• Secret Ballots: Handling Disagreement with the Secretary

    From Sam Hartman@21:1/5 to All on Sat Jan 29 17:10:02 2022
    Hi, everyone.
    Now that we have concluded deciding our GR procedure, I'd like to come
    back to the question of secret ballots that we decided to defer from the
    last round.
    As a reminder, that discussion started at https://lists.debian.org/tslilx2fuo8.fsf@suchdamage.org


    In <87a6ic6wl1.fsf@arioch.leonhardt.eu>, Carsten LEONHARDT noted that in addition to being suitable to the secretary, the manner in which votes
    are cast needs to be suitable to the developers.

    At the time, I proposed that one way to handle this would be to
    introduce a mechanism for developers to override a decision of the
    secretary.
    That handles a more general problem than the one Carsten identified.
    There are a couple of alternatives I can think about focused
    specifically on the manner of voting, but I think solving the general
    problem is good.

    So, I propose to allow the voters to override a decision of the
    secretary just as they can override the TC, the DPL, or the DPL's
    delegates.

    For most cases, I think it would be fine for the developers to override
    by a simple majority.
    There are two cases that stand out where I think that would be
    inappropriate:

    1) The secretary's determination of what super majority is required for
    a particular ballot option.
    Imagine someone proposing to "interpret" the DFSG as not actually
    requiring source code for programs. The secretary decides that's not so
    much an interpretation of the DFSG as an actual change to the DFSG, and
    thus requires a 3:1 super majority.
    We wouldn't want to make it easier than 3:1 to decide that no, that's
    really not a change, and thus only needs a simple majority.

    2) The secretary's determination of election outcome. I hope this never
    gets overridden, but you could imagine cases where there is a debate
    about whether to count certain votes or the like.
    Especially if any options on the ballot had super majorities, changing
    the election shouldn't be easier than these super majorities.


    I propose that both of these cases require a 3:1 super majority to
    override the secretary.
    (That is currently the highest super majority we require for anything
    including changing the constitution.)

    So, to be specific, I propose to add a paragraph 8 to section 4.1
    (powers of the developers):

    8. Override a decision of the secretary. Overriding the secretary's
    determination of the majority required for a ballot option or
    overriding the determination of the outcome of a vote requires that
    the developers agree by a 3:1 majority. The secretary's
    determination of whether a 3:1 majority is required to override
    the project secretary is not itself subject to override.

    I'd appreciate comments on this proposal and on the general issue.
    Assuming the discussion resolves reasonably quickly, I propose to send
    out a new version of the secret ballot proposal including a fix to this
    issue in around a week.

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  • From Russ Allbery@21:1/5 to Sam Hartman on Sat Jan 29 17:20:01 2022
    Sam Hartman <hartmans@debian.org> writes:

    So, to be specific, I propose to add a paragraph 8 to section 4.1
    (powers of the developers):

    8. Override a decision of the secretary. Overriding the secretary's
    determination of the majority required for a ballot option or
    overriding the determination of the outcome of a vote requires that
    the developers agree by a 3:1 majority. The secretary's
    determination of whether a 3:1 majority is required to override
    the project secretary is not itself subject to override.

    I'd appreciate comments on this proposal and on the general issue.
    Assuming the discussion resolves reasonably quickly, I propose to send
    out a new version of the secret ballot proposal including a fix to this
    issue in around a week.

    The question this raises for me is who runs the vote to decide whether to override the Project Secretary? I would completely trust Kurt to run that vote, but in the general case the Project Secretary running a vote on
    whether to override the Project Secretary is a clear conflict of interest.

    We could require that such a vote be done by public ballot regardless of
    any secret ballot mechanism for other votes, which gives us some built-in defense against any problems, but it still makes me a little bit leery to
    set up a situation where someone is running a vote about overriding a
    decision that they may feel strongly about.

    --
    Russ Allbery (rra@debian.org) <https://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>

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  • From Jean-Philippe MENGUAL@21:1/5 to All on Sat Jan 29 19:40:02 2022
    Hi,

    Personally I am not sure that the secretary needs a challenging process,
    given how he/she/they is chosen and how the general vote process works. However, when he/she/they needs to take a decision, it is because the constitution enables him/her/them to do it, for defined situations. The question of secret vote does not make part of them, if I remember
    correctly the constitution and the debate, so the debate was about
    intrepreting the text about this.

    This matter is extremely important for me, as soon as Debian starts
    voting political/social GRs and not only technical ones. So I would like
    to focus on the secret vote instead of a general change of the secretary override, but it is just my feeling. I think that the vote should
    explicitly be secret, except a decision from the majority of the
    developers. It is really a GR I would like to see.

    Regards,


    Jean-Philippe MENGUAL
    Debian Developer non uploading
    Community team member
    Accessibility team member
    debian-l10n-french team member
    President of Debian France non-profit organization

    Le 29/01/2022 à 17:07, Sam Hartman a écrit :



    Hi, everyone.
    Now that we have concluded deciding our GR procedure, I'd like to come
    back to the question of secret ballots that we decided to defer from the
    last round.
    As a reminder, that discussion started at https://lists.debian.org/tslilx2fuo8.fsf@suchdamage.org


    In <87a6ic6wl1.fsf@arioch.leonhardt.eu>, Carsten LEONHARDT noted that in addition to being suitable to the secretary, the manner in which votes
    are cast needs to be suitable to the developers.

    At the time, I proposed that one way to handle this would be to
    introduce a mechanism for developers to override a decision of the
    secretary.
    That handles a more general problem than the one Carsten identified.
    There are a couple of alternatives I can think about focused
    specifically on the manner of voting, but I think solving the general
    problem is good.

    So, I propose to allow the voters to override a decision of the
    secretary just as they can override the TC, the DPL, or the DPL's
    delegates.

    For most cases, I think it would be fine for the developers to override
    by a simple majority.
    There are two cases that stand out where I think that would be
    inappropriate:

    1) The secretary's determination of what super majority is required for
    a particular ballot option.
    Imagine someone proposing to "interpret" the DFSG as not actually
    requiring source code for programs. The secretary decides that's not so
    much an interpretation of the DFSG as an actual change to the DFSG, and
    thus requires a 3:1 super majority.
    We wouldn't want to make it easier than 3:1 to decide that no, that's
    really not a change, and thus only needs a simple majority.

    2) The secretary's determination of election outcome. I hope this never
    gets overridden, but you could imagine cases where there is a debate
    about whether to count certain votes or the like.
    Especially if any options on the ballot had super majorities, changing
    the election shouldn't be easier than these super majorities.


    I propose that both of these cases require a 3:1 super majority to
    override the secretary.
    (That is currently the highest super majority we require for anything including changing the constitution.)

    So, to be specific, I propose to add a paragraph 8 to section 4.1
    (powers of the developers):

    8. Override a decision of the secretary. Overriding the secretary's
    determination of the majority required for a ballot option or
    overriding the determination of the outcome of a vote requires that
    the developers agree by a 3:1 majority. The secretary's
    determination of whether a 3:1 majority is required to override
    the project secretary is not itself subject to override.

    I'd appreciate comments on this proposal and on the general issue.
    Assuming the discussion resolves reasonably quickly, I propose to send
    out a new version of the secret ballot proposal including a fix to this
    issue in around a week.

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  • From Sam Hartman@21:1/5 to All on Sat Jan 29 23:30:02 2022
    "Jean-Philippe" == Jean-Philippe MENGUAL <jpmengual@debian.org> writes:
    Jean-Philippe> secret vote does not make part of them, if I remember
    Jean-Philippe> correctly the constitution and the debate, so the
    Jean-Philippe> debate was about intrepreting the text about this.

    The specific question that rose to this discussion is how should we give developers an ability to object if the manner in which the secretary
    wants to conduct a vote is objectionable. For example say a secretary
    wanted to use a Google form rather than an email vote.

    In my proposal all ballots would be secret, and the secretary would not
    make a determination about that.

    --Sam

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  • From Holger Levsen@21:1/5 to Sam Hartman on Sun Jan 30 17:00:02 2022
    Hi Sam,

    On Sat, Jan 29, 2022 at 03:22:24PM -0700, Sam Hartman wrote:
    In my proposal all ballots would be secret, and the secretary would not
    make a determination about that.

    how do you define 'secret' here?


    --
    cheers,
    Holger

    ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
    ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ holger@(debian|reproducible-builds|layer-acht).org
    ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ OpenPGP: B8BF54137B09D35CF026FE9D 091AB856069AAA1C
    ⠈⠳⣄

    Make racists afraid again.

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  • From Sam Hartman@21:1/5 to All on Fri Feb 4 17:10:02 2022
    Replying to two messages:

    Russ> The question this raises for me is who runs the vote to decide whether to Russ> override the Project Secretary? I would completely trust Kurt to run that
    Russ> vote, but in the general case the Project Secretary running a vote on Russ> whether to override the Project Secretary is a clear conflict of interest.

    Russ> We could require that such a vote be done by public ballot regardless of Russ> any secret ballot mechanism for other votes, which gives us some built-in
    Russ> defense against any problems, but it still makes me a little bit leery to
    Russ> set up a situation where someone is running a vote about overriding a Russ> decision that they may feel strongly about.

    I think delegation is the simplest solution here.
    At various points the secretary has had a helper. I recall a situation
    where (Niel I think) temporarily removed his access to secretary stuff,
    I think because he was running for DPL.

    Constitution 7.1 permits the secretary to delegate power.
    Constitution 7.2 says that if the secretary is unavailable the chair of
    the TC acts as secretary (or delegates that decision).

    I think we have a couple choices here:
    We could decide that for such overrides the decision is always delegated
    and that the TC chair either runs the vote or delegates.
    That's probably simplest.

    I agree that the secretary should step out of the way if the decision is controversial. In some cases it might be a matter of policy--for
    example debating which specific technical mechanism to use for secret
    ballots. In a situation like that I wouldn't typically mind the
    secretary running the vote. Although I guess in such a situation the
    project could give the secretary advice rather than overriding a
    decision.


    My current thinking is that if we are overriding the secretary, the TC
    chair should act as secretary or delegate who conducts the vote.
    (I would not explicitly rule out the TC chair delegating back to
    secretary).

    In researching this message, I realized that I need to correct my
    proposal to allow decisions of secretary delegates to be overridden as
    well.
    I do not propose to have a fallback if the TC chair's decision
    acting as secretary needs to have a fallback.
    I think the TC chair should delegate that, but I think that will be an
    unusual enough path that I don't want to figure out who it gets
    delegated to by default.
    I would trust the TC chair with the advice of the secretary and DPL to
    find someone to run that vote.


    "don" == Don Armstrong <don@debian.org> writes:

    Don> On Sat, 29 Jan 2022, Sam Hartman wrote:
    >> So, to be specific, I propose to add a paragraph 8 to section 4.1
    >> (powers of the developers):
    >>
    >> 8. Override a decision of the secretary. Overriding the
    >> secretary's determination of the majority required for a ballot
    >> option or overriding the determination of the outcome of a vote
    >> requires that the developers agree by a 3:1 majority. The
    >> secretary's determination of whether a 3:1 majority is required
    >> to override the project secretary is not itself subject to
    >> override.

    Don> I see the intention here. My initial thought is that the
    Don> constitution already enables overriding by replacing the
    Don> secretary through §4.1.7, assuming the project leader and
    Don> secretary disagree.


    I see two ways of reading section 4.1.7:

    1) If the DPL and secretary disagree on any issue then the project can
    replace the secretary.

    2) If the DPL and secretary disagree on the only issue where the two of
    them both get to have an opinion (namely who is the next secretary), the project decides.

    So it's not clear to me that section 4.1.7 allows the secretary to be
    replaced out of cycle.
    If we had a big conflict with the secretary, I'd obviously argue for interpretation 1, but that aspect of the constitution is not so clear to
    me.
    Don> If we add this, the intersection of §4.1.8 and §4.1.7 should be
    Don> addressed when it comes to questions requiring a supermajority.

    I don't understand what you mean here.
    Are you worried that the project might replace the secretary with a 1:1 majority to get around a determination that some ballot option required
    a 3:1 majority?

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  • From Don Armstrong@21:1/5 to Sam Hartman on Sat Feb 5 06:30:03 2022
    On Fri, 04 Feb 2022, Sam Hartman wrote:
    I see two ways of reading section 4.1.7:

    1) If the DPL and secretary disagree on any issue then the project can replace the secretary.

    2) If the DPL and secretary disagree on the only issue where the two
    of them both get to have an opinion (namely who is the next
    secretary), the project decides.

    So it's not clear to me that section 4.1.7 allows the secretary to be replaced out of cycle. If we had a big conflict with the secretary,
    I'd obviously argue for interpretation 1, but that aspect of the
    constitution is not so clear to me.

    I think the plainest reading is #1, but I can see the argument that #2
    was the intention.

    Don> If we add this, the intersection of §4.1.8 and §4.1.7 should be
    Don> addressed when it comes to questions requiring a supermajority.

    I don't understand what you mean here. Are you worried that the
    project might replace the secretary with a 1:1 majority to get around
    a determination that some ballot option required a 3:1 majority?

    Yes. I think the additional complexity of requiring a 3:1 majority to
    overrule the secretary isn't enough to always have the desired effect if §4.1.7 isn't also modified accordingly.

    That said, if a majority uses the blunt force of §4.1.7 to try to get
    its way by removing people, I'd be more concerned about the health of
    the project than whether we had written rules to prevent it.

    --
    Don Armstrong https://www.donarmstrong.com

    Herodotus says, "Very few things happen at the right time, and the
    rest do not happen at all. The conscientious historian will correct
    these defects".
    -- Mark Twain _A Horse's Tail_

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  • From Sam Hartman@21:1/5 to All on Thu Feb 10 23:50:01 2022
    I plan to release a complete proposal for secret ballots including the
    proposed 4.1.8 within the next couple of days.

    Is https://salsa.debian.org/rra/webwml/-/commit/3f0f679ae97095915eea4b7299f16d74874c80da
    my best starting point for a diff?


    "Don" == Don Armstrong <don@debian.org> writes:

    Don> On Fri, 04 Feb 2022, Sam Hartman wrote:
    >> I see two ways of reading section 4.1.7:
    >>
    >> 1) If the DPL and secretary disagree on any issue then the
    >> project can replace the secretary.
    >>
    >> 2) If the DPL and secretary disagree on the only issue where the
    >> two of them both get to have an opinion (namely who is the next
    >> secretary), the project decides.
    >>
    >> So it's not clear to me that section 4.1.7 allows the secretary
    >> to be replaced out of cycle. If we had a big conflict with the
    >> secretary, I'd obviously argue for interpretation 1, but that
    >> aspect of the constitution is not so clear to me.

    Don> I think the plainest reading is #1, but I can see the argument
    Don> that #2 was the intention.

    Unless I hear objections I will propose text clarifying this to be unambiguously #1.

    >> I don't understand what you mean here. Are you worried that the
    >> project might replace the secretary with a 1:1 majority to get
    >> around a determination that some ballot option required a 3:1
    >> majority?

    Don> Yes. I think the additional complexity of requiring a 3:1
    Don> majority to overrule the secretary isn't enough to always have
    Don> the desired effect if §4.1.7 isn't also modified accordingly.

    Don> That said, if a majority uses the blunt force of §4.1.7 to try
    Don> to get its way by removing people, I'd be more concerned about
    Don> the health of the project than whether we had written rules to
    Don> prevent it.

    For this reason, I don't currently plan to propose to modify 4.1.7.
    The project is fairly good about interpreting the reasons behind
    proposals.
    I actually think in practice it would be harder to remove a secretary
    for doing their job and making a controversial call about what super
    majority was required than it would be to get a 3:1 majority behind
    anything.

    On the other hand, I can see cases where the project would try to take advantage of an override that was lower than the super majority.
    I'm not even imagining situations where people are trying to abuse the process--just a case where they disagree with the secretary, and where
    if we don't have language in the constitution, the override vote could
    be easier than winning the super majority itself.

    That said, I'd certainly be happy to revise things if we get a consensus
    here.
    I think most of what we're discussing would be things I'd rank well
    above NOTA.

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  • From Russ Allbery@21:1/5 to Sam Hartman on Fri Feb 11 00:00:01 2022
    Sam Hartman <hartmans@debian.org> writes:

    I plan to release a complete proposal for secret ballots including the proposed 4.1.8 within the next couple of days.

    Is https://salsa.debian.org/rra/webwml/-/commit/3f0f679ae97095915eea4b7299f16d74874c80da
    my best starting point for a diff?

    You should now start from the master branch of webmaster-team/webwml.
    My diff is already merged (thanks, Laura!), along with an HTML syntax fix
    that I'd missed.

    --
    Russ Allbery (rra@debian.org) <https://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>

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  • From Holger Levsen@21:1/5 to Holger Levsen roughly on Fri Feb 11 13:20:01 2022
    On Sun, Jan 30, 2022 at 03:58:50PM +0000, Holger Levsen roughly wrote:
    On Sat, Jan 29, 2022 at 03:22:24PM -0700, Sam Hartman wrote:
    In my proposal all ballots would be secret, and the secretary would not make a determination about that.
    what's the definition of 'secret' here?

    I'd still like to hear an answer to this question and thus I hope
    it will be addressed in the upcoming proposal.

    (Transparency note: I reworded my own quote slightly to make it better.)


    --
    cheers,
    Holger

    ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
    ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ holger@(debian|reproducible-builds|layer-acht).org
    ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ OpenPGP: B8BF54137B09D35CF026FE9D 091AB856069AAA1C
    ⠈⠳⣄

    The apocalypse is here now, it’s just not equally distributed.

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  • From Holger Levsen@21:1/5 to Philip Hands on Fri Feb 11 14:50:01 2022
    On Fri, Feb 11, 2022 at 02:30:53PM +0100, Philip Hands wrote:
    My reason (and maybe Holger's too) is I'd say that there is no
    possibility of guaranteeing real permanent absolute secrecy in a vote
    that we can practically conduct over the Internet (at least, not one
    where the results are also trustworthy), so there is going to be some
    sort of compromise, and it is essential to understand the nature of that compromise in order to come to any conclusion about whether it might be
    a good idea to do the the thing that we're really talking about.

    yes, exactly this. Thank you.


    --
    cheers,
    Holger

    ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
    ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ holger@(debian|reproducible-builds|layer-acht).org
    ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ OpenPGP: B8BF54137B09D35CF026FE9D 091AB856069AAA1C
    ⠈⠳⣄

    This too shall pass.

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  • From Philip Hands@21:1/5 to Holger Levsen on Fri Feb 11 14:40:02 2022
    Holger Levsen <holger@layer-acht.org> writes:

    On Sun, Jan 30, 2022 at 03:58:50PM +0000, Holger Levsen roughly wrote:
    On Sat, Jan 29, 2022 at 03:22:24PM -0700, Sam Hartman wrote:
    In my proposal all ballots would be secret, and the secretary would not
    make a determination about that.
    what's the definition of 'secret' here?

    I'd still like to hear an answer to this question and thus I hope
    it will be addressed in the upcoming proposal.

    I too would also like an answer to that.

    My reason (and maybe Holger's too) is I'd say that there is no
    possibility of guaranteeing real permanent absolute secrecy in a vote
    that we can practically conduct over the Internet (at least, not one
    where the results are also trustworthy), so there is going to be some
    sort of compromise, and it is essential to understand the nature of that compromise in order to come to any conclusion about whether it might be
    a good idea to do the the thing that we're really talking about.

    Cheers, Phil.
    --
    |)| Philip Hands [+44 (0)20 8530 9560] HANDS.COM Ltd.
    |-| http://www.hands.com/ http://ftp.uk.debian.org/
    |(| Hugo-Klemm-Strasse 34, 21075 Hamburg, GERMANY

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  • From Felix Lechner@21:1/5 to don@debian.org on Fri Feb 11 21:10:01 2022
    Hi,

    On Fri, Feb 4, 2022 at 9:22 PM Don Armstrong <don@debian.org> wrote:

    That said, if a majority uses the blunt force of §4.1.7 to try to get
    its way by removing people, I'd be more concerned about the health of
    the project than whether we had written rules to prevent it.

    I'd be more concerned about the health of the secretary. Such an
    extreme effort by the members might suggest a lack of capacity or
    other serious illness.

    Kind regards
    Felix Lechner

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)