• Heart inflammation rare among people hos

    From ScienceDaily@1:317/3 to All on Mon Apr 11 22:30:36 2022
    Heart inflammation rare among people hospitalized with COVID-19, study
    finds

    Date:
    April 11, 2022
    Source:
    American Heart Association
    Summary:
    A new study found that 54 out of nearly 57,000 adults (a rate
    of 2.4 of every 1,000) hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection
    developed acute myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle
    often caused by viral infections. The study data was from the first
    14 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, before the COVID-19 vaccines
    were broadly available.



    FULL STORY ========================================================================== Acute myocarditis, inflammation of the heart muscle typically triggered by
    a virus, occurred in about two out of every 1,000 people hospitalized with COVID- 19, and was associated with more severe illness and complications
    in people with COVID-19, especially among people who also had pneumonia, according to new research published today in the American Heart
    Association's flagship, peer- reviewed journal Circulation.


    ========================================================================== Myocarditis is a rare but serious condition that causes inflammation
    of the heart muscle. It can weaken the heart and its electrical system,
    and it can make it difficult for the heart to pump blood. An episode of myocarditis may resolve on its own or with treatment or may result in long-lasting damage.

    "While COVID-19 is a virus that predominantly leads to acute respiratory illness, there has been a small group of individuals who also experience cardiac complications," said Enrico Ammirati, M.D., Ph.D., co-lead
    author of the study and a cardiologist at De Gasperis Cardio Center
    and Transplant Center at Niguarda Hospital in Milan, Italy. "A small
    study previously indicated acute myocarditis is a rare occurrence in
    people infected with COVID-19. Our analysis of international data offers
    better insight to the occurrence of acute myocarditis during COVID-19 hospitalization, particularly before the COVID-19 vaccines were widely available." The international study examined health data for almost
    57,000 people who were hospitalized with COVID-19 from February 2020
    until April 2021, and who received care at 23 hospitals across the United States and Europe.

    Within the large study group, a total of 54 people hospitalized with
    COVID-19 were identified as having definite or probable acute myocarditis, based upon results of heart muscle biopsy and/or magnetic resonance
    imaging. Most of the people in this study were non-Hispanic white adults (76.5%), with an average age of 38 years, and more than half were male
    (61%). All had confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection based upon standard laboratory testing, and none had received a COVID-19 vaccination prior
    to developing myocarditis.

    The study analysis found:
    * An estimated 2.4 per 1,000 people hospitalized for COVID-19
    had acute
    myocarditis.

    * Acute myocarditis occurred more frequently in people who did
    not have
    pneumonia (57.4%) and was complicated by abnormal or unstable
    blood flow (hemodynamic instability) in 32% of cases.

    * The people found to have both COVID-19-related acute myocarditis and
    pneumonia had a mortality rate of 15.1%, compared to no deaths
    during hospitalization in the people who did not have pneumonia. The
    people with pneumonia were older than those without pneumonia
    (average age of 45 years vs. 30 years, respectively).

    * One in five of the people with confirmed myocarditis (20.4%),
    most of
    whom also had pneumonia, needed mechanical support for circulation
    or died while in the hospital.

    * Twenty-one individuals (38.9%) had fulminant (severe and/or
    sudden) acute
    myocarditis, and due to shock, they needed immediate medication
    support and mechanical circulatory support.

    The authors note the potential rate of COVID-19 related myocarditis may be between 1.2-5.7 per 1,000 people hospitalized for COVID-19. Some people
    were identified with possible myocarditis based on preliminary testing,
    yet they were not included in the final analysis because they did not
    meet all of the study's protocols.

    "This analysis indicates that, although rare, hospitalized patients
    with acute myocarditis associated with COVID-19 infection have a much
    greater need for intensive care unit admission, in up to 70.5% of the
    cases, despite the average age of the individuals in the study being
    much younger than expected at 38 years old," said co-lead study author
    Marco Metra, M.D., a cardiology professor at the Institute of Cardiology
    and in the department of medical and surgical specialties, radiological sciences and public health at the University of Brescia in Brescia, Italy.

    The study has several limitations. Because the analysis was retrospective, there may have been some potential selection bias. Additionally, 43
    individuals with possible acute myocarditis were excluded due to a
    lack of imaging or biopsy information. People older than 70 years of
    age were also not included because of a higher chance of age-related
    cardiac issues visible on magnetic resonance imaging. Some people were
    not screened for other viruses or immunological causes of myocarditis,
    so there may have been other contributing factors. Further, in some of
    the hospitals that were heavily hit early in the pandemic, some people
    with acute myocarditis may have been missed.

    Co-authors are Laura Lupi, M.D.; Matteo Palazzini, M.D.; Nicholas
    S. Hendren, M.D.; Justin L. Grodin, M.D., M.P.H.; Carlo V. Cannistraci,
    Eng., Ph.D.; Matthieu Schmidt, M.D.; Guillaume Hekimian, M.D.; Giovanni Peretto, M.D.; Thomas Bochaton, M.D.; Ahmad Hayek, M.D.; Nicolas Piriou,
    M.D.; Sergio Leonardi, M.D.; Stefania Guida, M.D.; Annalisa Turco, M.D.;
    Simone Sala, M.D.; Aitor Uribarri, M.D.; Caroline M. Van de Heyning,
    M.D., Ph.D.; Massimo Mapelli, M.D.; Jeness Campodonico, M.D.; Patrizia Pedrotti, M.D.; Maria Isabel Barrionuevo Sa'nchez, M.D.; Albert Ariza
    Sole, M.D.; Marco Marini, M.D.; Maria Vittoria Matassini, M.D.; Mickael Vourc'h, M.D.; Antonio Cannata`, M.D.; Daniel I. Bromage, M.D.; Daniele Briguglia, M.D.; Jorge Salamanca, M.D.; Pablo Diez- Villanueva, M.D.,
    Ph.D.; Jukka Lehtonen, M.D.; Florent Huang, M.D.; Ste'phanie Russel, M.D.; Francesco Soriano, M.D.; Fabrizio Turrini, M.D.; Manlio Cipriani, M.D.;
    Manuela Bramerio, M.D.; Mattia Di Pasquale, M.D.; Aurelia Grosu, M.D.;
    Michele Senni, M.D.; Davide Farina, M.D.; Piergiuseppe Agostoni, M.D.;
    Stefania Rizzo, M.D., Ph.D.; Monica De Gaspari, M.D.; Francesca Marzo,
    M.D.; Jason M.

    Duran, M.D., Ph.D.; Eric D. Adler, M.D.; Cristina Giannattasio, M.D.,
    Ph.D.; Cristina Basso, M.D., Ph.D.; Theresa McDonagh, M.D.; Mathieu
    Kerneis, M.D.; Alain Combes, M.D.; Paolo G. Camici, M.D.; and James
    A. de Lemos, M.D. Authors' disclosures are listed in the manuscript.

    This study was funded by an Italian Ministry Grant and the Registry for
    Cardio- Cerebro-Vascular Pathology in Veneto Region, Italy.


    ========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by American_Heart_Association. Note:
    Content may be edited for style and length.


    ========================================================================== Journal Reference:
    1. Enrico Ammirati, Laura Lupi, Matteo Palazzini, Nicholas S. Hendren,
    Justin L. Grodin, Carlo V. Cannistraci, Matthieu Schmidt, Guillaume
    Hekimian, Giovanni Peretto, Thomas Bochaton, Ahmad Hayek, Nicolas
    Piriou, Sergio Leonardi, Stefania Guida, Annalisa Turco, Simone
    Sala, Aitor Uribarri, Caroline M. Van de Heyning, Massimo Mapelli,
    Jeness Campodonico, Patrizia Pedrotti, Maria Isabel Barrionuevo
    Sa'nchez, Albert Ariza Sole, Marco Marini, Maria Vittoria
    Matassini, Mickael Vourc'h, Antonio Cannata`, Daniel I. Bromage,
    Daniele Briguglia, Jorge Salamanca, Pablo Diez-Villanueva, Jukka
    Lehtonen, Florent Huang, Ste'phanie Russel, Francesco Soriano,
    Fabrizio Turrini, Manlio Cipriani, Manuela Bramerio, Mattia Di
    Pasquale, Aurelia Grosu, Michele Senni, Davide Farina, Piergiuseppe
    Agostoni, Stefania Rizzo, Monica De Gaspari, Francesca Marzo, Jason
    M. Duran, Eric D. Adler, Cristina Giannattasio, Cristina Basso,
    Theresa McDonagh, Mathieu Kerneis, Alain Combes, Paolo G. Camici,
    James A. de Lemos, Marco Metra. Prevalence, Characteristics, and
    Outcomes of COVID-19-Associated Acute Myocarditis. Circulation,
    April 11, 2022; DOI: 10.1161/ClRCULATIONAHA.121.056817 ==========================================================================

    Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220411142409.htm

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