• Legal Significance of not "Pressing Charges"

    From Rick@21:1/5 to All on Sat Oct 16 08:22:20 2021
    On TV shows we often see situations where person A commits a crime against person B but the police don't arrest A because B decides "not to press charges". Does the concept of not pressing charges actually have any significance in the real world? After all, a crime was committed and B is certainly obligated to provide evidence to the police and to answer
    questions (unless perhaps it's a husband-wife kind of situation). Aside
    from situations where a husband and wife may elect not to provide evidence against one another, are there other situations in the real world where the police will refuse to make an arrest because the victim won't "press
    charges"?

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  • From Stuart O. Bronstein@21:1/5 to Rick on Sat Oct 16 12:55:44 2021
    "Rick" <rick@nospam.com> wrote in news:skenpu$17g1$1@gioia.aioe.org:

    On TV shows we often see situations where person A commits a crime
    against person B but the police don't arrest A because B decides
    "not to press charges". Does the concept of not pressing charges
    actually have any significance in the real world? After all, a
    crime was committed and B is certainly obligated to provide
    evidence to the police and to answer questions (unless perhaps
    it's a husband-wife kind of situation). Aside from situations
    where a husband and wife may elect not to provide evidence against
    one another, are there other situations in the real world where
    the police will refuse to make an arrest because the victim won't
    "press charges"?

    The legal issue is where there is sufficient proof to convict. If a
    victim won't testify, there may or may not be sufficient other
    evidence to convict the defendant.

    But more to your point, I think movies and TV use this more as a
    dramatic device than a legal issue. I can't watch most legal shows
    because the practice of law and representation of what the laws
    actually are, are uniformally so bad.


    --
    Stu
    http://DownToEarthLawyer.com

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  • From Barry Gold@21:1/5 to Rick on Sat Oct 16 12:57:31 2021
    On 10/16/2021 8:22 AM, Rick wrote:
    On TV shows we often see situations where person A commits a crime
    against person B but the police don't arrest A because B decides "not to press charges".   Does the concept of not pressing charges actually have any significance in the real world?  After all, a crime was committed
    and B is certainly obligated to provide evidence to the police and to
    answer questions (unless perhaps it's a husband-wife kind of
    situation).  Aside from situations where a husband and wife may elect
    not to provide evidence against one another, are there other situations
    in the real world where the police will refuse to make an arrest because
    the victim won't "press charges"?

    Ultimately the decision is up to the police (and prosecutors). If
    somebody holds up a liquor store at gunpoint, the police are unlikely to
    accept a "not press charges" request from the clerk -- they will arrest
    the perp and let the DA and the courts deal with it. Armed robber is a
    threat to society as a whole.

    But if the crime is simple assault (physical threats) or assault and
    battery (unwanted touching), and the victim decides it's not worth
    pursuing, the cops will probably decide to just let it go.

    I experienced this 30-odd years ago. I got into an argument with
    somebody in a park, which ended up with her giving me a black eye. The
    police were called, and after taking statements from everybody, they
    asked me if I really wanted to press charges, considering that would
    mean she would learn my name and maybe my address.

    I decided to let it go. Looking back, it was the right thing to do, even ignoring the potential danger: a conviction for A&B could have ruined
    her life (especially because she was Black) and it was a minor
    altercation. And I imagine having the police show up was enought to make
    her think twice about "getting physical" with somebody in the future.

    --
    I do so have a memory. It's backed up on DVD... somewhere...

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  • From Jethro_uk@21:1/5 to Barry Gold on Sun Oct 17 06:37:47 2021
    On Sat, 16 Oct 2021 12:57:31 -0700, Barry Gold wrote:

    I decided to let it go. Looking back, it was the right thing to do, even ignoring the potential danger: a conviction for A&B could have ruined
    her life (especially because she was Black) and it was a minor
    altercation. And I imagine having the police show up was enough to make
    her think twice about "getting physical" with somebody in the future.

    Alternatively they learned this time they got away with it, and next time
    - next victim - may not be so lucky ?

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  • From Roy@21:1/5 to Rick on Sun Oct 17 10:36:15 2021
    On 10/17/2021 10:27 AM, Rick wrote:
    "Jethro_uk"  wrote in message news:skgrbf$f60$2@dont-email.me...

    On Sat, 16 Oct 2021 12:57:31 -0700, Barry Gold wrote:

    I decided to let it go. Looking back, it was the right thing to do, even >>> ignoring the potential danger: a conviction for A&B could have ruined
    her life (especially because she was Black) and it was a minor
    altercation. And I imagine having the police show up was enough to make
    her think twice about "getting physical" with somebody in the future.

    Alternatively they learned this time they got away with it, and next time
    - next victim - may not be so lucky ?

    This kind of gets back to my original point in posting the question.  If
    the police know A committed a crime against B, why does B get to hold
    the power on whether or not charges are filed?   A big reason we arrest criminals is to defer both them and others from committing the same
    crime in the future. If A gets away with this without being tried, who
    is to say it won't embolden A or others to commit the same crime again?
    Even though B is the victim here, it seems they still have an obligation
    to provide evidence to the police and could be arrested themselves for obstructing an investigation or whatever.

    --

    The point is that if a person refuses to "press" charges, the prosecutor
    is going to have a difficult time in getting a guilty verdict. In many
    cases the victim is the only witness. Also, the victim that doesn't
    want to press charges make a great defense witness.

    Atty: Why didn't you want to press charges
    Victim: It was to much hassle

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  • From Rick@21:1/5 to All on Sun Oct 17 10:27:34 2021
    "Jethro_uk" wrote in message news:skgrbf$f60$2@dont-email.me...

    On Sat, 16 Oct 2021 12:57:31 -0700, Barry Gold wrote:

    I decided to let it go. Looking back, it was the right thing to do, even
    ignoring the potential danger: a conviction for A&B could have ruined
    her life (especially because she was Black) and it was a minor
    altercation. And I imagine having the police show up was enough to make
    her think twice about "getting physical" with somebody in the future.

    Alternatively they learned this time they got away with it, and next time
    - next victim - may not be so lucky ?

    This kind of gets back to my original point in posting the question. If the police know A committed a crime against B, why does B get to hold the power
    on whether or not charges are filed? A big reason we arrest criminals is
    to defer both them and others from committing the same crime in the future.
    If A gets away with this without being tried, who is to say it won't
    embolden A or others to commit the same crime again? Even though B is the victim here, it seems they still have an obligation to provide evidence to
    the police and could be arrested themselves for obstructing an investigation
    or whatever.

    --

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  • From Rick@21:1/5 to Roy on Sun Oct 17 15:26:09 2021
    "Roy" wrote in message news:skhmt7$1qv$1@dont-email.me...

    On 10/17/2021 10:27 AM, Rick wrote:
    "Jethro_uk" wrote in message news:skgrbf$f60$2@dont-email.me...

    On Sat, 16 Oct 2021 12:57:31 -0700, Barry Gold wrote:

    I decided to let it go. Looking back, it was the right thing to do,
    even
    ignoring the potential danger: a conviction for A&B could have ruined
    her life (especially because she was Black) and it was a minor
    altercation. And I imagine having the police show up was enough to make >>>> her think twice about "getting physical" with somebody in the future.

    Alternatively they learned this time they got away with it, and next
    time
    - next victim - may not be so lucky ?

    This kind of gets back to my original point in posting the question. If
    the police know A committed a crime against B, why does B get to hold the
    power on whether or not charges are filed? A big reason we arrest
    criminals is to defer both them and others from committing the same crime
    in the future. If A gets away with this without being tried, who is to
    say it won't embolden A or others to commit the same crime again? Even
    though B is the victim here, it seems they still have an obligation to
    provide evidence to the police and could be arrested themselves for
    obstructing an investigation or whatever.

    --

    The point is that if a person refuses to "press" charges, the prosecutor is >going to have a difficult time in getting a guilty verdict. In many cases >the victim is the only witness. Also, the victim that doesn't want to
    press charges make a great defense witness.

    Atty: Why didn't you want to press charges
    Victim: It was to much hassle


    I get all that. I'm just thinking - if the police have reason to believe a crime was committed by A against B, so they bring B in for questioning about it. If B refuses to cooperate or provide information to assist in the investigation, isn't that refusal to provide information potentially a crime itself? Can a potential witness to a crime - even if it is the actual
    victim - just refuse to provide information in a criminal investigation?
    I'm trying to discern what is the line between refusing to press charges and refusing to cooperate with police in a criminal investigation?

    --

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  • From Mike Anderson@21:1/5 to Rick on Tue Oct 19 13:28:51 2021
    On 10/17/2021 6:26 PM, Rick wrote:
    "Roy"  wrote in message news:skhmt7$1qv$1@dont-email.me...

    On 10/17/2021 10:27 AM, Rick wrote:
    "Jethro_uk"  wrote in message news:skgrbf$f60$2@dont-email.me...

    On Sat, 16 Oct 2021 12:57:31 -0700, Barry Gold wrote:

    I decided to let it go. Looking back, it was the right thing to do,
    even
    ignoring the potential danger: a conviction for A&B could have ruined >>>>> her life (especially because she was Black) and it was a minor
    altercation. And I imagine having the police show up was enough to
    make
    her think twice about "getting physical" with somebody in the future. >>>>
    Alternatively they learned this time they got away with it, and next
    time
    - next victim - may not be so lucky ?

    This kind of gets back to my original point in posting the question.
    If the police know A committed a crime against B, why does B get to
    hold the power on whether or not charges are filed?   A big reason we
    arrest criminals is to defer both them and others from committing the
    same crime in the future. If A gets away with this without being
    tried, who is to say it won't embolden A or others to commit the same
    crime again?  Even though B is the victim here, it seems they still
    have an obligation to provide evidence to the police and could be
    arrested themselves for obstructing an investigation or whatever.

    --

    The point is that if a person refuses to "press" charges, the
    prosecutor is going to have a difficult time in getting a guilty
    verdict.  In many cases the victim is the only witness.  Also, the
    victim that doesn't want to press charges make a great defense witness.

    Atty:  Why didn't you want to press charges
    Victim:  It was to much hassle


    I get all that.  I'm just thinking - if the police have reason to
    believe a crime was committed by A against B, so they bring B in for questioning about it.  If B refuses to cooperate or provide information
    to assist in the investigation, isn't that refusal to provide
    information potentially a crime itself?  Can a potential witness to a
    crime - even if it is the actual victim - just refuse to provide
    information in a criminal investigation? I'm trying to discern what is
    the line between refusing to press charges and refusing to cooperate
    with police in a criminal investigation?

    Well, the issue (as I see it) with "If B refuses to cooperate or provide information to assist in the investigation, isn't that refusal to
    provide information potentially a crime itself?" is how do they even
    show there was a crime?

    Barry's got a black eye, true. But did he get it because he's actually
    the one who accosted her and she hit him in self-defense? Were they
    playing catch with a ball and it hit him accidentally? Did he trip over
    his own two feet and hit a rock on the ground? If he's not willing to
    say how he got it, how do they even show a crime happened? Unless she
    said "Yes, I walked up and cold-cocked him out of the blue" (or some
    other such admission to guilt), there's really not much they can prove
    and if she DID give such an admission, what do they need Barry for?

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  • From Barry Gold@21:1/5 to Mike Anderson on Tue Oct 19 16:36:21 2021
    On 10/19/2021 1:28 PM, Mike Anderson wrote:
    Well, the issue (as I see it) with "If B refuses to cooperate or provide information to assist in the investigation, isn't that refusal to
    provide information potentially a crime itself?" is how do they even
    show there was a crime?

    No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If you give
    up the right to remain silent, anything you say can be used against you
    in a court of law."

    That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies any time
    you're answering questions from the police. Or just having a
    conversation with a cop.

    That said, "refusing to press charges" does not prevent the cops from
    arresting the alleged perp. Or the DA from prosecuting himer. And they
    can subpoena B to appear in court and testify. B could assert his fifth amendment right, but that would probably lead to a discussion with the
    judge in chambers about why he thought answering the question might
    incriminate him.

    Still, the typical prosecutor has enough on his plate without trying to
    get a conviction with an uncooperative witness. So in most minor crimes,
    if the victim won't testify the cops probably won't arrest the perp and
    the DA won't even take the case to a preliminary hearing, must less to
    trial.

    --
    I do so have a memory. It's backed up on DVD... somewhere...

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  • From Rick@21:1/5 to Barry Gold on Tue Oct 19 21:16:59 2021
    "Barry Gold" wrote in message news:skne7b$5k9$1@dont-email.me...

    On 10/19/2021 1:28 PM, Mike Anderson wrote:
    Well, the issue (as I see it) with "If B refuses to cooperate or provide
    information to assist in the investigation, isn't that refusal to provide
    information potentially a crime itself?" is how do they even show there
    was a crime?

    No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If you give up >the right to remain silent, anything you say can be used against you in a >court of law."

    That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies any time >you're answering questions from the police. Or just having a conversation >with a cop.


    Really? I thought you could only refuse to answer questions if you are invoking Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination. While
    there could be some exceptions to this, it's hard to make a general case
    that a victim of a crime can refuse to answer questions on the grounds of possible self-incrimination.

    --

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  • From Stuart O. Bronstein@21:1/5 to Barry Gold on Tue Oct 19 21:17:32 2021
    Barry Gold <bgold@labcats.org> wrote:

    No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If
    you give up the right to remain silent, anything you say can be
    used against you in a court of law."

    That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies any
    time you're answering questions from the police. Or just having a conversation with a cop.

    In real life police seldom if ever read a suspect his rights when he's
    being arrested. The rights only apply when he's being questioned. If
    the guy talks while in the back of a patrol car when he hasn't been
    asked a question, even if he has not been "read his rights," it's
    considered voluntary and not excludable from evidence.

    --
    Stu
    http://DownToEarthLawyer.com

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  • From Barry Gold@21:1/5 to Stuart O. Bronstein on Wed Oct 20 06:23:22 2021
    On 10/19/2021 9:17 PM, Stuart O. Bronstein wrote:
    Barry Gold <bgold@labcats.org> wrote:

    No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If
    you give up the right to remain silent, anything you say can be
    used against you in a court of law."

    That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies any
    time you're answering questions from the police. Or just having a
    conversation with a cop.

    In real life police seldom if ever read a suspect his rights when he's
    being arrested. The rights only apply when he's being questioned. If
    the guy talks while in the back of a patrol car when he hasn't been
    asked a question, even if he has not been "read his rights," it's
    considered voluntary and not excludable from evidence.

    The one time I was arrested, they read me my rights in the police car. I invoked my right to remain silent, and that was the end of it.




    --
    I do so have a memory. It's backed up on DVD... somewhere...

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  • From Barry Gold@21:1/5 to Rick on Wed Oct 20 06:21:34 2021
    On 10/19/2021 9:16 PM, Rick wrote:
    Really?  I thought you could only refuse to answer questions if you are invoking Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination.   While there could be some exceptions to this, it's hard to make a general case
    that a victim of a crime can refuse to answer questions on the grounds
    of possible self-incrimination.

    You can always claim it. But as I said, the judge will probably want to
    talk to you in chambers to see if you have a legit self-incrimination claim.

    Or, come to think of it, the DA might simply grant you immunity for your testimony. That makes your self-incrimination claim vanish.

    --
    I do so have a memory. It's backed up on DVD... somewhere...

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  • From Bernie Cosell@21:1/5 to All on Sat Oct 23 11:10:14 2021
    Barry Gold <bgold@labcats.org> wrote:

    } No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If you give
    } up the right to remain silent, anything you say can be used against you
    } in a court of law."
    }
    } That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies any time
    } you're answering questions from the police. Or just having a
    } conversation with a cop.

    Don't you have to be warned? OR can just answering a random question put
    you in jeopardy?

    /B\
    --
    Bernie Cosell Fantasy Farm Fibers
    bernie@fantasyfarm.com Pearisburg, VA
    --> Too many people, too few sheep <--

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  • From Barry Gold@21:1/5 to Bernie Cosell on Sat Oct 23 16:05:37 2021
    On 10/23/2021 11:10 AM, Bernie Cosell wrote:
    Barry Gold<bgold@labcats.org> wrote:

    } No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If you give
    } up the right to remain silent, anything you say can be used against you
    } in a court of law."
    }
    } That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies any time
    } you're answering questions from the police. Or just having a
    } conversation with a cop.

    Don't you have to be warned? OR can just answering a random question put
    you in jeopardy?

    ANYTHING you say to the police (or on social media, or to your 20
    closest friends) can put you in jeopardy.

    --
    I do so have a memory. It's backed up on DVD... somewhere...

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  • From Stuart O. Bronstein@21:1/5 to Barry Gold on Sat Oct 23 16:46:50 2021
    Barry Gold <bgold@labcats.org> wrote
    Bernie Cosell wrote:
    Barry Gold<bgold@labcats.org> wrote:

    } No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If
    you give } up the right to remain silent, anything you say can be
    used against you } in a court of law."
    }
    } That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies
    any time } you're answering questions from the police. Or just
    having a } conversation with a cop.

    Don't you have to be warned? OR can just answering a random
    question put you in jeopardy?

    ANYTHING you say to the police (or on social media, or to your 20
    closest friends) can put you in jeopardy.

    Right. Whether you're warned or not. That's why some cops don't
    read rights or question a suspect at all at the time of arrest. If
    they're quiet, or even make provocative statements (without actually
    asking a question), the suspect might talk and say something that can
    be used against him, even though he hasn't been told his rights.


    --
    Stu
    http://DownToEarthLawyer.com

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  • From Rick@21:1/5 to All on Sat Oct 23 21:31:10 2021
    "Stuart O. Bronstein" wrote in message news:XnsADCCA6131805Dspamtraplexregiacom@130.133.4.11...

    Barry Gold <bgold@labcats.org> wrote
    Bernie Cosell wrote:
    Barry Gold<bgold@labcats.org> wrote:

    } No. Let me remind you: "You have the right to remain silent. If
    you give } up the right to remain silent, anything you say can be
    used against you } in a court of law."
    }
    } That doesn't only apply when you're being arrested. It applies
    any time } you're answering questions from the police. Or just
    having a } conversation with a cop.

    Don't you have to be warned? OR can just answering a random
    question put you in jeopardy?

    ANYTHING you say to the police (or on social media, or to your 20
    closest friends) can put you in jeopardy.

    Right. Whether you're warned or not. That's why some cops don't
    read rights or question a suspect at all at the time of arrest. If
    they're quiet, or even make provocative statements (without actually
    asking a question), the suspect might talk and say something that can
    be used against him, even though he hasn't been told his rights.



    But if the suspect is not under oath, what obligation does he or she have to tell the truth? If the cops don't issue a warning and simply write down
    things the suspect randomly says, wouldn't it be a valid defense for the suspect to say "I knew I wasn't under oath so I was just deliberately saying random things to mess with you." Or "I was just amusing myself while
    sitting in the back of the police car by fantasizing about being in a movie
    or playing back a dream I had." To put it another way, if a person has not been told his statements are being taken down for evidence and could be used against him and has not been warned that he could be charged with perjury
    for saying things that are false (even though he's not being questioned),
    what legal obligation does he have to ever tell the truth?

    --

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  • From Barry Gold@21:1/5 to Rick on Sun Oct 24 05:16:47 2021
    On 10/23/2021 9:31 PM, Rick wrote:
    But if the suspect is not under oath, what obligation does he or she
    have to tell the truth?  If the cops don't issue a warning and simply
    write down things the suspect randomly says, wouldn't it be a valid
    defense for the suspect to say "I knew I wasn't under oath so I was just deliberately saying random things to mess with you."   Or "I was just amusing myself while sitting in the back of the police car by
    fantasizing about being in a movie or playing back a dream I had."  To
    put it another way, if a person has not been told his statements are
    being taken down for evidence and could be used against him and has not
    been warned that he could be charged with perjury for saying things that
    are false (even though he's not being questioned), what legal obligation
    does he have to ever tell the truth?

    --

    It's also a crime (misdemeanor) to lie to police, even if not under oath.

    And your lies to police can be used to "impeach" (cast doubt on) any
    statements you might make in your own defense later on.

    --
    I do so have a memory. It's backed up on DVD... somewhere...

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  • From Stuart O. Bronstein@21:1/5 to Rick on Sun Oct 24 07:55:31 2021
    "Rick" <rick@nospam.com> wrote:

    Right. Whether you're warned or not. That's why some cops don't
    read rights or question a suspect at all at the time of arrest.
    If they're quiet, or even make provocative statements (without
    actually asking a question), the suspect might talk and say
    something that can be used against him, even though he hasn't been
    told his rights.

    But if the suspect is not under oath, what obligation does he or
    she have to tell the truth? If the cops don't issue a warning and
    simply write down things the suspect randomly says, wouldn't it be
    a valid defense for the suspect to say "I knew I wasn't under oath
    so I was just deliberately saying random things to mess with you."
    Or "I was just amusing myself while sitting in the back of the
    police car by fantasizing about being in a movie or playing back a
    dream I had." To put it another way, if a person has not been
    told his statements are being taken down for evidence and could be
    used against him and has not been warned that he could be charged
    with perjury for saying things that are false (even though he's
    not being questioned), what legal obligation does he have to ever
    tell the truth?

    It's called a Declaration Against Interest. Not only is it an
    exception to the hearsay rule, but it is considered legally reliable
    because (logically) no one would incriminate himself if it weren't
    true.


    --
    Stu
    http://DownToEarthLawyer.com

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