams for various loading conditions and failure modes. The book explains how to calculate the stresses and deformations in the embankment and foundation due to
self-weight, water pressure, earthquake forces and other external loads. The book also describes how to assess the stability of the embankment against sliding, overturning, piping, slope failure and foundation failure. The book also presents methods and
criteria for designing filters and drains to prevent internal erosion and reduce pore pressures in the embankment.
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