• Higher COVID-19 death rates in the south

    From ScienceDaily@1:317/3 to All on Thu Apr 28 22:30:46 2022
    Higher COVID-19 death rates in the southern U.S. due to behavior
    differences, study finds

    Date:
    April 28, 2022
    Source:
    Georgetown University Medical Center
    Summary:
    During the pre-Omicron phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, regions
    of the U.S. had markedly different mortality rates, primarily due
    to differences in mask use, school attendance, social distancing,
    and other behaviors.

    Had the entire country reacted to the pandemic as the Northeast
    region, more than 316,000 deaths might have been avoided, 62
    percent of those avoidable deaths being in the South, according
    to a new study.



    FULL STORY ========================================================================== During the pre-Omicron phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, regions of
    the U.S. had markedly different mortality rates, primarily due to
    differences in mask use, school attendance, social distancing, and
    other behaviors. Had the entire country reacted to the pandemic as the Northeast region, more than 316,000 deaths might have been avoided, 62%
    of those avoidable deaths being in the South.


    ==========================================================================
    The study, by Georgetown University's School of Nursing & Health Studies researchers, appeared April 28, 2022, in PLOS ONE.

    Excess mortality, which helps account for avoidable deaths from a new
    disease or situation, is defined by the difference between total current
    deaths and deaths expected based on earlier time period, usually the
    previous decade or so. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) calculates these numbers weekly. For this study, the CDC excess
    mortality data were analyzed for the period between January 3, 2020,
    to September 26, 2021. For regional comparison purposes, areas of the
    country were broken down into the Northeast, Midwest, South and West.

    "Our goal was to carefully examine regional differences in COVID-19 death
    rates based on reliable statistical data," says Michael Stoto, Ph.D.,
    professor of Health Systems Administration and Population Health at
    the School of Nursing & Health Studies and corresponding author of the
    study. "Our study is the first to quantify avoidable deaths and confirm
    that both COVID-19 deaths and avoidable deaths disproportionately occurred
    in the South." The investigators found that regional differences in
    COVID-19 mortality rates have persisted throughout the pandemic. The
    southern part of the United States has had higher mortality rates than
    the rest of the U.S. since the start of summer in 2020. Since October
    2020, 48% of COVID-19 deaths were in the South, which makes up 38%
    of the population, pointing to disproportionate outcomes regionally.

    The researchers also determined that between January 2020 and September
    2021 there were 895,693 excess deaths associated with COVID-19, which is
    26% more than reported by other experts who track disease. Although the official total neared on one million deaths in the U.S due to COVID-19
    by late April 2022, based on this undercount the scientists believe that threshold was actually passed at the beginning of 2022.

    These estimates of undercounts are important because most studies have
    looked at excess mortality at the state and county level in the U.S., but because of small population sizes, the studies have not examined patterns
    over time. Some earlier studies explored the relationship between COVID-19 mortality and age, education, and other factors as well as vaccine uptake, party affiliation, and other factors. But most studies have used reported COVID-19 deaths rather than excess deaths, as compared to what Dr. Stoto
    and collaborators have done, and may not be as statistically reliable.

    "This is one of a series of planned studies to look carefully at the
    response to COVID-19 in the U.S. and other countries and to learn from
    the experience in order to strengthen preparedness for future potential outbreaks," says Stoto.

    "Our team has also looked at testing and surveillance, and other
    COVID-19 metrics to understand how communities have come together to effectively deal with the pandemic." In addition to Stoto, the other
    authors from Georgetown include Samantha Schlageter, who conducted this
    work as an undergraduate in the Health Care Management & Policy program
    at the School of Nursing & Health Studies (NHS), and John D. Kraemer, an associate professor in Department of Health Systems Administration at NHS.


    ========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
    Georgetown_University_Medical_Center. Note: Content may be edited for
    style and length.


    ========================================================================== Journal Reference:
    1. Michael A. Stoto, Samantha Schlageter, John D. Kraemer. COVID-19
    mortality in the United States: It's been two Americas from
    the start.

    PLOS ONE, 2022; 17 (4): e0265053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265053 ==========================================================================

    Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220428142700.htm

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