• What is a trolleybus?

    From David Lesher@21:1/5 to John Levine on Tue Jan 1 05:17:05 2019
    John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> writes:

    In article <q0emgi$i3j$1@reader2.panix.com>,
    David Lesher <wb8foz@panix.com> wrote:
    If the ground pole comes off, the bus stops...
    BUT with no ground, the chassis must float above ground.
    Someone boarding or departing would be straddling the voltage
    difference; if they stepped into water, or grabbed a handrail...

    It is my impression that trolleybuses can go either way under the
    wire, so I doubt they tie either side to the chassis.

    Floating the bus raises other issues. In any case, there's always
    leakage....

    --
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  • From hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com@21:1/5 to David Lesher on Wed Jan 2 14:52:46 2019
    On Monday, December 31, 2018 at 10:24:03 PM UTC-5, David Lesher wrote:
    I've often wondered about one aspect of trolley-bus technology.

    You have a hot pole, and a ground pole. (I believe on some
    routes, the hot cat can also serve railed/streetcar vehicles,
    but I'm not sure.)

    If the hot pole comes off the cat, the bus stops dead.

    If the ground pole comes off, the bus stops...
    BUT with no ground, the chassis must float above ground.
    Someone boarding or departing would be straddling the voltage
    difference; if they stepped into water, or grabbed a handrail...

    I question that. Given the extensive service of a trackless,
    sooner or late those circumstances would occur and someone
    get zapped. But I don't think that has ever happened.


    I can think of a few solutions to the bus issue; I just wonder how
    it's actually handled.

    (I recall reading of a similar fatality in the Princeton area;
    she was boarding or disembarking from an Amtrak train, and an
    Acela went by at high speed on a parallel track. That raised
    train-ground to well above station ground; she was the conductor
    between them.)

    For the Acela, that would be a relatively recent incident, but
    I don't recall hearing of it. Are you sure of the details?

    Electric trains have been around for 100 years and I suspect
    they long ago worked out grounding issues.

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  • From John Levine@21:1/5 to wb8foz@panix.com on Thu Jan 3 02:41:11 2019
    In article <q0emgi$i3j$1@reader2.panix.com>,
    David Lesher <wb8foz@panix.com> wrote:
    (I recall reading of a similar fatality in the Princeton area;
    she was boarding or disembarking from an Amtrak train, and an
    Acela went by at high speed on a parallel track. That raised
    train-ground to well above station ground; she was the conductor
    between them.)

    I grew up in Princeton and never heard of such an incident. The only electrical injury I know of is a student who climbed up on top of the
    parked Dinky one night in 1990, grabbed the wire, and was nearly killed. It led to a court case where the student got a lot of money from the
    railroad and the university. The guy went on to med school and specializes
    in hospice care:

    https://www.ucsfhealth.org/doctors_and_clinics/features/miller_bj/index.html
    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies", Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly

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  • From bob@21:1/5 to David Lesher on Thu Jan 3 16:42:34 2019
    David Lesher <wb8foz@panix.com> wrote:
    I've often wondered about one aspect of trolley-bus technology.

    You have a hot pole, and a ground pole. (I believe on some
    routes, the hot cat can also serve railed/streetcar vehicles,
    but I'm not sure.)

    If the hot pole comes off the cat, the bus stops dead.

    If the ground pole comes off, the bus stops...
    BUT with no ground, the chassis must float above ground.
    Someone boarding or departing would be straddling the voltage
    difference; if they stepped into water, or grabbed a handrail...

    I can think of a few solutions to the bus issue; I just wonder how
    it's actually handled.

    (I recall reading of a similar fatality in the Princeton area;
    she was boarding or disembarking from an Amtrak train, and an
    Acela went by at high speed on a parallel track. That raised
    train-ground to well above station ground; she was the conductor
    between them.)

    One method used at least on some networks is to have the OHL voltage float
    so neither wire is directly grounded. My understanding is trolleybuses are designed with the intention of fully insulating the bus from the traction supply rather than using it for grounding, and attempting to ground the
    vehicle to the road as best as is possible.

    Robin

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  • From Robert Heller@21:1/5 to bob on Thu Jan 3 12:55:48 2019
    At Thu, 3 Jan 2019 16:42:34 -0000 (UTC) bob <rcp27g@gmail.com> wrote:


    David Lesher <wb8foz@panix.com> wrote:
    I've often wondered about one aspect of trolley-bus technology.

    You have a hot pole, and a ground pole. (I believe on some
    routes, the hot cat can also serve railed/streetcar vehicles,
    but I'm not sure.)

    If the hot pole comes off the cat, the bus stops dead.

    If the ground pole comes off, the bus stops...
    BUT with no ground, the chassis must float above ground.
    Someone boarding or departing would be straddling the voltage
    difference; if they stepped into water, or grabbed a handrail...

    I can think of a few solutions to the bus issue; I just wonder how
    it's actually handled.

    (I recall reading of a similar fatality in the Princeton area;
    she was boarding or disembarking from an Amtrak train, and an
    Acela went by at high speed on a parallel track. That raised
    train-ground to well above station ground; she was the conductor
    between them.)

    One method used at least on some networks is to have the OHL voltage float
    so neither wire is directly grounded. My understanding is trolleybuses are designed with the intention of fully insulating the bus from the traction supply rather than using it for grounding, and attempting to ground the vehicle to the road as best as is possible.

    Just like modern power tools...


    Robin



    --
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    Deepwoods Software -- Custom Software Services
    http://www.deepsoft.com/ -- Linux Administration Services
    heller@deepsoft.com -- Webhosting Services

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  • From hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com@21:1/5 to David Lesher on Thu Jan 3 11:42:15 2019
    On Monday, December 31, 2018 at 10:24:03 PM UTC-5, David Lesher wrote:

    (I recall reading of a similar fatality in the Princeton area;
    she was boarding or disembarking from an Amtrak train, and an
    Acela went by at high speed on a parallel track. That raised
    train-ground to well above station ground; she was the conductor
    between them.)

    The Pennsy hauled freight behind electrics and there could be
    multiple GG-1s or E-44s pulling a heavy train. All there were
    the Metroliners flying along at speed. That all would
    represent a heavy current draw. Such trains used to pass
    stopped commuter trains all the time, with passengers having
    one foot on the platform and one foot on the metal train floor.

    There was also the risk of lightning hitting a commuter
    train as well as a broken catenary wire hitting a train.
    AFAIK, none of those ever caused injuries.

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  • From hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com@21:1/5 to John Levine on Thu Jan 3 11:38:56 2019
    On Wednesday, January 2, 2019 at 9:41:13 PM UTC-5, John Levine wrote:
    In article <q0emgi$i3j$1@reader2.panix.com>,
    David Lesher <wb8foz@panix.com> wrote:
    (I recall reading of a similar fatality in the Princeton area;
    she was boarding or disembarking from an Amtrak train, and an
    Acela went by at high speed on a parallel track. That raised
    train-ground to well above station ground; she was the conductor
    between them.)

    I grew up in Princeton and never heard of such an incident. The only electrical injury I know of is a student who climbed up on top of the
    parked Dinky one night in 1990, grabbed the wire, and was nearly killed. It led to a court case where the student got a lot of money from the
    railroad and the university. The guy went on to med school and specializes in hospice care:

    https://www.ucsfhealth.org/doctors_and_clinics/features/miller_bj/index.html

    Unfortunately, kids climbing atop railcars under catenary and getting
    zapped has been a problem for years in many places. We lost a kid
    in high school who climbed up a boxcar. Not too long ago a kid
    was zapped at SEPTA's Wayne Jct, but SEPTA had left the fence wide
    open.


    Since that accident the Dinky layover spot has been enclosed
    by a high fence.

    Unfortunately, a lot of people are killed by trains despite fencing.
    They cut through the fences as soon as they're installed.

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  • From David Lesher@21:1/5 to John Levine on Sun Jan 6 05:39:07 2019
    John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> writes:


    I grew up in Princeton and never heard of such an incident. The only >electrical injury I know of is a student who climbed up on top of the
    parked Dinky one night in 1990, grabbed the wire, and was nearly killed.

    I can't recall or cite details. But as an EE, it made sense to
    me. The rails are not grounded through the roadbed as they run,
    they are instead isolated by a choke (Wee-Z Bond) and grounded
    at the substation. So drawing a lot of current would raise
    the rail-to-ground voltage. And thus the train would be above
    ground. Usually that's no issue as the train is not drawing high
    current. But when the adjacent train is.....



    --
    A host is a host from coast to coast.................wb8foz@nrk.com
    & no one will talk to a host that's close..........................
    Unless the host (that isn't close).........................pob 1433
    is busy, hung or dead....................................20915-1433

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  • From David Lesher@21:1/5 to hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com on Sun Jan 6 05:54:49 2019
    hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com writes:


    I question that. Given the extensive service of a trackless,
    sooner or late those circumstances would occur and someone
    get zapped. But I don't think that has ever happened.


    I can think of a few solutions to the bus issue; I just wonder how
    it's actually handled.

    Surely the bus is not connected to either side, but it will tend
    to float to the midpoint. I suspect the simplistic approach is
    to use a relay from pole to pole, and when either pole comes
    off, it opens. That cuts all power to the bus.
    --
    A host is a host from coast to coast.................wb8foz@nrk.com
    & no one will talk to a host that's close..........................
    Unless the host (that isn't close).........................pob 1433
    is busy, hung or dead....................................20915-1433

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  • From John Levine@21:1/5 to wb8foz@panix.com on Sun Jan 6 06:08:05 2019
    In article <q0s49r$stp$1@reader2.panix.com>,
    David Lesher <wb8foz@panix.com> wrote:
    John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> writes:
    I grew up in Princeton and never heard of such an incident. ...

    I can't recall or cite details. But as an EE, it made sense to
    me. ...

    I'm not denying that something like that could happen. I'm
    just saying that there's no evidence that it actually has.

    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies", Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly

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  • From hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com@21:1/5 to John Levine on Mon Jan 7 13:31:13 2019
    On Sunday, January 6, 2019 at 1:08:06 AM UTC-5, John Levine wrote:

    I'm not denying that something like that could happen. I'm
    just saying that there's no evidence that it actually has.

    While I am no engineer, I have ridden electric trains my
    whole life and I am saying it can't help. Every day high
    powered trains pass loading commuter trains without incident,
    and have been doing so for 100 years.

    I can't help but suspect designers of MU trains long ago
    took safety into account.

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  • From hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com@21:1/5 to David Lesher on Mon Jan 7 13:28:07 2019
    On Sunday, January 6, 2019 at 12:39:08 AM UTC-5, David Lesher wrote:
    John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> writes:


    I grew up in Princeton and never heard of such an incident. The only >electrical injury I know of is a student who climbed up on top of the >parked Dinky one night in 1990, grabbed the wire, and was nearly killed.

    I can't recall or cite details. But as an EE, it made sense to
    me. The rails are not grounded through the roadbed as they run,
    they are instead isolated by a choke (Wee-Z Bond) and grounded
    at the substation. So drawing a lot of current would raise
    the rail-to-ground voltage. And thus the train would be above
    ground. Usually that's no issue as the train is not drawing high
    current. But when the adjacent train is.....

    Rails aren't grounded through the roadbed?

    In any event, as mentioned, the NEC is a very busy railroad.
    Heavy electric freights and high speed Metroliners used to
    pass paused commuter trains at stations all the time. The
    only risk was the blowback from fast trains sometimes knocking
    a frail person over.

    To this day, Acelas pass paused MU trains making a station stop.

    Electric trains, both MU and locomotive, have been around
    for 100 years. I've never heard of a passenger electrocuted
    on a train or station (except illegally climbing atop). Sadly,
    there are many suicides when people deliberately jump in front
    of trains; NJT has installed hot-line phones for that purpose.

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  • From David Lesher@21:1/5 to hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com on Wed Jan 9 02:12:40 2019
    hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com writes:


    Rails aren't grounded through the roadbed?

    No. They are isolated from ground; the return currents go via
    those cables Danny mentioned through a Wee_Z bond low pass
    filter to the substation. That's so the signaling system will
    work.

    --
    A host is a host from coast to coast.................wb8foz@nrk.com
    & no one will talk to a host that's close..........................
    Unless the host (that isn't close).........................pob 1433
    is busy, hung or dead....................................20915-1433

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