On Thursday, September 23, 2021 at 7:30:30 PM UTC+1, olcott wrote:

#include <stdint.h>
#define ptr uintptr_t

int H(ptr p, ptr i)
{
// Determine infinitely nested x86 emulation
}

void P(ptr x)
{
H(x, x);
}

int main()
{
printf("H is called in infinitely nested emulation = ", H(P, P));
}

H would use an x86 emulator to emulate its input in debug step mode.

Since people are telling me that my solution is incorrect I am giving
them an opportunity to either correct my errors or failing that show
that their software engineering skills are insufficient to analyze the problem as presented.

I think your problem here is that you are trying to see if a program runs forever simply by emulating its running. Obviously if the emulation stops then that shows that the program terminates. But if it has been running for a bit, you still don't know
whether it will run forever or if it will stop at some later point.

Although the problem of whether a computer program halts or not looks trivial, bear in mind that the technique could be used for other problems as well. For instance, imagine a program that tested whether a^n + b^n = c^n (where ^ means "to the power of")
with a and b non-zero and n at least three. Such a program could pick a maximum value for a, b, c and n, test all values up to this max, then increase the max by one and repeat, only stopping when the equation is met. To determine whether such a program
halted would be equivalent to solving Fermat's Last Theorem.

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