• [Info-ingres] Micro-madness

    From Tony Douglas@21:1/5 to Martin Bowes on Thu Jun 17 14:05:15 2021
    Copy: info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org

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    Unicode…. There be dragons. Might be something to do with normalisation form - NFC and NFD say how codes can combine to form different characters - this page https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html might help, or it might not - I was just
    about getting unconfused with the terminology of Unicode when I stopped looking at it a few years ago :( But weird things could happen. Have you tried a UTF8 client to see what happens (assuming you’ve got an installation where transliteration is
    available) ?

    Looking forward to seeing how this pans out !

    Thanks,
    - Tony

    Sent from my iPhone

    On 17 Jun 2021, at 13:54, Martin Bowes <martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk> wrote:

    
    Hi All,

    Can someone please explain this one…please use small words…

    My Linux installation is an ISO-8859-1 charset. We have a table which has an nvarchar(20) column.

    Now the Greek mu symbol is U+00B5, a capital-A with a circumflex is 00C2, The ¼ is U+00BC, and a capital-I with a circumflex is U+00CE.

    And in terminal monitor connection, how does this work…
    select U&'\00c2', U&'\00b5', U&'\00c2\00b5'\g ┌──────┬──────┬──────┐
    │col1 │col2 │col3 │ ├──────┼──────┼──────┤
    │▒ │▒ │µ │ └──────┴──────┴──────┘
    (1 row)
    select u&'\00ce', u&'\00bc', u&'\00ce\00bc'\g ┌──────┬──────┬──────┐
    │col1 │col2 │col3 │ ├──────┼──────┼──────┤
    │▒ │▒ │μ │ └──────┴──────┴──────┘
    (1 row)

    So two weird codes have both combined to make a mu. I didn’t just invent these. I got them from two distinct data sets which were being compared.

    And they are clearly not the same thing.
    create table test(id integer1, a nvarchar(20));
    insert into test values (1, U&'\00c2\00b5'), (2, U&'\00ce\00bc');
    select * from test\g ┌──────┬────────────────────────────────────────┐
    │id │a │ ├──────┼────────────────────────────────────────┤
    │ 1│µ │
    │ 2│μ │ └──────┴────────────────────────────────────────┘
    (2 rows)

    select a, count(1) from test group by a\g ┌────────────────────────────────────────┬─────────────┐
    │a │col2 │ ├────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────┤
    │µ │ 1│
    │μ │ 1│ └────────────────────────────────────────┴─────────────┘
    (2 rows)

    So could someone please explain this, and also how I can write some code which will say these two mu’s are the same thing.

    Marty
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    <html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body dir="auto">Unicode…. There be dragons. Might be something to do with normalisation form - NFC and NFD say how codes can combine to form different characters -
    this page&nbsp;<a href="https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html">https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html</a>&nbsp;might help, or it might not - I was just about getting unconfused with the terminology of Unicode when I stopped
    looking at it a few years ago :( But weird things could happen. Have you tried a UTF8 client to see what happens (assuming you’ve got an installation where transliteration is available) ?<div><br></div><div>Looking forward to seeing how this pans out !<
    /div><div><br></div><div>Thanks,</div><div>- Tony<br><br><div dir="ltr">Sent from my iPhone</div><div dir="ltr"><br><blockquote type="cite">On 17 Jun 2021, at 13:54, Martin Bowes &lt;martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk&gt; wrote:<br><br></blockquote></div><
    blockquote type="cite"><div dir="ltr">

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    <div class="WordSection1">
    <p class="MsoNormal">Hi All,<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Can someone please explain this one…please use small words…<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">My Linux installation is an ISO-8859-1 charset. We have a&nbsp; table which has an nvarchar(20) column.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Now the Greek mu symbol is U+00B5, a capital-A with a circumflex is 00C2, The ¼ is U+00BC, and a capital-I with a circumflex is U+00CE.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">And in <u>terminal monitor</u> connection, how does this work…<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">select U&amp;'\00c2', U&amp;'\00b5',
    <span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">U&amp;'\00c2\00b5'</span>\g<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">┌──────┬──────┬──────┐<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│col1&nbsp; │col2&nbsp; │col3&nbsp; │<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">├──────┼──────┼──────┤<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│▒&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │▒&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │µ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">└──────┴──────┴──────┘<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">(1 row)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText" style="margin-left:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">select u&amp;'\00ce', u&amp;'\00bc',
    <span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">u&amp;'\00ce\00bc</span>'\g<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">┌──────┬──────┬──────┐<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│col1&nbsp; │col2&nbsp; │col3&nbsp; │<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">├──────┼──────┼──────┤<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│▒&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │▒&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │μ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">└──────┴──────┴──────┘<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">(1 row)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">So two weird codes have both combined to make a mu. I didn’t just invent these. I got them from two distinct data sets which were being compared.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">And they are clearly not the same thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">create table test(id integer1, a nvarchar(20));<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">insert into test values (1, U&amp;'\00c2\00b5'), (2, U&amp;'\00ce\00bc');<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">select * from test\g<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">┌──────┬─────────────────────────────────────
    ──┐<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│id&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">├──────┼─────────────────────────────────────
    ──┤<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1│µ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2│μ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;│<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">└──────┴─────────────────────────────────────
    ──┘<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">(2 rows)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">select a, count(1) from test group by a\g<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">┌────────────────────────────────────────┬───
    ─────────┐<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │col2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">├────────────────────────────────────────┼───
    ─────────┤<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│µ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
    nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1│<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">│μ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
    nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; │&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1│<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">└────────────────────────────────────────┴───
    ─────────┘<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida Console&quot;">(2 rows)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">So could someone please explain this, and also how I can write some code which will say these two mu’s are the same thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Marty<o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>


    <span>_______________________________________________</span><br><span>Info-ingres mailing list</span><br><span>Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org</span><br><span>https://lists.planetingres.org/mailman/listinfo/info-ingres</span><br></div></blockquote></
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  • From Paul A.@21:1/5 to Martin Bowes on Thu Jun 17 15:20:52 2021
    This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
    Choose one representation and change the codes, use an insert/modify
    rule to force consistency?

    On 17/06/2021 14:17, Martin Bowes wrote:

    I’m seeing some progress…nvarchar stores Unicode points as UTF-8.

    And:

    The UTF-8 encoding of mu (U+03BC) is 0xCE 0xBC

    https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=896&number=128&names=-&utf8=0x

    Also the UTF-8 encoding of mu(U+00B5) is 0xC2 0xB5

    https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=128&number=128&names=-&utf8=0x

    So we have two Unicode code points for mu…why I know not.

    And I still don’t know how to get them to equate.

    Marty

    *From:*Tony Douglas <tonyd08068@netscape.net>
    *Sent:* 17 June 2021 14:05
    *To:* Martin Bowes <martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk>
    *Cc:* info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org
    *Subject:* Re: [Info-ingres] Micro-madness

    Unicode…. There be dragons. Might be something to do with
    normalisation form - NFC and NFD say how codes can combine to form
    different characters - this page https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html <https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html> might help, or
    it might not - I was just about getting unconfused with the
    terminology of Unicode when I stopped looking at it a few years ago :(
    But weird things could happen. Have you tried a UTF8 client to see
    what happens (assuming you’ve got an installation where
    transliteration is available) ?

    Looking forward to seeing how this pans out !

    Thanks,

    - Tony

    Sent from my iPhone



    On 17 Jun 2021, at 13:54, Martin Bowes <martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk
    <mailto:martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk>> wrote:

    

    Hi All,

    Can someone please explain this one…please use small words…

    My Linux installation is an ISO-8859-1 charset. We have a  table
    which has an nvarchar(20) column.

    Now the Greek mu symbol is U+00B5, a capital-A with a circumflex
    is 00C2, The ¼ is U+00BC, and a capital-I with a circumflex is U+00CE.

    And in _terminal monitor_ connection, how does this work…

    select U&'\00c2', U&'\00b5', U&'\00c2\00b5'\g

    ┌──────┬──────┬──────┐

    │col1  │col2  │col3  │

    ├──────┼──────┼──────┤

    │▒     │▒     │µ    │

    └──────┴──────┴──────┘

    (1 row)

    select u&'\00ce', u&'\00bc', u&'\00ce\00bc'\g

    ┌──────┬──────┬──────┐

    │col1  │col2  │col3  │

    ├──────┼──────┼──────┤

    │▒     │▒     │μ    │

    └──────┴──────┴──────┘

    (1 row)

    So two weird codes have both combined to make a mu. I didn’t just
    invent these. I got them from two distinct data sets which were
    being compared.

    And they are clearly not the same thing.

    create table test(id integer1, a nvarchar(20));

    insert into test values (1, U&'\00c2\00b5'), (2, U&'\00ce\00bc');

    select * from test\g

    ┌──────┬────────────────────────────────────────┐

    │id │a                                       │

    ├──────┼────────────────────────────────────────┤

    │ 1│µ                                      │

    │     2│μ           │

    └──────┴────────────────────────────────────────┘

    (2 rows)

    select a, count(1) from test group by a\g

    ┌────────────────────────────────────────┬─────────────┐

    │a │col2         │

    ├────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────┤

    │µ │            1│

    │μ │            1│

    └────────────────────────────────────────┴─────────────┘

    (2 rows)

    So could someone please explain this, and also how I can write
    some code which will say these two mu’s are the same thing.

    Marty

    _______________________________________________
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    Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org
    <mailto:Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org>
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    </head>
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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Choose one representation and change
    the codes, use an insert/modify rule to force consistency?<br>
    <br>
    On 17/06/2021 14:17, Martin Bowes wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
    cite="mid:f09c0070a3af4981973803ad70bee765@ndph.ox.ac.uk">
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    {mso-style-priority:99;
    color:#954F72;
    text-decoration:underline;}p.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText
    {mso-style-priority:99;
    mso-style-link:"Plain Text Char";
    margin:0cm;
    margin-bottom:.0001pt;
    font-size:10.5pt;
    font-family:Consolas;
    mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}p.msonormal0, li.msonormal0, div.msonormal0
    {mso-style-name:msonormal;
    mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
    margin-right:0cm;
    mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
    margin-left:0cm;
    font-size:12.0pt;
    font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}span.PlainTextChar
    {mso-style-name:"Plain Text Char";
    mso-style-priority:99;
    mso-style-link:"Plain Text";
    font-family:Consolas;}span.EmailStyle20
    {mso-style-type:personal;
    font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
    color:windowtext;}span.EmailStyle21
    {mso-style-type:personal-reply;
    font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
    color:#1F497D;}.MsoChpDefault
    {mso-style-type:export-only;
    font-size:10.0pt;}div.WordSection1
    {page:WordSection1;}ol
    {margin-bottom:0cm;}ul
    {margin-bottom:0cm;}</style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
    <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
    </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
    <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
    <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
    </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
    <div class="WordSection1">
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">I’m seeing some
    progress…nvarchar stores Unicode points as UTF-8.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">And:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif">The UTF-8 encoding of mu (</span>U+03BC)
    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif">is 0xCE 0xBC</span><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=896&amp;number=128&amp;names=-&amp;utf8=0x">https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=896&amp;number=128&amp;
    names=-&amp;utf8=0x</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif">Also the UTF-8 encoding of mu(</span>U+00B5)
    is
    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif">0xC2 0xB5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=128&amp;number=128&amp;names=-&amp;utf8=0x">https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=128&amp;number=128&amp;
    names=-&amp;utf8=0x</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">So we have two
    Unicode code points for mu…why I know not.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">And I still
    don’t know how to get them to equate.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Marty<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <div>
    <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
    1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
    <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
    style="mso-fareast-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
    style="mso-fareast-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-US"> Tony
    Douglas <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:tonyd08068@netscape.net">&lt;tonyd08068@netscape.net&gt;</a>
    <br>
    <b>Sent:</b> 17 June 2021 14:05<br>
    <b>To:</b> Martin Bowes
    <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk">&lt;martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk&gt;</a><br>
    <b>Cc:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org">info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org</a><br>
    <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Info-ingres] Micro-madness<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    </div>
    </div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Unicode…. There be dragons. Might be
    something to do with normalisation form - NFC and NFD say how
    codes can combine to form different characters - this page <a
    href="https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html"
    moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html</a> might
    help, or it might not - I was just about getting unconfused
    with the terminology of Unicode when I stopped looking at it a
    few years ago :( But weird things could happen. Have you tried
    a UTF8 client to see what happens (assuming you’ve got an
    installation where transliteration is available) ?<span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Looking forward to seeing how this pans
    out !<o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">- Tony<o:p></o:p></p>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Sent from my iPhone<o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
    <br>
    <o:p></o:p></p>
    <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">On 17
    Jun 2021, at 13:54, Martin Bowes &lt;<a
    href="mailto:martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk"
    moz-do-not-send="true">martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk</a>&gt;
    wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
    </blockquote>
    </div>
    <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB">
    <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Hi All,<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Can someone please explain this
    one…please use small words…<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">My Linux installation is an
    ISO-8859-1 charset. We have a  table which has an
    nvarchar(20) column.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Now the Greek mu symbol is U+00B5, a
    capital-A with a circumflex is 00C2, The ¼ is U+00BC,
    and a capital-I with a circumflex is U+00CE.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">And in <u>terminal monitor</u>
    connection, how does this work…<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select U&amp;'\00c2', U&amp;'\00b5',
    <span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">U&amp;'\00c2\00b5'</span>\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌──────┬──────┬──────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│col1  │col2  │col3  │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├──────┼──────┼──────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│▒     │▒     │µ    │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└──────┴──────┴──────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(1 row)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select u&amp;'\00ce', u&amp;'\00bc',
    <span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">u&amp;'\00ce\00bc</span>'\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌──────┬──────┬──────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│col1  │col2  │col3  │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├──────┼──────┼──────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│▒     │▒     │μ    │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└──────┴──────┴──────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(1 row)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">So two weird codes have both combined
    to make a mu. I didn’t just invent these. I got them
    from two distinct data sets which were being compared.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">And they are clearly not the same
    thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">create table test(id integer1, a
    nvarchar(20));</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">insert into test values (1,
    U&amp;'\00c2\00b5'), (2, U&amp;'\00ce\00bc');</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select * from test\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌──────┬────────────────────────────────────────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│id   
    │a                                       │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├──────┼────────────────────────────────────────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│    
    1│µ                                      │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│     2│μ                           
              │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└──────┴────────────────────────────────────────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(2 rows)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select a, count(1) from test group by
    a\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌────────────────────────────────────────┬─────────────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│a                                      
    │col2         │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│µ                                     
    │            1│</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│μ                                     
    │            1│</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└────────────────────────────────────────┴─────────────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(2 rows)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">So could someone please explain this,
    and also how I can write some code which will say these
    two mu’s are the same thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Marty<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman&quot;,serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB">_______________________________________________<br>
    Info-ingres mailing list<br>
    <a href="mailto:Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org"
    moz-do-not-send="true">Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org</a><br>
    <a
    href="https://lists.planetingres.org/mailman/listinfo/info-ingres"
    moz-do-not-send="true">https://lists.planetingres.org/mailman/listinfo/info-ingres</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    </div>
    </blockquote>
    </div>
    </div>
    <br>
    <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
    <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
    Info-ingres mailing list
    <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org">Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org</a>
    <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://lists.planetingres.org/mailman/listinfo/info-ingres">https://lists.planetingres.org/mailman/listinfo/info-ingres</a>
    </pre>
    </blockquote>
    <p><br>
    </p>
    </body>
    </html>

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From Paul A.@21:1/5 to Martin Bowes on Thu Jun 17 17:08:06 2021
    To: info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org (info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org)

    This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
    I just googled this.

    B5 is lower-case mu, BC is upper-case mu

    So they are different.

    https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+00B5

    On 17/06/2021 15:26, Martin Bowes wrote:

    Yeah, that’s the idea I’ve explored with the user. It’s amazing what you can do with the replace function.

    Something a bit more general may still be required as I’m pretty well guaranteed to bump into this elsewhere.

    Marty

    *From:*Paul A. <paul@ipauland.com>
    *Sent:* 17 June 2021 15:21
    *To:* info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org
    *Subject:* Re: [Info-ingres] Micro-madness

    Choose one representation and change the codes, use an insert/modify
    rule to force consistency?

    On 17/06/2021 14:17, Martin Bowes wrote:

    I’m seeing some progress…nvarchar stores Unicode points as UTF-8.

    And:

    The UTF-8 encoding of mu (U+03BC) is 0xCE 0xBC

    https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=896&number=128&names=-&utf8=0x
    <https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=896&number=128&names=-&utf8=0x>

    Also the UTF-8 encoding of mu(U+00B5) is 0xC2 0xB5

    https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=128&number=128&names=-&utf8=0x
    <https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=128&number=128&names=-&utf8=0x>

    So we have two Unicode code points for mu…why I know not.

    And I still don’t know how to get them to equate.

    Marty

    *From:*Tony Douglas <tonyd08068@netscape.net>
    <mailto:tonyd08068@netscape.net>
    *Sent:* 17 June 2021 14:05
    *To:* Martin Bowes <martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk>
    <mailto:martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk>
    *Cc:* info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org
    <mailto:info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org>
    *Subject:* Re: [Info-ingres] Micro-madness

    Unicode…. There be dragons. Might be something to do with
    normalisation form - NFC and NFD say how codes can combine to form
    different characters - this page
    https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html
    <https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html> might help,
    or it might not - I was just about getting unconfused with the
    terminology of Unicode when I stopped looking at it a few years
    ago :( But weird things could happen. Have you tried a UTF8 client
    to see what happens (assuming you’ve got an installation where
    transliteration is available) ?

    Looking forward to seeing how this pans out !

    Thanks,

    - Tony

    Sent from my iPhone




    On 17 Jun 2021, at 13:54, Martin Bowes
    <martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk
    <mailto:martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk>> wrote:

    

    Hi All,

    Can someone please explain this one…please use small words…

    My Linux installation is an ISO-8859-1 charset. We have a 
    table which has an nvarchar(20) column.

    Now the Greek mu symbol is U+00B5, a capital-A with a
    circumflex is 00C2, The ¼ is U+00BC, and a capital-I with a
    circumflex is U+00CE.

    And in _terminal monitor_ connection, how does this work…

    select U&'\00c2', U&'\00b5', U&'\00c2\00b5'\g

    ┌──────┬──────┬──────┐

    │col1  │col2  │col3  │

    ├──────┼──────┼──────┤

    │▒     │▒     │µ    │

    └──────┴──────┴──────┘

    (1 row)

    select u&'\00ce', u&'\00bc', u&'\00ce\00bc'\g

    ┌──────┬──────┬──────┐

    │col1  │col2  │col3  │

    ├──────┼──────┼──────┤

    │▒     │▒     │μ    │

    └──────┴──────┴──────┘

    (1 row)

    So two weird codes have both combined to make a mu. I didn’t
    just invent these. I got them from two distinct data sets
    which were being compared.

    And they are clearly not the same thing.

    create table test(id integer1, a nvarchar(20));

    insert into test values (1, U&'\00c2\00b5'), (2, U&'\00ce\00bc');

    select * from test\g

    ┌──────┬────────────────────────────────────────┐

    │id │a                                       │

    ├──────┼────────────────────────────────────────┤

    │ 1│µ                                      │

    │     2│μ           │

    └──────┴────────────────────────────────────────┘

    (2 rows)

    select a, count(1) from test group by a\g

    ┌────────────────────────────────────────┬─────────────┐

    │a │col2         │

    ├────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────┤

    │µ │            1│

    │μ │            1│

    └────────────────────────────────────────┴─────────────┘

    (2 rows)

    So could someone please explain this, and also how I can write
    some code which will say these two mu’s are the same thing.

    Marty

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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">I just googled this.</div>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix"><br>
    </div>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">B5 is lower-case mu, BC is upper-case
    mu<br>
    <br>
    So they are different.<br>
    <br>
    <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+00B5">https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+00B5</a><br>
    <br>
    On 17/06/2021 15:26, Martin Bowes wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
    cite="mid:378bf1e17535469196004d663242f936@ndph.ox.ac.uk">
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    <div class="WordSection1">
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Yeah, that’s
    the idea I’ve explored with the user. It’s amazing what you
    can do with the replace function.
    <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Something a bit
    more general may still be required as I’m pretty well
    guaranteed to bump into this elsewhere.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Marty<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <div>
    <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
    1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
    <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
    style="mso-fareast-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
    style="mso-fareast-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-US"> Paul A.
    <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:paul@ipauland.com">&lt;paul@ipauland.com&gt;</a>
    <br>
    <b>Sent:</b> 17 June 2021 15:21<br>
    <b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org">info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org</a><br>
    <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Info-ingres] Micro-madness<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    </div>
    </div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Choose one representation and change the
    codes, use an insert/modify rule to force consistency?<br>
    <br>
    On 17/06/2021 14:17, Martin Bowes wrote:<span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    </div>
    <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">I’m seeing
    some progress…nvarchar stores Unicode points as UTF-8.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">And:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman
    ,serif&quot;,serif">The UTF-8 encoding of mu (</span>U+03BC)
    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman ,serif&quot;,serif">is 0xCE 0xBC</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman
    ,serif&quot;,serif"><a href="https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=896&amp;number=128&amp;names=-&amp;utf8=0x"
    moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=896&amp;number=128&amp;names=-&amp;utf8=0x</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman
    ,serif&quot;,serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman
    ,serif&quot;,serif">Also the UTF-8 encoding of mu(</span>U+00B5)
    is
    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
    Roman ,serif&quot;,serif">0xC2 0xB5</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman
    ,serif&quot;,serif"><a href="https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=128&amp;number=128&amp;names=-&amp;utf8=0x"
    moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.utf8-chartable.de/unicode-utf8-table.pl?start=128&amp;number=128&amp;names=-&amp;utf8=0x</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">So we have
    two Unicode code points for mu…why I know not.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">And I still
    don’t know how to get them to equate.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Marty</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <div>
    <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
    1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
    <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
    style="mso-fareast-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
    style="mso-fareast-language:EN-GB" lang="EN-US"> Tony
    Douglas
    <a href="mailto:tonyd08068@netscape.net"
    moz-do-not-send="true">&lt;tonyd08068@netscape.net&gt;</a>
    <br>
    <b>Sent:</b> 17 June 2021 14:05<br>
    <b>To:</b> Martin Bowes <a
    href="mailto:martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk"
    moz-do-not-send="true">&lt;martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk&gt;</a><br>
    <b>Cc:</b> <a
    href="mailto:info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org"
    moz-do-not-send="true">info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org</a><br>
    <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Info-ingres] Micro-madness</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    </div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Unicode…. There be dragons. Might be
    something to do with normalisation form - NFC and NFD say
    how codes can combine to form different characters - this
    page <a
    href="https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html"
    moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html</a> might
    help, or it might not - I was just about getting unconfused
    with the terminology of Unicode when I stopped looking at it
    a few years ago :( But weird things could happen. Have you
    tried a UTF8 client to see what happens (assuming you’ve got
    an installation where transliteration is available) ?<o:p></o:p></p>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Looking forward to seeing how this pans
    out !<o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">- Tony<o:p></o:p></p>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Sent from my iPhone<o:p></o:p></p>
    </div>
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <o:p></o:p></p>
    <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">On 17
    Jun 2021, at 13:54, Martin Bowes &lt;<a
    href="mailto:martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk"
    moz-do-not-send="true">martin.bowes@ndph.ox.ac.uk</a>&gt;
    wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
    </blockquote>
    </div>
    <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
    <div>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Hi All,<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Can someone please explain this
    one…please use small words…<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">My Linux installation is an
    ISO-8859-1 charset. We have a  table which has an
    nvarchar(20) column.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Now the Greek mu symbol is U+00B5,
    a capital-A with a circumflex is 00C2, The ¼ is
    U+00BC, and a capital-I with a circumflex is U+00CE.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">And in <u>terminal monitor</u>
    connection, how does this work…<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select U&amp;'\00c2', U&amp;'\00b5',
    <span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">U&amp;'\00c2\00b5'</span>\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌──────┬──────┬──────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│col1  │col2  │col3  │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├──────┼──────┼──────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│▒     │▒     │µ    │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└──────┴──────┴──────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(1 row)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select u&amp;'\00ce', u&amp;'\00bc',
    <span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">u&amp;'\00ce\00bc</span>'\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌──────┬──────┬──────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│col1  │col2  │col3  │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├──────┼──────┼──────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│▒     │▒     │μ    │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└──────┴──────┴──────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
    style="margin-left:72.0pt;text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(1 row)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">So two weird codes have both
    combined to make a mu. I didn’t just invent these. I
    got them from two distinct data sets which were being
    compared.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">And they are clearly not the same
    thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">create table test(id integer1, a
    nvarchar(20));</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoPlainText"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">insert into test values (1,
    U&amp;'\00c2\00b5'), (2, U&amp;'\00ce\00bc');</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select * from test\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌──────┬────────────────────────────────────────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│id   
    │a                                       │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├──────┼────────────────────────────────────────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│    
    1│µ                                      │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│     2│μ                           
              │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└──────┴────────────────────────────────────────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(2 rows)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">select a, count(1) from test group by
    a\g</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">┌────────────────────────────────────────┬─────────────┐</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│a                                      
    │col2         │</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">├────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────┤</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│µ                                     
    │            1│</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">│μ                                     
    │            1│</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">└────────────────────────────────────────┴─────────────┘</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Lucida
    Console&quot;">(2 rows)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">So could someone please explain
    this, and also how I can write some code which will
    say these two mu’s are the same thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal">Marty<o:p></o:p></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">_______________________________________________<br>
    Info-ingres mailing list<br>
    <a href="mailto:Info-ingres@lists.planetingres.org"
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    <pre>Info-ingres mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
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    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)
  • From nikosv@21:1/5 to All on Thu Jun 17 13:31:45 2021
    U+03BC is Greek alphabet letter - Greek Small Letter Mu
    U+00B5 is a symbol - Micro sign

    If you check the Unicode Script section at

    https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+03BC https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+00B5

    the former resides in "Greek" script,
    the latter in "Code for undetermined" script.

    As such the latter is not considered part of the Greek language/alphabet but a mere symbol,
    "unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10−6 "

    --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05
    * Origin: fsxNet Usenet Gateway (21:1/5)