[continued from previous message]
standard, while PAL was used in countries using Systems B/G and System I, and SECAM was used in France over System L. Thus NTSC M, PAL B/G, and PAL I, plus SECAM L in France, became the most common color TV broadcast systems used around the world. Outliers: PAL N in Argentina/Paraguay/Uruguay; PAL M in Brazil; NTSC J in Japan.
NTSC M actually and officially uses a slightly altered System M, where the frame rate is approximately 59.940 fields per second, or 29.970 frames per second (fps). PAL B/G, PAL I and SECAM L frame rates are exactly 25 fps.
In the 1970s a commercial market emerged for video display devices that would be compatible with existing TV broadcast standard video, but where the RF modulation/demodulation circuitry for transmitting/receiving audio/video broadcast signals over the air was omitted. Such a video signal, containing both luminance (Y) and (optionally) chrominance (C) information, but no audio, became known as composite video (often just "video"). A color composite video signal can be characterized by the color encoding standard used, one of the same standards invented for broadcast television: NTSC, PAL, or SECAM.
The luminance (Y) and chrominance (C) components that make up a color
composite video signal can also be transmitted as two separate signals. Such video is known as Y/C video, or S-video. Like both analog broadcast TV
signals and color composite video, Y/C video can also be characterized by the color encoding standard used: NTSC, PAL, or SECAM.
A monochrome composite video signal contains luminance (Y) information but no chrominance (C) information, and is typically characterized by its refresh rate: 60Hz (System M compatible) or 50Hz (Systems B/G/I/L/N compatible).
Each Atari computer version was designed to comply with video system standards used in the destination target market for that unit. Atari produced versions of their computers for NTSC, PAL, and SECAM markets, supporting combinations
of color analog RF broadcast standards (NTSC M, PAL B, PAL G, PAL I), color composite video standards (NTSC, PAL, SECAM), composite luminance signals ("Y"), and composite chrominance signals ("C"; NTSC or PAL) as follows:
RF Out Ch. ../ Monitor Port \...
to TV Composite "Y" "C" Computer Model Versions
NTSC M 2/3 - - - 400,600XL
NTSC M 2/3 NTSC 60Hz NTSC 800,800XL(latest),65XE,130XE
NTSC M 2/3 NTSC 60Hz - 1200XL,800XL(most)
NTSC M 2/3 NTSC - - XEgs
PAL B 3/4 - - - 400
PAL B 4 PAL 50Hz PAL 800,800XL(later),130XE,800XE
PAL B 4 PAL 50Hz - 800XL(earlier)
PAL B 4 PAL - - 600XL,XEgs
PAL G 36 - - - 400
PAL G 36 PAL 50Hz PAL 800,800XL(later),65XE,130XE,800XE
PAL G 36 PAL 50Hz - 800XL(earlier)
PAL G 36 PAL - - 600XL,XEgs
PAL I 36 - - - 400
PAL I 36 PAL 50Hz PAL 800,800XL(later),65XE,130XE
PAL I 36 PAL 50Hz - 800XL(earlier)
PAL I 36 PAL - - 600XL,XEgs
* * SECAM - - 800XL,130XE,XEgs
* monitor port includes provisions for an external in-line RF modulator
------------------------------
Subject: 2.2) What kinds of TVs can display my Atari's RF output signal?
An Atari 8-bit computer produces a single video display channel and a single (monophonic) audio channel. The 400/800 models also produce some sounds (primarily the keyclick and system buzzer sounds) by way of an internal speaker.
Most Atari computers provide both their audio and video channels in a single Radio-Frequency (RF) modulated audio/video signal, equivalent to a standard
(of the time) analog television (TV) NTSC or PAL encoded color broadcast signal. The Atari's RF signal may be used on a television that:
- Supports use of an external RF aerial antenna for receiving terrestrial TV
broadcast signals
- Can decode an analog NTSC M, PAL I, PAL G, or PAL B color TV broadcast
RF signal, matching the RF signal output by the computer
NTSC M Atari computers (North America) use:
- 55.25MHz video/59.75MHz audio - TV Channel 2 standard
- 61.25MHz video/65.75MHz audio - TV Channel 3 standard
PAL I Atari computers (UK) use:
- 591.25MHz video/597.25MHz audio - TV Channel 36 standard
PAL G Atari computers (Europe) use:
- 591.25MHz video/596.75MHz audio - TV Channel 36 standard
NOTE: If a PAL I computer connected to a PAL G TV, or PAL G computer is
connected to a PAL I TV, the result is normal video but lacking audio.
PAL B Atari computers (Germany, Finland) use:
- 55.25MHz video/60.75MHz audio - TV Channel 3 standard (400, some 600XL)
- 62.25MHz video/67.75MHz audio - TV Channel 4 standard
(SECAM Atari computers (France) do not output an RF signal.)
The Atari's RF signal is accessed in one of the following places on the computer:
400/800: Built-in coaxial cable with male phono plug (NTSC computer
versions) or male Belling-Lee TV aerial plug (PAL computers)
XL/XE: Switch Box / Television jack (phono jack - female)
Domestic 400/800/XL/XE computers (NTSC M) shipped with a TV Switch Box (CA010112 / CA014746 packaged). This includes a phono jack (female) for RF signal input from the Atari, input connector(s) for your TV/cable/satellite antenna, and 75-ohm and/or 300-ohm output connector(s) for connection to the antenna input on the television. (For optimal signal quality, a simple
adapter (phono socket - female to F connector plug - male) in place of the standard TV Switch Box may be preferred.)
Domestic XL/XE computers (NTSC M) shipped with a coaxial RF Cable / TV Video Cable (1200XL: CA061177 - 12 feet; other XL/XE: CA024624 toroid cable Domestic/NTSC versions). The input end is a phono plug (male) that plugs into the Switch Box/Television jack on the computer; the output end is also a phono plug (male).
PAL/UK XL/XE computers (PAL B/G or PAL I) shipped with a coaxial RF Cable / TV Video Cable (CA024624 Toroid Cable PAL versions). The input end is a phono plug that plugs into the Switch Box/Television jack on the computer; the
output end is a TV aerial plug (Belling-Lee plug - male).
------------------------------
Subject: 2.3) What kinds of computer monitors can I use with my Atari?
An Atari 8-bit computer produces a single video display channel and a single (monophonic) audio channel. The 400/800 models also produce some sounds (primarily the keyclick and system buzzer sounds) by way of an internal speaker.
While most Atari computers provide an RF color television signal (described in another section of this FAQ list), many also (or alternatively) provide a composite video signal, and some also provide a composite luminance signal ("Y") or a composite chrominance signal ("C") or both, which together are
known as Y/C video or S-video. The French Peritel 400/800 provide limited palette RGB video signals.
Except for the NTSC and PAL versions of the XE System Console, Atari computer versions that provide composite, "Y", or "C" video signals output them through the computer's Monitor port, which also contains a line for the computer's audio output. The pinouts for the Atari Monitor ports are in the pinouts section of this FAQ list.
The XE System Console (all versions) provides a phono Video jack for composite video output, and a phono Audio jack for the computer's audio output.
Color Composite Video Monitors
==============================
An 8-bit Atari computer, except the 400 and the NTSC version of the 600XL, provides an NTSC, PAL, or SECAM (depending on the computer version) composite video output signal. Any computer monitor, television, or video receiver that accepts a standard NTSC, PAL, or SECAM (matching the computer version) composite video input can be used with the Atari. For sound support, a
monitor that also accepts a separate sound input and has a built-in speaker could be used. Such monitors were common for use with home computers at the time of the Atari, in part because the picture quality was superior to that offered by TVs of the time. Modern devices that accept a composite video
input remain suitable as well.
The typical Atari (color) monitor cable includes the male 5-pin DIN connector on one end for the Atari Monitor port, and two phono plugs on the other end. One of the phono plugs will carry the monophonic sound signal, and the other will carry the composite video signal. Atari's own CX89 Color Monitor Cable
is of this type.
Monochrome Composite Video Monitors
===================================
Many 8-bit Atari computer models, including the 800, 1200XL, 800XL, 65XE, 130XE, and 800XE, provide a composite luminance video output signal ("Y").
The video signal refresh rate corresponds to the computer version: 60Hz on
NTSC computer versions or 50Hz on PAL computer versions. Any computer
monitor, television, or video receiver that accepts a standard 60Hz or 50Hz (matching the computer version) monochrome composite video input can be used with the Atari. For sound support, a monitor that also accepts a separate sound input and has a built-in speaker could be used. At the time of the
Atari a monochrome composite monitor, when compared to a color composite monitor, was less expensive and generally provided a sharper and easier to
read image. The monitor reduces the Atari's color graphics output to shades
of green or amber (depending on the monitor), making the display less suitable for entertainment or education software, but more suitable for productivity applications.
An Atari monochrome monitor cable includes the male 5-pin DIN connector on one end for the Atari Monitor port, and two phono plugs on the other end. One of the phono plugs will carry the monophonic sound signal, and the other will carry the composite luminance "Y" signal. Atari's own CX82 Black and White Monitor Cable is of this type.
The Atari XEP80 Interface Module can be used to add a high-resolution monochrome composite video output to any 8-bit Atari computer. The XEP80 is detailed elsewhere in this FAQ list.
Y/C Video (S-Video) Monitors
============================
Some 8-bit Atari computer models, including the 800, 800XL (later units),
65XE, 130XE, and 800XE, provide both a composite luminance video output signal ("Y") as well as an NTSC or PAL (depending on the computer version) composite chrominance output signal ("C"). Any computer monitor, television, or video receiver that accepts standard NTSC or PAL (matching the computer version) Y/C video, also known as S-video, can be used with the Atari. For sound support,
a
monitor that also accepts a separate sound input and has a built-in speaker could be used. Y/C video quality is superior to color composite video,
making supporting display devices the ideal for use with the Atari. Such monitors were highly sought after by savvy Atari users of the time.
The most flexible type of Atari monitor cable includes the male 5-pin DIN connector on one end for the Atari Monitor port, and includes 4 phono plugs at the output end, carrying the monophonic sound signal, the composite video signal, the composite luminance ("Y") signal, and the composite chrominance ("C") signal. Such a cable can be used to connect an Atari to a color monitor accepting separate "Y" and "C" inputs, to a color composite monitor, or to a monochrome composite monitor. (Atari themselves did not produce a monitor cable of this type.)
While the best color composite monitors of the time of the Atari accepted "Y" and "C" signal inputs through phono jacks, more modern television or video receivers may accept these input signals together in the form of an S-video Mini4 connector. "Atari to S-video" interfaces or cables allow such modern devices to work nicely with the highest quality video output signal produced
by the Atari.
Television Sets in France
=========================
Entering the French market with the 400/800 was a challenge for Atari because they lacked SECAM versions of the computers to sell, and newer TVs also supporting PAL video were not yet widely available. Atari's initial
workaround to support more French TVs was to offer PAL G computer versions modified to additionally provide an RGB video signal. It was only a partial solution, because the Atari's RGB signal output had a limited palette of only
8 possible colors, derived from the 8 luminance/brightness levels as generated by GTIA. Native Atari PAL color/hue information was ignored.
The 400 Peritel version has a built-in TV connecting cable that terminates
with a Peritel connector. The 800 Peritel version was supplied with a cable that plugs into the 800 Peritel Monitor port (8-pin DIN) at one end, with the Peritel connector at the other end. 400/800 Peritel cable connector pinout:
6. Audio (mono)
7. RGB Blue _20_________________2_
8. Slow Switching (+12V = AV Mode 4:3) \ o o o o o o o o o o |
11. RGB Green (21)\ o o o o o o o o o o|
15. RGB Red 19------------------1
16. Fast Switching (High / +1-3V = RGB)
17. Video Ground Not connected: pins 1-5,9-10,12-14,18-19
20. RGB Sync
see:
http://atariage.com/forums/topic/252426-400pal-with-rf-and-scartperitel/
When development of native SECAM versions of the 600XL/800XL was delayed Atari chose to supply (unmodified) PAL G 600XL/800XL computers in France, as TVs supporting PAL video were becoming more common. Yet, to support older televisions requiring SECAM or RGB video, Atari also separately offered the Adaptateur PAL/Peritel PVP80 (by Compagnie Generale de Videotechnique or CGV) to provide an RGB video signal (and audio) via Peritel connector. The PVP80 plugs into the 600XL/800XL monitor port (5-pin DIN) at one end, with the Peritel connector at the other end. PVP80 Peritel connector pinout:
4. Audio Ground
6. Audio (mono)
7. RGB Blue _20_________________2_
8. Slow Switching (+12V = AV Mode 4:3) \ o o o o o o o o o o |
11. RGB Green (21)\ o o o o o o o o o o|
15. RGB Red 19------------------1
16. Fast Switching (High / +1-3V = RGB)
17. Video Ground Ground: 4,5,9,13,17,18
20. RGB Sync Not connected: pins 1-3,10,12,14,19
The standard video cable provided by Atari France with SECAM 800XL, 130XE and XE System Console units has the male 6-pin DIN on the end that plugs into the computer's Monitor port, and a Peritel connector on the other end, with this pinout:
2. Audio (tied to pin 6) _20_________________2_
4. Audio Ground (tied to pin 17) \ o o o o o o o o o o |
6. Audio (tied to pin 2) (21)\ o o o o o o o o o o|
8. Slow Switching (+12V = AV Mode 4:3) 19------------------1
16. Fast Switching (Low / not connected = Composite)
17. Video Ground (tied to pin 4)
20. Composite video (SECAM standard)
Not connected: pins 1,3,5,7,9-16,18-19
------------------------------
Subject: 2.4) What were the Atari XC1411 and XM128 monitors?
The Atari XC1411 monitor was shown at the January 1985 Winter Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. It was a 14" color composite video monitor, with built-in speaker, styled to match the Atari XE computers. There were two phono jacks, one for composite video and one for sound, and units were in the same case as the original Goldstar-produced Atari SC1224 monitor for Atari ST computers. The XC1411 never shipped, and no more than a handful of prototype units may exist.
The Atari XM128 monitor was shown at the January 1985 Winter Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. It was a 12" green monochrome composite monitor, styled to match the Atari XE computers, suitable for high-resolution 80-column text display. The XM128 never shipped, and no more than a handful
of prototype units may exist.
------------------------------
Subject: 2.5) What are composite video artifact colors, or artifacts?
Much of this section derived directly from De Re Atari, Appendix D:
"Television Artifacts":
http://www.atariarchives.org/dere/chaptD.php
Appendix D is credited to Atari's Lane Winner with assistance from Jim Cox.
Composite video artifact colors arise when a spot or "pixel" on the screen displays a different color than the one assigned to it.
The possibility of artifacting is inherent to the nature of an NTSC or PAL composite video signal. The two major components of this signal are the luminance, or brightness, and the color, or tint. The luminance information
is the primary signal, containing not only the brightness data but also the horizontal and vertical syncs and blanks. The color signal contains the color information and is combined or modulated into the luminance waveform.
The luminance of a pixel on the screen is directly dependent on the amplitude of the luminance signal at that point. The higher the amplitude of the
signal,
the brighter the pixel.
The color information, however, is a phase shifted signal. A phase-shifted signal is a constantly oscillating waveform that has been delayed by some amount of time relative to a reference signal, and this time delay is translated into the color.
In the NTSC standard, the color signal, or color subcarrier, oscillates at a constant rate of 315/88 MHz (approximately 3.579545 MHz or 3.58 MHz). In the PAL standard, the color subcarrier is 4.43361875 MHz. These color subcarrier frequencies set an upper boundary to the horizontal color resolution of an
NTSC or PAL composite video signal. The horizontal unit of maximum resolution for color composite video is known as the color cycle.
The Atari's system timing is built around the timing of the composite video color cycle. The Atari term "color clock" refers to one color cycle and is
the term generally used throughout the Atari documentation to describe units
of measurement across the screen. The OS graphics mode 7 (ANTIC mode D) is an example of one color clock resolution, where each color clock pixel can be a different color, for a horizontal resolution of 160 pixels in the playfield.
The Atari also offers "high resolution" graphics, where pixel width is half that of a color clock.
Since the luminance is the primary part of the composite video signal,
whenever it changes, it also forces a change in the color phase shift. For
one or more color clocks of constant luminance this is no problem, since the color phase shift will be unchanged in this area. However, if the luminance changes on a half color clock boundary it will force a fast color shift at
that point.
For the NTSC Atari, where a machine cycle is precisely 1/2 of the NTSC color subcarrier frequency, varying the amplitude of the luminance signal at twice the color clock frequency (2*3.58MHz) also means generating a signal at
exactly twice the NTSC color subcarrier frequency. The result is stable NTSC color information for that pixel that was not generated as color information
by the Atari.
Since the luminance can change on half color clock boundaries, this implies that two false color, or artifact pixel types can be generated. This is basically true. However, these two pixels can be combined to form two types
of full color clock pixels. This is illustrated below:
TV Scan | | |
Line |<---1 color clock---->| |
| | |
| | | | |
|<-1 pixel->| | | |
| | | | |
Luminance 0 1 0 0 1/2 cc pixel color A
(0=off, 1 0 0 0 1/2 cc pixel color B
1=on) 1 1 0 0 1 cc pixel color C
0 1 1 0 1 cc pixel color D
The actual colors A,B,C,D seen depends upon the version of the NTSC Atari computer used, due to variances in the designs of the video signal generation electronics leading to slightly different timings of fast color shifts and
thus different sets of artifacting colors.
With an NTSC Atari, the ANTIC screen modes capable of artifacting colors on
the computer's composite and RF video output signals are 2 (OS graphics mode 0), 3 (no corresponding OS graphics mode), and F (OS graphics mode 8). Each
of these modes has a pixel resolution of one half color clock by one scan
line. They are generally considered to have one color and two luminances.
With the use of artifacts, pixels of four different colors can be displayed on the screen in each of these modes. Artifact colors are absent when using separate chrominance and luminance video output signals.
With a PAL Atari, varying the amplitude of the luminance signal at twice the color clock frequency means about 7.08MHz. This frequency does not have a simple mathematical relationship to the PAL color subcarrier frequency of 4.43MHz. As a result, while some artifacting effects may be seen, there are no stable artifacting colors as seen on NTSC systems.
With a SECAM Atari, color information is encoded using frequency modulation rather than using a color subcarrier frequency, so there is no possibility of artifacting as seen on NTSC systems.
Recommended readings:
-
http://preview.tinyurl.com/qhyr6pg
-
http://atariage.com/forums/topic/275882-atari-800-ntsc-artifacting/
------------------------------
Subject: 2.6) What is HDTV display lag?
Much software on the 8-bit Atari is highly interactive and timing-critical.
For example, many games are highly responsive to input from the game player
via a game controller (such as a joystick). The Atari software programmer
can reasonably assume that the video display device can reflect changes as output by the Atari with no perceivable additional delay. Software timing considerations are normally limited to the capabilities and constraints of
the Atari hardware itself.
However, in some cases a television or video monitor may introduce a
noticeable lag time between the video signal as input by the Atari, and the video signal as actually displayed by the device. While any such effect is truly negligible with CRT televisions or monitors (the standard of the time of the Atari), the modern high-definition television (HDTV) has emerged as an important exception. An HDTV typically dedicates considerable processing efforts (hardware+software) toward presenting the most attractive picture possible. Since few HDTV applications require precise interactive timing,
this video processing is generally not optimized for time efficiency. When used with an older but timing-precise device such as an 8-bit Atari computer, the resulting delay can be quite noticeable, making the HDTV essentially unusable for "serious" action gaming.
Fortunately, many HDTVs offer a "game mode" that circumvents much of the video processing otherwise performed, thereby eliminating most of the display lag otherwise introduced by the television. If an HDTV is to be used with the Atari for gaming, a "game mode" on the HDTV is essential.
Wikipedia on the topic:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_lag
------------------------------
Subject: 3.1.1) What are the Atari 410, 1010, XC11, & XC12 Program Recorders?
An Atari Program Recorder resembles an ordinary audio cassette tape player, providing secondary (not directly accessible by the computer's central processing unit) and offline (removable from the computer) magnetic storage
and retrieval of digital data, using a standard (analog) compact cassette.
While the computer converts digital serial data into analog audio tones for recording/saving directly to cassette, the program recorder contains analog to digital circuitry for converting analog audio tones to digital serial data
when playing/reading from cassette.
In addition to the digital information track, the program recorder can also play back an audio track, allowing the computer user to both load/run programs and listen to voice or music.
Under the Atari Operating System, the digital storage capacity of a 60-minute cassette is about 102,400 bytes (100KiB). The Atari OS writes files in fixed- length blocks at 600 baud (physical bits/second).
Atari program recorders use SIO Motor Control; only one such device can be attached to the system at a time.
Specifications common to all Atari program recorders:
- Tape structure is standard 1/4 track stereo format:
- 4 tracks, divided into 2 channels/sides ("Side A" and "Side B")
- Each tape channel/side is stereo, consisting of 2 tracks:
- Left / Audio track
- Right / Digital track (audio frequency-shift keying (AFSK))
- Digital track consists of two tones: "mark" = 5327 Hz ; "space" = 3995 Hz
- Automatic/software motor control: the computer can control tape motion
start/stop (both play and record functions), if the recorder PLAY button
has already been pressed by the user.
- Tape speed: 1.875 IPS (inches per second)
- 3-digit tape counter
- Any audio track plays through the television/monitor speaker, by way of
the computer's audio output.
- Preset volume levels (both playback and recording)
- Media used is the Philips Compact Cassette or equivalent, containing
Type I / ferric oxide / normal bias cassette tape.
(Atari-brand CX4100 blank cassette tapes never shipped.)
- Type II ("chrome") or Type IV ("metal") cassette tapes are not used
with Atari program recorders. See:
http://preview.tinyurl.com/jgbm9p7
- Cassettes can play/record on both sides -- cassette must be removed,
flipped-over, and re-inserted to access the reverse channel/side of the
tape.
- Cassette write protect notch status is respected -- will not write to a
cassette side missing the write protect notch corresponding to that side
of the cassette.
- The cassette utilization/filesystem is controlled entirely by software,
normally the C: Cassette Handler of the Atari Operating System.
Specifications are provided elsewhere in this FAQ list.
- Only one program recorder can be operated on the Atari SIO bus.
410 Program Recorder
- Shipped with the earliest (1979-1980) 800 computer systems
- Was also included in the kit: CX482 The Educator
- Built-in SIO cable - must end SIO daisy chain
- Produced 1979-1983. Replaced by the 1010.
- Manuals:
- Atari 410 Program Recorder Operator's Manual C014810 (CO14810)
(shipped with earlier units)
- Atari 410 Program Recorder Owner's Guide C060055 (CO60055)
(shipped with later units; USA or International (Holland) printings)
- Atari 410 Program Cassette Recorder Field Service Manual FD100004
- Atari 410 Program Cassette Recorder Field Service Manual PAL-UK FD100005
- 3 main versions, each with two different variations:
1) Unreleased prototype 410 version
- Small/narrow profile
- Chrome carrying handle
- "Atari 410" label between cassette bay door and buttons
- Above cassette bay door, left to right:
Atari logo, tape counter, "Program Recorder"
- 6 Buttons, left to right:
Rewind, REC, Play, Advance, Stop, Eject
- Two unreleased prototype version variations:
1a) Buttons are black, except red REC button
2a) Buttons are white with black borders
See:
http://www.rhod.fr/images_periph/410/410proto.jpg
2) Made in Japan by Bigston (initial production version)
- Carrying handle
- "Atari 410" label between cassette bay door and buttons
- Tape counter also between cassette bay door and buttons
- 5 Buttons, left to right:
Record (red label), Rewind, Play, Advance, Stop/Eject
- Two Japan 410 version variations:
2a) 120V Made in Japan version
Power: plugs directly into wall (120V AC, 6W)
2b) 220V/240V (Direct Current) Made in Japan version
Power jack on the RIGHT side of the unit. Center positive.
Power: Used with an external DC power supply rated for 6.0V DC
and 300mA, such as the Tadmod 6498 or Atari AC/DC Adapter Type
FW3199 (both detailed elsewhere in the FAQ list) or equivalent.
3) Made in Hong Kong by Transtek or by Chelco Sound (Hong Kong) Limited
- No carrying handle
- "Atari 410" label on cassette bay door
- Tape counter above cassette bay door
- 6 Buttons, left to right:
REC, Play, Rewind, Advance, Stop/Ej., Pause
- Two Hong Kong 410 version variations:
3a) 120V 60Hz 7 watts Made in Hong Kong version
Power: plugs directly into wall (120V AC, 6W)
3b) 220V/240V (Direct Current) Made in Hong Kong version
Power jack on the BACK of the unit. Center positive.
Power: Used with an external DC power supply rated for 6.0V DC
and 300mA, such as the Tadmod 6498 or Atari AC/DC Adapter Type
FW3199 (both detailed elsewhere in the FAQ list) or equivalent.
- C015705 REV3 Atari sales flyer reads: "Two styles of the Atari 410
Program Recorder are currently manufactured, with equivalent performance."
This refers to versions #2 and #3 above.
1010 Program Recorder
- Produced from 1983-1984. Replaced the 410.
- Also included in the kit: KX7114 Programming System All-In-One-Pak
- 2 Atari SIO ports for direct connection to Atari computers
- Included: Owner's guide, Atari SIO cable, power adapter
- Manuals:
- The Atari 1010 Program Recorder Owner's Guide C061133
- Atari 1010 Cassette Recorder Field Service Manual FD100223
- Rev. 02 April 1983
- Rev. 02 September 1983
- Two slightly different versions were manufactured:
- 1010S. FCC ID: BPA99H1010
- Made in Japan by Sanyo
- 6 Buttons, left to right:
Record, Play, Rewind, Advnce, Pause, Stop/Ej
- Orange sticker inside cassette bay
- 1010C. FCC ID: BPA7YJ1010
- Made by Chelco Sound (Hong Kong) Limited
- 6 Buttons, left to right:
Record, Play, Rewind, Advnce, Stop/Ej, Pause
- Silver sticker inside cassette bay
- Power: Used with an external 8.5 to 9 volt AC transformer power supply
rated for at least 8 watts; Atari C061515 or C061516 or equivalent.
(Equivalents include the Atari CA014748 and CA017964.)
- In early production units the power indicator lights as soon as the
power adapter is plugged in. In later models the power indicator will
only light after you press Play, Rewind or Advance.
XC11 Program Recorder
- Replacement for the 1010.
- Available in the UK from winter 1986 to summer 1986 (Atari User), when it
was replaced by the XC12. Very limited 1986-1987 release in the U.S.
- Has a built-in SIO cable and one free SIO port
- Power: Drawn from SIO pin 10 (+5V/Ready)
- Made in Japan
XC12 Program Recorder
- Replacement for the XC11 (or for the 1010 in markets where the XC11 was
never released).
- Shipped in mid-1986 in the UK. Wide distribution internationally, though
never introduced in the U.S.
- Also included in the kits:
- Atari 65XE Home Computer Outfit (Dixons/Currys special offer)
- 130XE Starter Pack (UK)
- XE 2012 (France)
- "Round" window
- Based on the Phonemark PM-4401A
- Printed circuit board is marked "PM4401-4"
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