• Study finds 10-second videos predict blo

    From ScienceDaily@1:317/3 to All on Tue Mar 29 22:30:42 2022
    Study finds 10-second videos predict blood cancer relapse

    Date:
    March 29, 2022
    Source:
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center
    Summary:
    Ten-second videos of white blood cell motion in the skin's
    microvasculature greatly improved the prediction of which stem
    cell and bone marrow transplant patients would have a relapse of
    their blood cancer.



    FULL STORY ==========================================================================
    In a new study from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10-second
    videos of white blood cell motion in the skin's microvasculature greatly improved the prediction of which stem cell and bone marrow transplant
    patients would have a relapse of their blood cancer.


    ==========================================================================
    In the typical immune response, white blood cells are seen to interact
    with the inner walls of veins, rolling along them like bowling balls
    before adhering to them, then exiting through them to go to sites of inflammation.

    Transplant patients whose white blood cells were caught on video with
    greater adherence levels and greater rolling along vessel walls were
    more than three times as likely to have cancer relapse or die, compared
    to those with normal adherence and rolling levels.

    The stark finding, much more predictive than established models of blood
    cancer relapse and death, was reported March 26 in JAMA Dermatologyand presented the same day in Boston at the annual meeting of the American
    Academy of Dermatology.

    In a previous study involving noninvasive microscopy and graft-versus-host disease, the researchers stumbled on what appeared to be an association
    between higher white blood cell activity and cancer relapse.

    "When we were able to turn our focus to this activity and measure it
    carefully in this new study, we found the association to be indeed
    striking," said Inga Saknite, PhD, adjoint assistant professor of
    Dermatology, who gave the presentation in Boston. Saknite led the
    study with Eric Tkaczyk, MD, PhD, assistant professor of Dermatology
    and Biomedical Engineering, director of the Vanderbilt Dermatology Translational Research Clinic and staff dermatologist at Nashville VA
    Medical Center.



    ========================================================================== According to their report, the clinical value of using videomicroscopy to noninvasively view white blood cell activity in patients' blood vessels
    has been unexplored until now.

    "Our study raises the prospect of a new application of so-called
    diagnostic optical biopsy," Tkaczyk said, "with a special confocal
    microscope brought to stem cell and bone marrow transplant patients for non-invasive inspection of their skin right at the bedside. While this is
    a pilot study of just over 50 patients, it would appear to point strongly
    to potential clinical application for improved patient evaluation and management. Patients found to be at high risk for relapse could, for
    example, be more readily referred to clinical trials." Distinct from autologous transplant, where the patient is the donor for him or herself, allogeneic transplant uses stem cells or bone marrow from a sibling
    or other donor matched as closely as possible to the patient. With
    allogeneic transplant, immunosuppressant drugs are often used to prevent graft-versus-host disease.

    In 56 blood cancer patients who had undergone allogeneic transplants, the
    team used confocal videomicroscopy to record white blood cell activity
    in the skin's microvasculature at 34 to 58 days after transplant. With
    a clinically meaningful threshold having been selected for high and
    low rates of adhering or rolling, or A&R, of white blood cells in the microvasculature, the study group was divided into 35 participants (62%)
    with low A&R and 21 (38%) with high A&R.

    Participants were followed via review of electronic health records for
    a median of 15 months after transplant, during which 13 relapsed and 14
    died. Among the 13 relapses, nine had high A&R, with eight of the nine
    relapses occurring within four months of imaging.

    A&R vastly outperformed an established predictive model of cancer relapse
    or death following bone marrow transplant, called the refined Disease
    Risk Index, such that when the two models were combined, A&R accounted
    for over 80% of the prognostic information for relapse and death.

    Also on the study from VUMC were James Patrinely, MD, Zijun Zhao, MD,
    Heidi Chen, PhD, Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel, MPH, PhD, Tae Kon Kim, MD, PhD,
    Madan Jagasia, MBBS, and Michael Byrne, DO. The study was supported by
    the National Institutes of Health (CA090625) and a Career Development
    Award to Tkaczyk from the Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Sciences
    R&D Service (IK2 CX001785).


    ========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
    Vanderbilt_University_Medical_Center. Original written by Paul
    Govern. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


    ========================================================================== Journal Reference:
    1. Inga Saknite, James R. Patrinely, Zijun Zhao, Heidi Chen, Alicia
    Beeghly-
    Fadiel, Tae Kon Kim, Madan Jagasia, Michael Byrne, Eric R. Tkaczyk.

    Association of Leukocyte Adhesion and Rolling in Skin With Patient
    Outcomes After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Noninvasive
    Reflectance Confocal Videomicroscopy. JAMA Dermatology, 2022;
    DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.0924 ==========================================================================

    Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220329142518.htm

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